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​The Factory Formula

Designed by Alexandra Kuzmina, Ilia Mashkov, and Andrey Kolpikov, this house within ZILART residential complex seems to solve the eternal struggle of vertical versus horizontal, bringing the controversy to a minimum. The house is reminiscent of this factory’s golden age of the 1930’s.

24 June 2019
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Lot №4 is a part of the first stage of ZILART, the grand-scale housing project of LSR company curated by Yuri Grigoryan, who, as is known, defined the master plan as well as the design code of the construction on this formerly automotive peninsula. The design of the first stage of each of the city blocks was commissioned to one reputed architectural company. The lot of “Mezonproekt” is situated on the north border of the complex that coincides with the Likhachev Avenue. Counting from the Moskva River, it is the third behind the buildings designed by Sergey Skuratov and Evgeniy Gerasimov, lying before the city block designed by Sergey Tchoban. Diagonally, its neighbors are the lots designed by Urbis and Meganom. The nearest neighbor from the inner south side is the building designed by “Tsimailo, Lyashenko and Partners”: the architects of Mezonproekt frequently met with its authors discussing the insolation, the color, and the height of the buildings. As a result, an interesting volumetric dialogue appeared: the low-rise houses are placed alongside each other, mutually complementing each other and forming the low-rise construction front along the Shchuseva Street, while the 14-story towers of the two lots are echoing one another.

ZILART housing complex (Lot #4)
Copyright: © Mezonproekt
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    ZILART housing complex (Lot #4). Location plan
    Copyright: © Mezonproekt
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    ZILART housing complex (Lot #4). Master plan
    Copyright: © Mezonproekt


Yet another specification was the design code that regulated the city block planning, the number of floors, the height of the first floors and their public function. The code also defines the façade coating materials: 70 percent brick, 40 percent other materials and colors: red, white, and shades of gray: dark-colored window transoms. As for the brick, LSR group manufactures it at its own production facility; for ZILART it’s always designer brick, custom-produced by the sketches and requirements from the architects, for the unique texture of each of the lots.

Mezonproekt proposed a solution that was laconic to the point of brutal. The architects selected two kinds of bricks: one dark engobed brick with a glittering surface that reflects the sky, changing color from black-brown to bluish. The other was neutral gray, rugged and looking like sandstone. Together they create a grisailles effect of a sepia hue, like an old faded photograph or an old newsreel. The tone is neutral, even dark.

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    ZILART housing complex (Lot #4)
    Copyright: Photograph: Archi.ru
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    ZILART housing complex (Lot #4)
    Copyright: © Mezonproekt
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    ZILART housing complex (Lot #4). Project
    Copyright: © Mezonproekt
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    ZILART housing complex (Lot #4). Project
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    ZILART housing complex (Lot #4). Project
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    ZILART housing complex (Lot #4). Project
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    ZILART housing complex (Lot #4). Project
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    ZILART housing complex (Lot #4). Project
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The third material will be ceramic granite: panels with a surface that looks like Corten steel, like old factory metal. This is the first analogy with ZIL. On the outside, all of the piers of the tall 6-meter high first floor consist of two “bellows” of such rusty-looking material: the bottom one slightly higher, the top one slightly shorter. The zigzagged line is deliberately broken to create an impression that the building is being supported by two belts of some kind of mechanism. At the corners, the intersections become more prominent, and the impression of an old apparatus that once came to a grinding halt but now woke up to support the weight of the house, is strengthened even more.

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    ZILART housing complex (Lot #4)
    Copyright: © Mezonproekt
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    ZILART housing complex (Lot #4)
    Copyright: Photograph: Archi.ru


The “factory” allusions are supported by overnangs: their broad and short blocks with a concave surface backlit at nights look like hot metal molds.

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    ZILART housing complex (Lot #4)
    Copyright: © Mezonproekt
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    ZILART housing complex (Lot #4)
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    ZILART housing complex (Lot #4)
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In spite of its certain brutality, this theme is akin to window shop design, which requires either neutrality or some bold statement. Let us note that it is resonant with the modern context of ZILART: Corten steel covers the bottom floors and the “tail” of the comet house #1; a Corten zigzag is also to be seen in the inner building of Lot 2. Lot#4 continues the “factory” theme set by the architect’s colleague, Sergey Skuratov.

The third part of reminiscences about ZIL is to be found inside, and it has a totally graphic character; ceramic panels that display truck vividly remind not only about the factory, but also about Stalin metro stations or the postwar VDNKh exhibition.

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    ZILART housing complex (Lot #4): ceramic panels in the entrance areas
    Copyright: © Mezonproekt
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    ZILART housing complex (Lot #4): the ceramic panel in the entrance areas
    Copyright: © Mezonproekt
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    ZILART housing complex (Lot #4): the ceramic panels in the entrance areas
    Copyright: © Mezonproekt
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    ZILART housing complex (Lot #4): the ceramic panels in the entrance areas
    Copyright: © Mezonproekt
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    ZILART housing complex (Lot #4): the ceramic panel in the entrance areas
    Copyright: © Mezonproekt
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    ZILART housing complex (Lot #4): the ceramic panels in the entrance areas
    Copyright: © Mezonproekt


Let’s get back outside, however, and raise our gaze. Using two shades of color, the architects act a play dedicated to interrelation between the vertical and horizontal, two main antagonist themes of the architecture of the XX century. The horizontal is to some extent known as the manifesto of avant-garde architecture, like a steam engine tearing down the track, a symbol of ultimate freedom. At the same time, the horizontal is also a characteristic feature of a metallurgical shop, a rolling mill or an assembly line – it’s just not practical to place such things into any kind of tower. The vertical, on the other hand, is a technique that belongs with Art Deco, the antagonists of avant-garde. In the XX century, this became a standard practice: once modernism prevails, the buildings become elongated, their windows turning into “ribbon” ones or at least rectangular, lying on the long side. Once they get tired of modernism, the vertical growth of the towers is supported by pillars, the windows stringing up like a guitar string.

And, while in the XX century the vertical and the horizontal are waging trench warfare, alternately prevailing, today their struggle is more and more often becomes the subject for reflection. So the architects of Mezonproekt gave a chance to speak to both of them. Their scheme explains it all: one 14-story tower, at the corner of the Golosova and Kandinskogo Streets (sic, the names of the ZILART streets will not let us forget about the art of the XX century) – asserts the vertical. The seven-story building on the Shchusev Street cultivates the horizontal, just as the two single-tier buildings that close the contour left and right of it. The house on the Likhachev Avenue combines both themes, the seven bottom floors being subjugated to the horizontal, and the higher floors being vertical.

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    ZILART housing complex (Lot #4). Axonometric draft
    Copyright: © Mezonproekt
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    ZILART housing complex (Lot #4). Facade. View 1
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    ZILART housing complex (Lot #4). Facade. View 3
    Copyright: © Mezonproekt


The vertical tower vividly reminds us about the 1930’s, and about of the State Duma building, as well as about many American (particularly Chicago) examples. A characteristic detail – windows grouped in vertical pairs and divided by a thin metallic lintel – leave no doubt that what we are seeing is Chicago. We are brought back to contemporary by a bay window that asymmetrically embraces the corner – two thirds at the bottom, one third at the top – unobtrusively reminding the observers about the number of the current century so as stop us from being carried away by allusions.

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    ZILART housing complex (Lot #4)
    Copyright: © Mezonproekt
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    ZILART housing complex (Lot #4)
    Copyright: Photograph: Archi.ru
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    ZILART housing complex (Lot #4)
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    ZILART housing complex (Lot #4)
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    ZILART housing complex (Lot #4)
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    ZILART housing complex (Lot #4)
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    ZILART housing complex (Lot #4)
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In the horizontal building, the stripes of the flutes make a 90-degree turn and connect the windows with their strokes, highlighting the “ribbon” direction. This Is a technique that can be traced back to the 1960’s-1980’s just as the zigzag of the stripes between the floors. The façade at once becomes volumetric and sculptural; it gets a clear rhythm and a prominent resemblance with the modernist interpretation of the horizontal. Upwards grow two dark flattened floors similar to the neighboring vertical tower – they can be interpreted as a buildup or as the nucleus of the house, surrounded by a large belt of light-colored brick.

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    ZILART housing complex (Lot #4)
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    ZILART housing complex (Lot #4)
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    ZILART housing complex (Lot #4)
    Copyright: Photograph: Archi.ru


Thus, two essentially opposite techniques, belonging one to Art Deco and one to modernism, are brought to one common denominator: a simple relief technique of the “strings” of the stripes. It looks as though the architects were deliberately showing that the heated discussion of the XX century was essentially the fight of Swift’s Lilliput and Blefuscu. And, if we are to reach a high level of generalization, we will be able to add and subtract them, like in a mathematical formula.

And addition is exactly what takes place in the third building: at the bottom, the grooves are horizontal, and they belt the building; higher up, after the seventh floor, they are vertical, like two strokes of the plus sign. The entire façade is subjugated to their rigorous framework. In the upper part the vertical is supported by glass-and-metal “capsules” of the bay windows that look like elevators – it seems, especially if one is looking from below, that they are frozen in mid-motion, and are about to slide up or down. An interesting way to solve the problem of the bay windows looking like a giant thermometer (a common problem for high-rise buildings) was to turn them into a part of the building’s narrative. The bay windows also become an addition to the floor space of the apartments: they stand out pretty far, about two meters from the surface of the inside wall, adding some variety and serving as “skylights” thanks to the triangular shape of their ledges.

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    ZILART housing complex (Lot #4)
    Copyright: Photograph: Archi.ru
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    ZILART housing complex (Lot #4)
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    ZILART housing complex (Lot #4)
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    ZILART housing complex (Lot #4)
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    ZILART housing complex (Lot #4). Project
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    ZILART housing complex (Lot #4)
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    ZILART housing complex (Lot #4)
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    ZILART housing complex (Lot #4). Facade. View 5
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    ZILART housing complex (Lot #4). Facade fragment
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    ZILART housing complex (Lot #4). Typical floor. Building A.
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    ZILART housing complex (Lot #4)
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It must be noted that the building that overlooks the Likhachev Avenue had a lot more plastique about in the original sketches, and was essentially a stack of “bellow” ribbons composed from asymmetric triangular bay windows. So, very much in a steampunk fashion, the entire house looks like a sculpture of some frozen mechanism, a giant truck. Actually, the zigzag that belts the 7-story building and the triangular bay windows are echoes of that shape, its remnants remaining after its considerable “purge” and “pacifying” by parallel and perpendicular lines.

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    ZILART housing complex (Lot #4). Sketch 3
    Copyright: © Mezonproekt
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    ZILART housing complex (Lot #4). Sketch 2
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    ZILART housing complex (Lot #4). Sketch 1
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    ZILART housing complex (Lot #4). Sketch 4
    Copyright: © Mezonproekt


And now the lines of the main narratives of verticals and horizontals get ornamental additions here and there: sometimes these are strokes on a side wall of the tower, sometimes these are ornamental grilles of the ventilation systems (vertical and horizontal waves alternate in them) – this ornament became the symbol of the building; it is repeated above the entrances as well.

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    ZILART housing complex (Lot #4)
    Copyright: Photograph: Archi.ru
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    ZILART housing complex (Lot #4)
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    ZILART housing complex (Lot #4)
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    ZILART housing complex (Lot #4)
    Copyright: © Mezonproekt
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    ZILART housing complex (Lot #4)
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The landscaped yard with laconic chamfers in a frame of flowerbeds and ostentatiously tall backs of the wooden benches is only open in one place, from the side of the Golosova Street. Here it closed by a lattice gate and a door. According to the master plan, the Golosova and Kandinskogo streets, which surround Lot #4 from all sides – are pedestrian promenades, only accessible to emergency vehicles; right now wooden benches are installed here, as well as lawns with pine trees. The Shchusev Street from the east side is “inner automotive”; the Likhachev Avenue, which runs in the stead of a former in-factory drive, is a broad thoroughfare and a borderline of ZILART. In other words, it’s pretty quiet outside, and you can go for pleasant walks stepping out of the yard. However, the authors also provided still another route: stepping from the little door, you can get into the yard of the neighboring building designed by Evgeniy Gerasimov, from where you will be able to exit left, to the Kandinskogo Street. That is, of course, if the wickets are open – or are accessible to the residents by key – this will be yet another way to achieve the cohesiveness of space and improving its urban quality and transparency.

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    ZILART housing complex (Lot #4)
    Copyright: Photograph: Archi.ru
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    ZILART housing complex (Lot #4). Project
    Copyright: © Mezonproekt


The plans and locations of the apartments are mostly traditional, not the Euro or studio type; they are designed based on the idea that even within a family a person needs a space of his or her own. Single-room apartments start from 42 square meters, and a 48-sqm apartment even has a wardrobe. The two-room apartments are often large, 70+ square meters, and they have two bathrooms (which is still a rare thing by Russian standards), like 3 and 4-room apartments do, the size of which being about 120 square meters. There are four or five apartments per landing. The numbers of the hallways are laid out in bricks from the yard side and are clearly visible.

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    Copyright: © Mezonproekt. Plan of the 1st floor
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    ZILART housing complex (Lot #4). Plan of the – 1st floor
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    ZILART housing complex (Lot #4). Section view 1-1
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    ZILART housing complex (Lot #4). Section view 2-2
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    ZILART housing complex (Lot #4). Typical floor. Building B.
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    ZILART housing complex (Lot #4). Typical floor. Building B.
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    ZILART housing complex (Lot #4). Apartment interior
    Copyright: © Mezonproekt


In comparison to the neighboring ZILART houses, Lot #4 is less bright and is more monochrome. It looks as though it were holding a pause, withdrawing into the world of black-and-white movies, into the reminiscences of the factory’s golden age. There were two golden ages, in fact; the industrialization of the thirties – even though the factory appeared in the stead of the Tyufeleva Grove still in 1916, the factory boomed in 1930-1931, when the nation’s first assembly line was launched. The second golden age was in the sixties and seventies, the time of “brutal style”, when the selfless country was building itself anew after the war. Generally speaking, the narrative of the building is clearly read from its architecture: the vertical tower signifies the first golden age, the time of Art Deco and constructivism, even parallels with Chicago are appropriate because in the 1930’s the plant was modernized by an American license. The horizontal building clearly symbolizes the 1960’s-1970’s, the time of the thaw, and also the time when ZIL manufactured thousands of trucks a year, plus refrigerators. The third tower add up the two themes. The house becomes a monument to the plant.

On the other hand, let us remember that Mezonproekt is a company, one of whose specialties is the modern interpretation of Art Deco. This is basically it comes as no surprise that the architects decided to base their scenario on a tower that refers to the thirties. However, the solution turned out to be quite different: much less detailed, simple and at some places even brutal. The building even looks great with the dust of the yet-uncleaned efflorescence – an interesting solution. It definitely fulfilled its task, adding to the predetermined scheme a little bit of the author’s statement.

24 June 2019

Headlines now
Part of the Ideal
In 2025, another World Expo will take place in Osaka, Japan, in which Russia will not participate. However, a competition for the Russian pavilion was indeed held, with six projects participating. The results were never announced as Russia’s participation was canceled; the competition has no winners. Nevertheless, Expo pavilion projects are typically designed for a bold and interesting architectural statement, so we’ve gathered all the six projects and will be publishing articles about them in random order. The first one is the project by Vladimir Plotkin and Reserve Union, which is distinguished by the clarity of its stereometric shape, the boldness of its structure, and the multiplicity of possible interpretations.
The Fortress by the River
ASADOV Architects have developed a concept for a new residential district in the center of Kemerovo. To combat the harsh climate and monotonous everyday life, the architects proposed a block type of development with dominant towers, good insolation, facades detailed at eye level, and event programming.
In the Rhombus Grid
Construction has begun on the building of the OMK (United Metallurgical Company) Corporate University in Nizhny Novgorod’s town of Vyksa, designed by Ostozhenka Architects. The most interesting aspect of the project is how the architects immersed it in the context: “extracting” a diagonal motif from the planning grid of Vyksa, they aligned the building, the square, and the park to match it. A truly masterful work with urban planning context on several different levels of perception has long since become the signature technique of Ostozhenka.
​Generational Connection
Another modern estate, designed by Roman Leonidov, is located in the Moscow region and brings together three generations of one family under one roof. To fit on a narrow plot without depriving anyone of personal space, the architects opted for a zigzag plan. The main volume in the house structure is accentuated by mezzanines with a reverse-sloped roof and ceilings featuring exposed beams.
Three Dimensions of the City
We began to delve into the project by Sergey Skuratov, the residential complex “Depo” in Minsk, located at Victory Square, and it fascinated us completely. The project has at least several dimensions to it: historical – at some point, the developer decided to discontinue further collaboration with Sergey Skuratov Architects, but the concept was approved, and its implementation continues, mostly in accordance with the proposed ideas. The spatial and urban planning dimension – the architects both argue with the city and play along with it, deciphering nuances, and finding axes. And, finally, the tactile dimension – the constructed buildings also have their own intriguing features. Thus, this article also has two parts: it dwells on what has been built and what was conceived
New “Flight”
Architects from “Mezonproject” have developed a project for the reconstruction of the regional youth center “Polyot”(“Flight”) in the city of Oryol. The summer youth center, built back in the late 1970s, will now become year-round and acquire many additional functions.
The Yauza Towers
In Moscow, there aren’t that many buildings or projects designed by Nikita Yavein and Studio 44. In this article, we present to you the concept of a large multifunctional complex on the Yauza River, located between two parks, featuring a promenade, a crossroads of two pedestrian streets, a highly developed public space, and an original architectural solution. This solution combines a sophisticated, asymmetric façade grid, reminiscent of a game of fifteen puzzle, and bold protrusions of the upper parts of the buildings, completely masking the technical floors and sculpting the complex’s silhouette.
Architecture and Leisure Park
For the suburban hotel complex, which envisages various formats of leisure, the architectural company T+T Architects proposed several types of accommodation, ranging from the classic “standard” in a common building to a “cave in the hill” and a “house in a tree”. An additional challenge consisted in integrating a few classic-style residences already existing on this territory into the “architectural forest park”.
The U-House
The Jois complex combines height with terraces, bringing the most expensive apartments from penthouses down to the bottom floors. The powerful iconic image of the U-shaped building is the result of the creative search for a new standard of living in high-rise buildings by the architects of “Genpro”.
Black and White
In this article, we specifically discuss the interiors of the ATOM Pavilion at VDNKh. Interior design is a crucial component of the overall concept in this case, and precision and meticulous execution were highly important for the architects. Julia Tryaskina, head of UNK interiors, shares some of the developments.
The “Snake” Mountain
The competition project for the seaside resort complex “Serpentine” combines several typologies: apartments of different classes, villas, and hotel rooms. For each of these typologies, the KPLN architects employ one of the images that are drawn from the natural environment – a serpentine road, a mountain stream, and rolling waves.
Opal from Anna Mons’ Ring
The project of a small business center located near Tupolev Plaza and Radio Street proclaims the necessity of modern architecture in a specific area of Moscow commonly known as “Nemetskaya Sloboda” or “German settlement”. It substantiates its thesis with the thoroughness of details, a multitude of proposed and rejected form variants, and even a detailed description of the surrounding area. The project is interesting indeed, and it is even more interesting to see what will come of it.
Feed ’Em All
A “House of Russian Cuisine” was designed and built by KROST Group at VDNKh for the “Rossiya” exhibition in record-breaking time. The pavilion is masterfully constructed in terms of the standards of modern public catering industry multiplied by the bustling cultural program of the exhibition, and it interprets the stylistically diverse character of VDNKh just as successfully. At the same time, much of its interior design can be traced back to the prototypes of the 1960s – so much so that even scenes from iconic Soviet movies of those years persistently come to mind.
The Ensemble at the Mosque
OSA prepared a master plan for a district in the southern part of Derbent. The main task of the master plan is to initiate the formation of a modern comfortable environment in this city. The organization of residential areas is subordinated to the city’s spiritual center: depending on the location relative to the cathedral mosque, the houses are distinguished by façade and plastique solutions. The program also includes a “hospitality center”, administrative buildings, an educational cluster, and even an air bridge.
Pargolovo Protestantism
A Protestant church is being built in St. Petersburg by the project of SLOI architects. One of the main features of the building is a wooden roof with 25-meter spans, which, among other things, forms the interior of the prayer hall. Also, there are other interesting details – we are telling you more about them.
The Shape of the Inconceivable
The ATOM Pavilion at VDNKh brings to mind a famous maxim of all architects and critics: “You’ve come up with it? Now build it!” You rarely see such a selfless immersion in implementation of the project, and the formidable structural and engineering tasks set by UNK architects to themselves are presented here as an integral and important part of the architectural idea. The challenge matches the obliging status of the place – after all, it is an “exhibition of achievements”, and the pavilion is dedicated to the nuclear energy industry. Let’s take a closer look: from the outside, from the inside, and from the underside too.
​Rays of the Desert
A school for 1750 students is going to be built in Dubai, designed by IND Architects. The architects took into account the local specifics, and proposed a radial layout and spaces, in which the children will be comfortable throughout the day.
The Dairy Theme
The concept of an office of a cheese-making company, designed for the enclosed area of a dairy factory, at least partially refers to industrial architecture. Perhaps that is why this concept is very simple, which seems the appropriate thing to do here. The building is enlivened by literally a couple of “master strokes”: the turning of the corner accentuates the entrance, and the shade of glass responds to the theme of “milk rivers” from Russian fairy tales.
The Road to the Temple
Under a grant from the Small Towns Competition, the main street and temple area of the village of Nikolo-Berezovka near Neftekamsk has been improved. A consortium of APRELarchitects and Novaya Zemlya is turning the village into an open-air museum and integrating ruined buildings into public life.
​Towers Leaning Towards the Sun
The three towers of the residential complex “Novodanilovskaya 8” are new and the tallest neighbors of the Danilovsky Manufactory, “Fort”, and “Plaza”, complementing a whole cluster of modern buildings designed by renowned masters. At the same time, the towers are unique for this setting – they are residential, they are the tallest ones here, and they are located on a challenging site. In this article, we explore how architects Andrey Romanov and Ekaterina Kuznetsova tackled this far-from-trivial task.
In the spirit of ROSTA posters
The new Rostselmash tractor factory, conceptualized by ASADOV Architects, is currently being completed in Rostov-on-Don. References to the Soviet architecture of the 1920’s and 1960’s resonate with the mission and strategic importance of the enterprise, and are also in line with the client’s wish: to pay homage to Rostov’s constructivism.
The Northern Thebaid
The central part of Ferapontovo village, adjacent to the famous monastery with frescoes by Dionisy, has been improved according to the project by APRELarchitects. Now the place offers basic services for tourists, as well as a place for the villagers’ leisure.
Brilliant Production
The architects from London-based MOST Architecture have designed the space for the high-tech production of Charge Cars, a high-performance production facility for high-speed electric cars that are assembled in the shell of legendary Ford Mustangs. The founders of both the company and the car assembly startup are Russians who were educated in their home country.
Three-Part Task: St. Petersburg’s Mytny Dvor
The so-called “Mytny Dvor” area lying just behind Moscow Railway Station – the market rows with a complex history – will be transformed into a premium residential complex by Studio 44. The project consists of three parts: the restoration of historical buildings, the reconstruction of the lost part of the historical contour, and new houses. All of them are harmonized with each other and with the city; axes and “beams of light” were found, cozy corners and scenic viewpoints were carefully thought out. We had a chat with the authors of the historical buildings’ restoration project, and we are telling you about all the different tasks that have been solved here.
The Color of the City, or Reflections on the Slope of an Urban Settlement
In 2022, Ostozhenka Architects won a competition, and in 2023, they developed and received all the necessary approvals for a master plan for the development of Chernigovskaya Street for the developer GloraX. The project takes into account a 10-year history of previous developments; it was done in collaboration with architects from Nizhny Novgorod, and it continues to evolve now. We carefully examined it, talked to everyone, and learned a lot of interesting things.
A Single-Industry Town
Kola MMC and Nornickel are building a residential neighborhood in Monchegorsk for their future employees. It is based on a project by an international team that won the 2021 competition. The project offers a number of solutions meant to combat the main “demons” of any northern city: wind, grayness and boredom.
A New Age Portico
At the beginning of the year, Novosibirsk Tolmachevo Airport opened Terminal C. The large-scale and transparent entrance hall with luminous columns inside successfully combines laconism with a bright and photogenic WOW-effect. The terminal is both the new façade of the whole complex and the starting point of the planned reconstruction, upon completion of which Tolmachevo will become the largest regional airport in Russia. In this article, we are examining the building in the context of modernist prototypes of both Novosibirsk and Leningrad: like puzzle pieces, they come together to form their individual history, not devoid of curious nuances and details.
A New Starting Point
We’ve been wanting to examine the RuArts Foundation space, designed by ATRIUM for quite a long time, and we finally got round to it. This building looks appropriate and impressive; it amazingly combines tradition – represented in our case by galleries – and innovation. In this article, we delve into details and study the building’s historical background as well.
Molding Perspectives
Stepan Liphart introduces “schematic Art Deco” on the outskirts of Kazan – his houses are executed in green color, with a glassy “iced” finish on the facades. The main merits of the project lie in his meticulous arrangement of viewing angles – the architect is striving to create in a challenging environment the embryo of a city not only in terms of pedestrian accessibility but also in a sculptural sense. He works with silhouettes, proposing intriguing triangular terraces. The entire project is structured like a crystal, following two grids, orthogonal and diagonal. In this article, we are examining what worked, and what eventually didn’t.
An Educational Experiment for the North
City-Arch continues to work on the projects that can be termed as “experimental public preschools”: private kindergartens and schools can envy such facilities in many respects. This time around, the project is done for the city of Gubkinsky, Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District. A diverse educational and play environment, including a winter garden, awaits future students, while the teachers will have abundant opportunities to implement new practices.