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​A Hill behind the Wall

The master plan of a new residential area in Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, developed by the Genplan Institute of Moscow with the participation of Kengo Kuma & Associates, is based on the complexities and advantages of the relief of the foothills: the houses are arranged in cascades, and multi-level improvement penetrates all the blocks, continuing in forest trails.

16 January 2023
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This year, the Genplan Institute of Moscow has completed work on the master plan and land use and development regulations for Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, determining the city’s development strategy for the next 20 years. The residential complex “Uyun Park”, designed for 10,000 residents, is part of this strategy. Accordingly, the master plan was developed with serious analysis behind it and an understanding of the needs of the agglomeration’s residents.

Maxim Vikulin, the head of architectural and planning office

We worked on the master plan for the entire city and, thus, participated in all stages of designing the future area. We had a good understanding of the role of the location, as well as transportation, geological, and natural conditions. We had a comprehensive picture of the area that pointed to the opportunities and directions for development.


Uyun area
Copyright: © Genplan Institute of Moscow, PIK project


Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk is sandwiched between two mountain ranges and stretches from north to south. The micro-district “Uyun Park”, named after the nearby Uyunovka River, will be located on the city’s northeastern outskirts, where the urban environment gradually dissolves into industrial buildings, fences, and siding, and the plain gives way to forest-covered foothills. It is the natural and impressive beauty of these foothills that becomes the value that the authors of the project are focusing on.

Strangely enough, Uyun will become one of the few, and certainly the largest, complexes built on the relief in the city, with a significant elevation difference of 150 meters on the site. When the concept was still in the development stage, the client invited the Japanese bureau Kengo Kuma & Associates, which suggested grouping the houses into three tiers: the lowermost one was named “Forest Garden”, the middle one “Steps”, and the upper one “Stone Garden”.

Uyun area
Copyright: © Genplan Institute of Moscow, PIK project


The Genplan Institute of Moscow further fine-tuned the arrangement of the houses on these tiers, of which there will be just over 40, in accordance with the site’s limitations, including seismic activity, ground waters, possible landslides, and complex insolation. “Forest Garden” is located on the plain and consists of several clusters of towers 17 floors high. “Steps” consist of multi-sectional plate houses with 12 floors. “Stone Garden” consists of houses with a more complex silhouette and accents up to 12 floors high. Thus, as the relief height increases, the number of floors decreases, and the maximum number of apartments receives views of hills, valleys, forests, and the city.

Alexander Kotenkov, Genplan Institute of Moscow

The main challenge of this project was dealing with the complex natural conditions, the relief being the main one of them. Already at the stage of planning, issues related to vertical planning and engineering protection of the territory were thoroughly worked out. The planning structure of the block, due to the unique natural environment of Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, turned out to be non-standard and not typical for the typology of the PIK Group development.


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    Uyun area
    Copyright: © Genplan Institute of Moscow, PIK project
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    Uyun area
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    Uyun area
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    Uyun area
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Each tier has a standalone kindergarten and a shared school with a stadium that can accommodate 1,800 students. The school building has the potential to become a significant landmark for the area: the 40-meter elevation difference on the selected site suggests a complex vertical layout that can result in an expressive architectural form. Whatever the outcome may be, the building’s integration into the relief and the absence of obstructive construction will allow children to have daily contact with a highly aesthetic environment: it will be enough to look out the window or play ball during the sports periods.

Uyun area
Copyright: © Genplan Institute of Moscow, PIK project


All the tiers are connected by a serpentine road, along which the architects place multi-level garages – underground parking lots would have been impractical and costly in such relief and hydrological conditions. Given the high level of motorization in Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, where families often have two cars – one for the city and one for the countryside – and a limited number of open parking spaces, garages will be in demand among future residents. For the residents’ convenience, public transport stops are also provided and located at a comfortable distance.

Uyun area
Copyright: © Genplan Institute of Moscow, PIK project


The free placement of houses and the absence of thoroughfares leave space for extensive home territories. They flow into each other and form not the usual closed courtyards, but rather a unified park area that runs through the entire area from the lower to the upper levels. Originally, it was planned to preserve the stream located on the site so that it could become the axis of recreational space, but the idea had to be abandoned due to engineering safety considerations.

The relief of the area provides diverse landscaping opportunities – the architects plan to fill the “yards” with amphitheaters, terraces, hills, and climbing areas. Both active and quiet walking areas are envisaged, as well as places for work and sheltered spaces. Importantly, the environment is barrier-free – steps, thresholds, and curbs are absent or duplicated by ramps, and all inclines are based on norms oriented towards people with limited mobility. Bike paths will also be laid along the wide sidewalks. The network of cross-links will make it possible to shorten the distance.

Uyun area
Copyright: © Genplan Institute of Moscow, PIK project


The green framework of the area is connected to forest trails and routes that lead to hills, waterfalls, rivers, and other natural attractions. Going for a walk from home, in ten minutes one can find themselves in a beautiful and quite wild forest. This kind of leisure activity is familiar to city dwellers: hiking, trekking, and skiing are popular here.

The absence of large public facilities in the area is compensated by the “commercial contour” of the ground floors of the buildings and is explained by the scale of Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk: it takes 30 minutes to get to the airport, which is located at the opposite end of the city. In addition, the complex will undoubtedly give an impulse to the development of neighboring areas. Moreover, in accordance with the city’s master plan, a large investment project “Agropark” will be implemented on the adjacent territory, and recreational areas will appear, which will allow us to speak about a new multifunctional center of the city with jobs and points of attraction.
Uyun area
Copyright: © Genplan Institute of Moscow, PIK project


16 January 2023

Headlines now
Living in the Architecture of One’s Own Making
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A City Block Isoline
Another competition project for a residential complex on the banks of the Volga in Nizhny Novgorod has been prepared by Studio 44. A team of architects led by Ivan Kozhin concluded that using a regular block layout in such a location would be inappropriate and developed a “custom design” approach: a chain of parceled multi-section buildings stretching along the entire embankment. Let’s explore the features and advantages of this unconventional method.
Competition: The Price of Creativity?
Any day now, we’re expecting the results of a competition held by the “Samolet” development group for a plot in Kommunarka. In the meantime, we share the impressions of Editor-in-Chief Julia Tarabarina, who managed to conduct a public talk. Though technically focused on the interaction between developers and architects, the public talk turned into a discussion about the pros and cons of architectural competitions.
Terraced Design
The “River Park” residential complex has confidently and securely shaped the Nagatinsky Backwater shoreline. Featuring a public embankment, elevated courtyards connected by pedestrian bridges, and brick façades, the development invites exploration of its nuanced response to the surrounding context, as well as hints of the architects’ megalithic design thinking.
A Kremlin’s Core and Meteorite Fragments
We continue our coverage of the competition projects for the residential district that the development company GloraX plans to build along the embankment of the Rowing Channel in Nizhny Novgorod. ASADOV Architects approached the concept through a deep dive into local identity, using storytelling to pinpoint a central idea for the design: the master plan and composition are imagined as if a meteorite had struck a “proto-Kremlin”. Sounds weird? Find more details below!
The Volga Regatta
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A New Track
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Four Different Surveys
The “Explore the City” competition, organized this year by the Genplan Institute of Moscow, stands out as a pretty unconventional one for the architectural field but aligns perfectly well with the character of urban planning work. The winning project analyzed contemporary residential complexes, combining urban planning insights with a realtor’s perspective to propose a hybrid approach. Other entries explored public centers, motivations for car ownership, and housing vacancy rates. A fifth participant withdrew. Here’s a closer look at the four completed works.
Scheduled Evolution
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The Golden Crown
The concept for a dental clinic in Yekaterinburg, developed by CNTR Studio, revolves around the idea of a “mouth full of gold”: pristine white porcelain stoneware walls are complemented by matte brass details. To avoid an overly literal interpretation, the architects focused on the building’s proportions, skillfully navigating between sunlight requirements and fire safety regulations.
Flexibility and Integration
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A Step Forward
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Gold in the Sands
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Layers and Levels of Flight
This project goes way back – Reserve Union won this architectural competition at the end of 2011, and the building was completed in 2018, so it’s practically “archival”. However, despite being relatively unknown, the building can hardly be considered “dated” and remains a prime example of architectural expression, particularly in the headquarters genre. And it’s especially fitting for an aviation company office. In some ways, it resembles the Aeroflot headquarters at Sheremetyevo but with its own unique identity, following the signature style of Vladimir Plotkin. In this article, we take an in-depth look at the United Aircraft Corporation (UAC) headquarters in the Moscow agglomeration town of Zhukovsky, supplemented by recent photographs from Alexey Naroditsky – a shoot that became only recently possible due to the fact that improvements were finally made in the surrounding area.
Light and Shadow
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Casus Novae
A master plan was developed for a large residential area with a name of “DNS City”, but now that its implementation began, the plan has been arbitrarily reformatted and replaced with something that, while similar on the surface, is actually quite different. This is not the first time such a thing happens, but it’s always frustrating. With permission from the author, we are sharing Maria Elkina’s post.
Treasure Hunting
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Depths of the Earth, Streams of Water
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Fir Tree Dynamics
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​A Brick Shell
In the process of designing a clubhouse situated among pine trees in a prestigious suburban area near Moscow, the architectural firm “A.Len” did the façade design part. The combination of different types of brick and masonry correlates with the volumetric and plastique solutions, further enhanced by the inclusion of wood-painted fragments and metal “glazing”.
Word Forms
ATRIUM architects love ambitious challenges, and for the firm’s thirtieth anniversary, they boldly play a game of words with an exhibition that dives deep into a self-created vocabulary. They immerse their projects – especially art installations – into this glossary, as if plunging into a current of their own. You feel as if you’re flowing through the veins of pure art, immersed in a universe of vertical cities, educational spaces – of which the architects are true masters – and the cultural codes of various locations. But what truly captivates is the bold statement that Vera Butko and Anton Nadtochy make, both through their work and this exhibition: architecture, above all, is art – the art of working with form and space.
Flexibility and Acuteness of Modernity
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Yuri Vissarionov: “A modular house does not belong to the land”
It belongs to space, or to the air... It turns out that 3D printing is more effective when combined with a modular approach: the house is built in a workshop and then adapted to the site, including on uneven terrain. Yuri Vissarionov shares his latest experience in designing tourist complexes, both in central Russia and in the south. These include houseboats, homes printed from lightweight concrete using a 3D printer, and, of course, frame houses.
​Moscow’s First
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Looking at the Water
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The White Wing
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Urban Dunes
The XSA Ramps team designed and built a three-part sports hub for a park in Rostov-on-Don, welcoming people of all ages and fitness levels. The skate plaza, pump track, and playground are all meticulously crafted with details that attract a diverse range of visitors. The technical execution of the shapes and slopes transforms this space into a kind of sculptural composition.
Proportional Growth
The project for the fourth phase of the ÁLIA residential area has been announced. The buildings are situated on an elongated plot – almost a “ray” that shoots out from the center of the area towards the river. Their layout reflects both a response to Moscow’s architectural preferences over the past 15 years, shifting “from blocks to towers”, and an interpretation of the neighboring business park designed by SOM. Additionally, the best apartments here are not located at the very top but closer to the middle, forming a glowing “waistline”.
The “Staircase” Building
In designing the “Details” residential complex in New Moscow, Rais Baishev spiced up the now-popular Moscow theme of a “courtyard” building with an idea drawn from the surrealist drawings by Maurits Escher. He envisioned the stepped silhouettes and descending slopes as a metaphysical mega-staircase, creating a key void within the courtyard that gave the project an internal “spine”. This concept is felt both in the building’s silhouette and on its façades.
Projection of the Quarter
No one doubted that the building that Vladimir Plotkin designed as part of the “Garden Quarters” would be the most modernist of all. And it turned out just that way: while adhering to the common design code, the building successfully combines brick and white stone, rhythmically responding to the neighboring building designed by Ostozhenka, yet tactfully and persistently making a few statements of its own. This includes the projection of the ideal urban development composition “14–9–6”, which can be found right next door, mathematical calculations, including those for various types of terraces (and perhaps the only reminder of the Soviet past of the Kauchuk rubber factory!), and the white “cross-stitch” pattern of the façade grid.