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The Mastery of Counterpoint

In the sculpture of Classical Greece, counterpoint was first invented: the ability to position the human body as if it were about to take a step, imbuing it with a hint of the energy of future movement, and with hidden dynamics. For architecture, especially in the 20th century and now, this is also one of the main techniques, and the ATRIUM architects implement it diligently, consistently – and always slightly differently. The new residential complex “Richard” is a good example of such exploration, based on the understanding of contrasts in the urban environment, which was fused into the semblance of a living being.

25 August 2023
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Moscow is a city of contrasts in many places, and yet Zorge Street is one of the most vivid examples of this. This street stretches from south to north behind Khodynka; on its eastern side stand buildings constructed during the Stalinist period, followed by the “Birch Grove” park – a kind of ideal mid-rise, green-immersed quiet city with rare signs of life. The western side not too long ago was entirely composed of industrial zones and garages, situated along the Moscow Central Circle – and now this territory is being intensely developed.

“Richard” housing complex
Copyright: Photograph © Vlad Ainet / provided by ATRIUM


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    “Richard” housing complex
    Copyright: © ATRIUM
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    View from the side of the Stalinist houses. “Richard” housing complex
    Copyright: Photograph © Vlad Ainet / provided by ATRIUM


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    “Richard” housing complex
    Copyright: Photograph © Vlad Ainet / provided by ATRIUM
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    “Richard” housing complex
    Copyright: Photograph © Vlad Ainet / provided by ATRIUM


“Richard”, designed by ATRIUM architects and recently completed, is one of the new residential complexes. Its tall sections reach a height of 98 meters with 28 floors, offering upscale housing. Separating it from Zorge Street is a large and wide park, adjacent to a well-maintained area of the complex. On the ground floors on this side, there are cafes, shops, and a supermarket; the courtyards are enclosed, and the underground parking garage has one level – all of this has become a set of common decencies for a modern housing complex; such things are expected.

What IS intriguing, however, is the form of these buildings and how they respond to the environment.

The surroundings are contrasting to the point of amazement. Stalinist buildings are hidden behind trees, but on the opposite side, in the perspective gaps beyond the Moscow Central Circle, you can see cooling towers and brand-new pipes of the Combined Heat and Power Plant #16. The parking lot from the 1990s looks a bit worse, and even more unexpectedly, the new tall neighbor, the three under-construction residential towers of the “Zorge 9” complex, appears: they are placed so closely that there is a distinct feeling of “boundary violation” and a dispute among the towers, which is all the more astonishing because emptiness and industrial zones still prevail in the surroundings. As a result, a somewhat shaded canyon of a street emerges between the two complexes from the northern side.

“Richard” housing complex
Copyright: © ATRIUM


“Richard” housing complex
Copyright: Photograph © Vlad Ainet / provided by ATRIUM


In such an environment – sometimes not devoid of passive aggressiveness, and sometimes spacious and breezy – the “Richard” residential complex behaves like a living creature: first, it reacts to everything, and second, it makes attempts to sometimes raise its head, and sometimes curl up like a ball. It’s tempting to compare it to a group of large exotic animals – giraffes are the first thing that comes to mind. Generally speaking, giraffe-like buildings occasionally do appear in the context of Moscow’s design, which has recently been height-obsessed; however, I will immediately mention that the abstracted animal character of the buildings, manifesting itself in colorful “skins” and cantilevered “heads”, is ATRIUM’s signature style meant to emphasize this kind of “life-likeness” in their buildings. Their buildings have often reminded me of various creatures before; in recent years, ATRIUM has purposefully expanded this approach on a larger scale.

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    “Richard” housing complex
    Copyright: Photograph © Vlad Ainet / provided by ATRIUM
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    “Richard” housing complex
    Copyright: Photograph © Vlad Ainet / provided by ATRIUM


We saw our task as reducing the scale through contrasting solutions, dividing a large form into many smaller ones, thus reconciling the building with the existing environment, or at least creating links with existing houses.

We also wanted to embellish the volumetric and spatial relationships, and to emphasize the difference in volumes with bracing. Since I adhere to the thesis, not the most popular among my fellow architects, that architecture is a sculpture in which you can live, we strive for maximum plastique, or at least the maximum possible in its genre. As a rule, sectional houses have rather restrained plastique possibilities – for example, there are almost no cantilevers in the facade plane, but in this case we managed to make cantilevered structures and achieve a rather expressive sculpture by harmoniously distributing elements of different scales.


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    “Richard” housing complex
    Copyright: Photograph © Vlad Ainet / provided by ATRIUM
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    “Richard” housing complex
    Copyright: © ATRIUM


Indeed, despite the fact that both buildings are sectional and have an L-shape plan, they resemble more a conglomeration of pedestal-like structures and towers – a typology that has become prevalent in Moscow over the past decade. However, in this case, it has “fused” into sections and then visually organized itself in a slightly different manner: here we see not only towers and stylized base connections but also a horizontal volume placed on a foundation with a slight offset, or a vertical volume “growing” through a plate.

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    “Richard” housing complex
    Copyright: Photograph © Vlad Ainet / provided by ATRIUM
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    “Richard” housing complex
    Copyright: Photograph © Vlad Ainet / provided by ATRIUM


All of this is a mise-en-scène designed for perception from the outside: a sculpture “carved” from the rock of the multi-apartment monolith.

The buildings are composed of two main types of “architectural material”.

One type is responsible for contextual interplay with the Stalinist buildings – these are volumes clad in beige tiles that closely resemble bricks, with various tones and occasional dark-gray inclusions. As is customary for the conservative element, these surfaces are designed calmly and follow the vertical lines: the windows on parts of the facades are grouped in pairs, elongated proportionally with black inserts, and in some places gathered into narrow “slots”. Additionally, significant facades feature relief patterns suitable for brickwork: sloping surfaces and thin vertical cavities.

“Richard” housing complex
Copyright: Photograph © Vlad Ainet / provided by ATRIUM


“Richard” housing complex
Copyright: Photograph © Vlad Ainet / provided by ATRIUM


Surfaces responsible for the modern component of the image are more prominent – at a glance, I would say that they are about two-thirds of the overall volume, and they are solved more intricately and contrastingly. The main theme here is a white grid with predominance of horizontal lines, but without “ribbon” windows, just alternating between wide and not very wide ones. However, all predominantly vertical walls show us, first of all, the submergence of the protruding white stripe due to black inserts, and secondly, its inclination, each time at a slightly different angle. These are accompanied by the slopes of the piers on the first floor – they are now clearly likened to the legs of a centipede, which adds a lot of “animal character” to the building’s image. They have both necks and legs – what more could be said?

The second aspect of the “modern part” of the facades is sidewalls. They are made of glass, but with numerous differently colored slats, resembling small flags, forming a lively, light, and asymmetrical surface – it beautifully enlivens the houses in perspectives, appearing as a precious inlay, significantly different from the long-established simple bright-colored inserts in Moscow. Here, it is not a flat plane, but a volumetric hatching, illuminated by glints from the stained glass – a very pleasant technique, reminiscent of Le Corbusier’s Unité d’Habitation, but in a simplified form and in a more complex color palette: beige resonates with brick, blue with the sky.

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    “Richard” housing complex
    Copyright: Photograph © Vlad Ainet / provided by ATRIUM
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    “Richard” housing complex
    Copyright: Photograph © Vlad Ainet / provided by ATRIUM


The two themes, as was mentioned before, do not just merely coexist as is often the case in sectional buildings: a stripe of this, a stripe of that. Instead, they intertwine within the volume, being neatly separated by dark niches and other “cut-offs”, as mentioned by Anton Nadtochiy above.

However, the crescendo of the entire composition is undoubtedly the arch. It faces Zorge Street and the park, and is shifted towards the driveway for better visibility; in height, it spans 8 stories – a grand portal designed to attract attention with its shine and unusual shape. Compositionally, the arch inherits the idea previously experimented with by architects in the Barkli Park building on Soviet Army Street: the lower part accommodates the main entrance lobby, while above, there is an open space.

Here, quite clearly, two images “stitched” by the architects come together in a contrasting juxtaposition: the stable colonnade of the brick volume meets the cuts and angles of the modern one. We are seemingly invited to do a comparison.

“Richard” housing complex
Copyright: Photograph © Vlad Ainet / provided by ATRIUM


Furthermore, come right down to it, it’s not an arch at all; there’s nothing arch-like here, nor could there be. This thing much more resembles a gorge, and here the statement becomes very obvious – on the cross-section, it looks precious and golden.

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    “Richard” housing complex
    Copyright: Photograph © Vlad Ainet / provided by ATRIUM
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    “Richard” housing complex
    Copyright: Photograph © Vlad Ainet / provided by ATRIUM


This is where the main “face-off” of the two materials is staged: on one side, there is brick, on the other, triangle-cut gold (actually composite aluminum panels), and there is a white color at the top.

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    “Richard” housing complex
    Copyright: Photograph © Vlad Ainet / provided by ATRIUM
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    “Richard” housing complex
    Copyright: © ATRIUM


To do the architects justice, we must stress that there is only one golden insert here. Of course, it is directed towards the pedestrian coming from the street and driveway side, meant to capture their attention, and it does: you don’t even notice the brick at first. But this insert is single, that this is important.

Also important is the fact that the faceted golden surface extends into the lobby interior; a skylights has even been created in front of it. The entrance stained glass is also aligned with the golden facets as if it were a membrane. The two walls of the lobby are transparent, providing a view of the courtyard through it – it looks as if it is “stretched” between the two volumes of the house.

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    “Richard” housing complex
    Copyright: Photograph © Vlad Ainet / provided by ATRIUM
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    “Richard” housing complex
    Copyright: Photograph © Vlad Ainet / provided by ATRIUM


Here, one could fantasize: it would have been ideal to make the lobby entirely glass, light as air, with the brick also penetrating inside, just like the golden surface. However, inside, the brick is replaced by marble mosaic. Nonetheless, it works well: it is cozier for people, and the specifics of the interior space are more obvious; it is by no means “too outward”. The transition is well constructed, as is the connection between the “inside” and the “outside”.

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    “Richard” housing complex
    Copyright: Photograph © Vlad Ainet / provided by ATRIUM
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    “Richard” housing complex
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    “Richard” housing complex
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    “Richard” housing complex
    Copyright: Photograph © Vlad Ainet / provided by ATRIUM
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    “Richard” housing complex
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    “Richard” housing complex
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    “Richard” housing complex
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    “Richard” housing complex
    Copyright: Photograph © Vlad Ainet / provided by ATRIUM
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    “Richard” housing complex
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    “Richard” housing complex
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    “Richard” housing complex
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    “Richard” housing complex
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    “Richard” housing complex
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    “Richard” housing complex
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    “Richard” housing complex
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    “Richard” housing complex
    Copyright: Photograph © Vlad Ainet / provided by ATRIUM


It’s worth noting that the implementation is very close to what we see in the design – perhaps because ATRIUM worked on all stages, from concept and design development to detailed design and interiors. According to the architects, the project was executed quite quickly, despite the fact that the client initially only requested a small, more decorative treatment for the existing volumes. The architects revised everything, enriched the forms, and improved both the apartment layouts and the volumetric solutions, which turned the standard sectional building into something recognizable and unique.

Among other things, the architects chose not to alter the Tarakanovka River, which diagonally crosses the site – in fact, it is because of this river that the residential complex is divided into two L-shaped buildings, and their form, in turn, is determined by their adjacency to the street. The elongated sections are parallel to the street, while the smaller bridges face south and towards the views of Moscow-City.

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    “Richard” housing complex
    Copyright: © ATRIUM
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    “Richard” housing complex. Plan of the 5 floor
    Copyright: © ATRIUM
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    “Richard” housing complex
    Copyright: © ATRIUM


Aside from everything else, these buildings, especially the main one to the east, provide an example of a beautiful cross-section view. The lines that shape the sculptural volumes come together upon it in a manner reminiscent of some sort of speaking ornament, an icon-like contour of the very essence hidden within the complex’s plastique.

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    “Richard” housing complex
    Copyright: Photograph © Vlad Ainet / provided by ATRIUM
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    “Richard” housing complex
    Copyright: © ATRIUM


“Richard”, indeed, bears a resemblance to the “Barkli Park” building from a decade earlier: not only in the placement of the lobby within an arch but also in the interweaving of volumes and “narratives” and most importantly, in the attempt to consistently reflect the well-known thesis that the city is a living organism. The architects at ATRIUM attempt to populate it with “animated” dynamic buildings, creatively fusing contrasts within. If one were to look from above, the newly constructed “puzzle” somehow enters into a dialogue with the much larger and noticeably more unruly one, which the city presents to us as having developed independently over several periods of its growth: here, the beige color of the brick, there, the whiteness of the panels; here, the verticality of the pipes, and so on. They even arrange themselves in familiar patterns, both the building itself and everything around it.

“Richard” housing complex
Copyright: Photograph © Vlad Ainet / provided by ATRIUM


However, at the same time, the new building, while digesting all these themes, offers its own response and its own solution – one that might well serve as a context for future neighbors.

In the year 2022, “Richard” became the winner of the Urban Awards in the category of “Residential Complex with the Best Architecture”.

25 August 2023

Headlines now
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Flexibility and Integration
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A Step Forward
The HIDE residential complex represents a major milestone for ADM architects and their leaders Andrey Romanov and Ekaterina Kuznetsova in their quest for a fresh high-rise aesthetic – one that is flexible and layered, capable of bringing vibrancy to mass and silhouette while shaping form. Over recent years, this approach has become ADM’s “signature style”, with the golden HIDE tower playing a pivotal role in its evolution. Here, we delve into the project’s story, explore the details of the complex’s design, and uncover its core essence.
Gold in the Sands
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Layers and Levels of Flight
This project goes way back – Reserve Union won this architectural competition at the end of 2011, and the building was completed in 2018, so it’s practically “archival”. However, despite being relatively unknown, the building can hardly be considered “dated” and remains a prime example of architectural expression, particularly in the headquarters genre. And it’s especially fitting for an aviation company office. In some ways, it resembles the Aeroflot headquarters at Sheremetyevo but with its own unique identity, following the signature style of Vladimir Plotkin. In this article, we take an in-depth look at the United Aircraft Corporation (UAC) headquarters in the Moscow agglomeration town of Zhukovsky, supplemented by recent photographs from Alexey Naroditsky – a shoot that became only recently possible due to the fact that improvements were finally made in the surrounding area.
Light and Shadow
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Casus Novae
A master plan was developed for a large residential area with a name of “DNS City”, but now that its implementation began, the plan has been arbitrarily reformatted and replaced with something that, while similar on the surface, is actually quite different. This is not the first time such a thing happens, but it’s always frustrating. With permission from the author, we are sharing Maria Elkina’s post.
Treasure Hunting
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Depths of the Earth, Streams of Water
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Fir Tree Dynamics
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​A Brick Shell
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Word Forms
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Flexibility and Acuteness of Modernity
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Yuri Vissarionov: “A modular house does not belong to the land”
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​Moscow’s First
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Looking at the Water
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The White Wing
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Urban Dunes
The XSA Ramps team designed and built a three-part sports hub for a park in Rostov-on-Don, welcoming people of all ages and fitness levels. The skate plaza, pump track, and playground are all meticulously crafted with details that attract a diverse range of visitors. The technical execution of the shapes and slopes transforms this space into a kind of sculptural composition.
Proportional Growth
The project for the fourth phase of the ÁLIA residential area has been announced. The buildings are situated on an elongated plot – almost a “ray” that shoots out from the center of the area towards the river. Their layout reflects both a response to Moscow’s architectural preferences over the past 15 years, shifting “from blocks to towers”, and an interpretation of the neighboring business park designed by SOM. Additionally, the best apartments here are not located at the very top but closer to the middle, forming a glowing “waistline”.
The “Staircase” Building
In designing the “Details” residential complex in New Moscow, Rais Baishev spiced up the now-popular Moscow theme of a “courtyard” building with an idea drawn from the surrealist drawings by Maurits Escher. He envisioned the stepped silhouettes and descending slopes as a metaphysical mega-staircase, creating a key void within the courtyard that gave the project an internal “spine”. This concept is felt both in the building’s silhouette and on its façades.
Projection of the Quarter
No one doubted that the building that Vladimir Plotkin designed as part of the “Garden Quarters” would be the most modernist of all. And it turned out just that way: while adhering to the common design code, the building successfully combines brick and white stone, rhythmically responding to the neighboring building designed by Ostozhenka, yet tactfully and persistently making a few statements of its own. This includes the projection of the ideal urban development composition “14–9–6”, which can be found right next door, mathematical calculations, including those for various types of terraces (and perhaps the only reminder of the Soviet past of the Kauchuk rubber factory!), and the white “cross-stitch” pattern of the façade grid.
Domus Aurea
In this issue, we examine the “Tessinsky-1” house, designed by Sergey Skuratov and completed in 2023. Located in the middle of the Serebryanicheskaya Embankment district, at the intersection of its main streets, this house assumes a sort of “nodal” role: it not only responds to everything around it and preserves many memories of the former EMA factory within itself, but it weaves all this into a newly directed pattern, reconciling bright “gold” and dark-colored brick, largely with the help of the new, modern-yet-archaic Columba brick, which, come to think about it, is the most precious element here.
The Chimney of Nikola-Lenivets
In this issue, we are examining the “Obelisk House” designed by KATARSIS and built for the Arkhstoyanie 2023 festival. However, it was only finished later on, and this is why we are examining it now. It seems to us that after the “Obelisk House” appeared in Nikola-Lenivets, a dialogue and a few inner connections appeared between the temporary structures built here. These houses no longer look like “accidental neighbors”, more of which below.
​Periscope by the Bay
The jury awarded the second place in the competition for a public and cultural center in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky to the companies GORA (“Mountain”) and M4. In the consortium’s proposal, the building resembles a sperm whale with a calf swimming next to it or a periscope, whose lenses capture the most spectacular views from the surrounding landscape.
From Arcs to Dolmens
While working on the competition project for Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, ASADOV Architects prioritized the value of the natural and urban environment, aiming to preserve the balance of the location while minimizing the resemblance of the volume that they designed to a “traditional building”. The task was challenging, and the architects created three versions, one of which having been developed after the competition, where their main proposal took third place. However, the point of interest here is not the competition result but the continuity of creative thinking.
Hide and Seek
The ID Moskovskiy house, designed by Stepan Liphart in St. Petersburg, in the courtyards near Moskovskiy Avenue beyond the Obvodny Canal and recently completed, is notable for several reasons. Firstly, it has been realized with considerable accuracy, which is particularly significant as this is the first building where the architect was responsible not only for the facades but also for the layouts, allowing for better integration between the two. On the other hand, this building is interesting as an example of the “germination” of new architecture in the city: it draws on the best examples from the neighborhood and becomes an improved and developed sum of ideas found by the architect in the surrounding context.
The Big Twelve
Yesterday, the winners of the Moscow Mayor’s Architecture Award were announced and honored. Let’s take a look at what was awarded and, in some cases, even critique this esteemed award. After all, there is always room for improvement, right?
Above the Golden Horn
The residential complex “Philosophy” designed by T+T architects in Vladivostok, is one of the new projects in the “Golubinaya Pad” area, changing its development philosophy (pun intended) from single houses to a comprehensive approach. The buildings are organized along public streets, varying in height and format, with one house even executed in gallery typology, featuring a cantilever leaning on an art object.
Nuanced Alternative
How can you rhyme a square and space? Easily! But to do so, you need to rhyme everything you can possibly think of: weave everything together, like in a tensegrity structure, and find your own optics too. The new exhibition at GES-2 does just that, offering its visitor a new perspective on the history of art spanning 150 years, infused with the hope for endless multiplicity of worlds and art histories. Read on to see how this is achieved and how the exhibition design by Evgeny Ace contributes to it.
Blinds for Ice
An ice arena has been constructed in Domodedovo based on a project by Yuri Vissarionov Architects. To prevent the long façade, a technical requirement for winter sports facilities, from appearing monotonous, the architects proposed the use of suspended structures with multidirectional slats. This design protects the ice from direct sunlight while giving the wall texture and detail.