По-русски

A Single-Industry Town

Kola MMC and Nornickel are building a residential neighborhood in Monchegorsk for their future employees. It is based on a project by an international team that won the 2021 competition. The project offers a number of solutions meant to combat the main “demons” of any northern city: wind, grayness and boredom.

20 December 2023
Object
mainImg
Monchegorsk is a single-industry town that was formed back in 1937 due to the discovery of copper and nickel deposits and the opening of the Kola Mining and Metallurgical Company, which is now part of Nornickel. Until recently, this place was a bit scary to live in: industrial emissions caused the concentration of sulfur compounds and other substances in the air to be such that hectares of forest on the leeward side were dying. However, Nornickel is gradually modernizing its production, making it more environmentally friendly, and shifting towards “white metallurgy”. For example, in 2021, the copper shop in Monchegorsk was shut down to be replaced with a new copper refining plant; its environmental impact is expected to be minimal.

To attract specialists for the new production facility, Nornickel plans to build housing of its own. Two years ago, a competition was held for the project. We told you about the competition quite a long time ago, and now we have an opportunity to take a closer look at the winning project – it has some interesting solutions in it. The authors of the project are a consortium of NIIPI Gradplan of Moscow, Dialectica (Spectrum Group) and the Dutch company Atelier PRO.

Metallurgists in the tundra

The name of the city comes from the Sami word “moncha”, which means “beautiful”, but this definition so far refers exclusively to the surrounding nature. Monchegorsk is located far above the Arctic Circle, between the Lapland Reserve and Lake Bolshaya Imandra, in the Monchetundra and Chunatundra mountain ranges. It is surrounded by hills and rocks, rivers and lakes.

Monchegorsk itself essentially consists of the Kola MMC, which occupies almost a third of the city, five-story Khrushchev-era buildings and wide streets blown through by an icy wind. There are also many water bodies within the city limits – lakes of various sizes and, again, the Moncha River. The neighborhood of the natural and man-made is reflected in the names of the streets: near Metallurgov Avenue and Nickel Highway there are Moroshkovaya (a kind of local berry) and Lesnaya (“Forest”) Streets.

The residential complex will occupy a plot of land that is now empty and divides the established neighborhoods. It is planned to build a cultural and leisure center and an ice arena in the same quarter – the city is very fond of sports. There are a lot of trees growing on the site; on three sides it is surrounded by water bodies, which gives ample opportunities for the arrangement of recreational areas. If all the projects are implemented, the site will claim the status of a central location, including in terms of concentration of public functions – which will be the right thing, as it is located in the layout center of Monchegorsk.

Each consortium member had its own tasks. NIIPI Gradplan was in charge of territory planning, while Dialectica, together with Atelier PRO, was responsible for the master plan and architecture. Spectrum Group, of which Dialectica is a part, helped with the structural design, soil studies, insolation and the “wind blowing” factor, which played a role in the jury’s choice of this project. It takes into account the main “challenges” of the city: icy winds, monotonous buildings and lack of public spaces.

Against the wind

One of the significant factors that influenced the layout of the neighborhood was the wind, which affects the residents of Monchegorsk. Because of this, the authors immediately turned to perimeter development and placed a kindergarten and a school in the center of the future micro-district, thus creating an area protected from the wind and endowed with urban significance: the school is planned to be used as a community center during extracurricular hours, and events for children and adults will be held there.

Luckily, there are no through streets where the wind could pick up any serious speed, the air flows are crushed by the frontal buildings of the outer perimeter, while inside they are separated and regulated by stylobates. On the other hand, it was necessary not only to protect the interior spaces from the wind, but also to ensure constant ventilation: since, as we remember, the ecological situation in the city is still far from ideal, it is important to avoid stagnation of industrial emissions. For ventilation, air corridors were provided, which are planned to be formed with the help of natural terrain, minor architectural objects, and green spaces.

After all the preliminary calculations – and this is where it gets interesting – modern technologies were involved: Spectrum Group “blew” the layout options in the Ansys software environment until it calmed down the air flows in all pedestrian spaces and courtyards. The calculations also involved the insolation factor – the architects started by making a “shadow map” of the city, which helped them to determine the best location of residential facades and playgrounds; parking lots and covered pavilions were also placed on shaded areas.

Our task was to offer a comfortable and compact urban environment, designed for pedestrian accessibility of services and social infrastructure, with a highly developed system of public spaces, and with a recognizable urban silhouette and eye-catching highlights. At the same time, we had to take into account the specifics of the climate and environmental situation, minimize the negative aspects, and enhance the positive ones. This approach will create a synergetic effect that can attract potential new residents and reduce population decline. Calculations to increase the economic potential of territories are one of the important skills of the consortium’s specialists.

I think our solution could become an example of developing Arctic single-industry towns according to the methodology of reducing the impact of harsh climatic conditions – and at the same time designing a modern image.


The architects also took into account the landscape features, height differences and existing surroundings – primarily the Umka sports complex to the north of the site and the Magnit supermarket to the south.

Architectural and urban planning concept of a micro-district in Monchegorsk. Axonometry of the project proposal
Copyright: © NIIPI Gradplan of Moscow, Dialectica Spectrum, Atelier PRO


Architectural and urban planning concept of a micro-district in Monchegorsk. Scheme of transportation service of the territory
Copyright: © NIIPI Gradplan of Moscow, Dialectica Spectrum, Atelier PRO


The houses are grouped into several residential clusters that form the outer contour of streets, large courtyards and a system of internal public spaces – streets, little parks, sports facilities, and playgrounds. The heart of the neighborhood is a spacious central square next to the school and kindergarten, a place for meetings and celebrations, as well as lessons or exercising in the fresh air. Another preschool facility is “hiding” in the stylobate of the corner block, the center of which is “carved out” to host a playground. An amphitheater staircase leads here, oriented towards the main square.

Architectural and urban planning concept of a micro-district in Monchegorsk.
Copyright: © NIIPI Gradplan of Moscow, Dialectica Spectrum, Atelier PRO


Architectural and urban planning concept of a micro-district in Monchegorsk.
Copyright: © NIIPI Gradplan of Moscow, Dialectica Spectrum, Atelier PRO


Against the grayness

Another peculiarity of Monchegorsk is the monotonous uniformity of the existing buildings, which is further aggravated by overcast weather and polar night. For this reason, the authors turned to the idea of colored sections of houses: by changing the height, configuration and finish of the facades, as well as the coloristic solution, it is possible to mitigate the perceived scale and come to the desired diversity of the environment. In another place, the “gingerbread-like” quality of some angles might seem excessive, but the garishness is offset here by monochrome inclusions and the structure common to all the neighborhoods: there is a first floor gallery, there are variations for the “body” of the building, and there is an increased height of the last floor with a usually pitched roof. And in general, in Monchegorsk, where gray prevails on the streets, the eye wants to rest on something colorful.

  • zooming
    1 / 4
    Architectural and urban planning concept of a micro-district in Monchegorsk.
    Copyright: © NIIPI Gradplan of Moscow, Dialectica Spectrum, Atelier PRO
  • zooming
    2 / 4
    Architectural and urban planning concept of a micro-district in Monchegorsk.
    Copyright: © NIIPI Gradplan of Moscow, Dialectica Spectrum, Atelier PRO
  • zooming
    3 / 4
    Architectural and urban planning concept of a micro-district in Monchegorsk.
    Copyright: © NIIPI Gradplan of Moscow, Dialectica Spectrum, Atelier PRO
  • zooming
    4 / 4
    Architectural and urban planning concept of a micro-district in Monchegorsk.
    Copyright: © NIIPI Gradplan of Moscow, Dialectica Spectrum, Atelier PRO


Each residential cluster – there are seven of them in total – received its own reception and name. For example, “City of Five Lakes” is characterized by houses with pitched roofs and two-level courtyard space; “Russian North” has predominantly light-colored finishes with wooden accents.

“Fishermen’s Village” and “Scandinavia” are not enclosed in a block, but consist of separate sections resting on a stylobate – each has a color of its own; the houses are placed at bigger intervals, as they are closer to green areas.

When selecting shades, the architects were inspired by the nature of the Kola Peninsula: combinations of warm shades of forests, moss, dried grass and cold shades of rocks and lakes, emphasizing the contrast of warm and cold.

  • zooming
    1 / 6
    Architectural and urban planning concept of a micro-district in Monchegorsk.
    Copyright: © NIIPI Gradplan of Moscow, Dialectica Spectrum, Atelier PRO
  • zooming
    2 / 6
    Architectural and urban planning concept of a micro-district in Monchegorsk. Variability of architectural solution
    Copyright: © NIIPI Gradplan of Moscow, Dialectica Spectrum, Atelier PRO
  • zooming
    3 / 6
    Architectural and urban planning concept of a micro-district in Monchegorsk. Variability of architectural solutions
    Copyright: © NIIPI Gradplan of Moscow, Dialectica Spectrum, Atelier PRO
  • zooming
    4 / 6
    Architectural and urban planning concept of a micro-district in Monchegorsk. Functional levels
    Copyright: © NIIPI Gradplan of Moscow, Dialectica Spectrum, Atelier PRO
  • zooming
    5 / 6
    Architectural and urban planning concept of a micro-district in Monchegorsk. Fundamental solutions
    Copyright: © NIIPI Gradplan of Moscow, Dialectica Spectrum, Atelier PRO
  • zooming
    6 / 6
    Architectural and urban planning concept of a micro-district in Monchegorsk. Differentiation of housing types
    Copyright: © NIIPI Gradplan of Moscow, Dialectica Spectrum, Atelier PRO


The diversity of houses will also affect the apartment layouts. The climate does not allow adding front gardens to the first floors, but the upper floors have higher ceilings and mezzanine apartments. In total, there will be about 2000 apartments in the new microdistrict, the range of their typology proposed in the project is designed for different social groups.

Against boredom

Not only in Monchegorsk, but also in any small town, it can be difficult to find an alternative to going to the store as a leisure activity, so it was important to offer people different scenarios. As already mentioned, an ice arena is planned on the territory of the neighborhood, the Umka Sports and Recreation Center with a swimming pool is also located nearby, and the architects tried to satisfy other demands.

Architectural and urban planning concept of a micro-district in Monchegorsk. The basic section view of the first phase
Copyright: © NIIPI Gradplan of Moscow, Dialectica Spectrum, Atelier PRO


The entire area between the houses works as a public space: human-scale pedestrian shopping streets lead to a public garden or square. Commercial spaces are planned in the first floors: cafes, stores, pharmacies, beauty salons, bank branches, as well as a children’s medical center, co-working space, media center, social and sports clubs. Since all residents of the neighborhood will work at the same enterprise and most likely will have common interests, it was necessary to provide a place for informal, yet at the same time corporate communication.

The community center located in the stylobate of the residential cluster of the first stage of the City of Five Lakes became such a place. Its space is aimed at residents of the new district, but it will also be open to all residents of Monchegorsk. The community center is complemented by mini-zones for residents to socialize: somewhere they are located in the stylobates, and sometimes in the upper floors, the very ones with high ceilings.

Architectural and urban planning concept of a micro-district in Monchegorsk. Scenarios of territory development
Copyright: © NIIPI Gradplan of Moscow, Dialectica Spectrum, Atelier PRO


Improvement of the territory around the neighborhood will give the residents of the city an opportunity to take long walks, do sports and contemplate the discreet but expressive nature of the Polar region. In the north and east, where the houses are adjacent to water bodies, a natural park with observation platforms, approaches to the water and infrastructure for active recreation on the water is proposed, such as a kite station, which, thanks to the wind and snow cover, can operate all year round. The cultural and leisure center will be complemented by a garden with flowers of the far north and a pond that turns into a skating rink in winter. A bicycle path runs through the network of recreational spaces, and a cross-country ski trail appears in winter.

In addition to landscaping, as part of the competition's terms of reference, the team offered their thoughts on the direction of recreational development outside the design site, thus thinking through its connections with its surroundings.


Architectural and urban planning concept of a micro-district in Monchegorsk. Landscape and architectural organization of the territory
Copyright: © NIIPI Gradplan of Moscow, Dialectica Spectrum, Atelier PRO


20 December 2023

Headlines now
Living in the Architecture of One’s Own Making
Do architects design houses for themselves? You bet! In this article, we are examining a new book by TATLIN publishing house. This book – unprecedented for Russia – features 52 private homes designed and built by contemporary architects for themselves. It includes houses that are famous, even iconic, as well as lesser-known ones; large and small, stylish and eccentric. To some extent, the book reflects the history of Russian architecture over the past 30 years.
A City Block Isoline
Another competition project for a residential complex on the banks of the Volga in Nizhny Novgorod has been prepared by Studio 44. A team of architects led by Ivan Kozhin concluded that using a regular block layout in such a location would be inappropriate and developed a “custom design” approach: a chain of parceled multi-section buildings stretching along the entire embankment. Let’s explore the features and advantages of this unconventional method.
Competition: The Price of Creativity?
Any day now, we’re expecting the results of a competition held by the “Samolet” development group for a plot in Kommunarka. In the meantime, we share the impressions of Editor-in-Chief Julia Tarabarina, who managed to conduct a public talk. Though technically focused on the interaction between developers and architects, the public talk turned into a discussion about the pros and cons of architectural competitions.
Terraced Design
The “River Park” residential complex has confidently and securely shaped the Nagatinsky Backwater shoreline. Featuring a public embankment, elevated courtyards connected by pedestrian bridges, and brick façades, the development invites exploration of its nuanced response to the surrounding context, as well as hints of the architects’ megalithic design thinking.
A Kremlin’s Core and Meteorite Fragments
We continue our coverage of the competition projects for the residential district that the development company GloraX plans to build along the embankment of the Rowing Channel in Nizhny Novgorod. ASADOV Architects approached the concept through a deep dive into local identity, using storytelling to pinpoint a central idea for the design: the master plan and composition are imagined as if a meteorite had struck a “proto-Kremlin”. Sounds weird? Find more details below!
The Volga Regatta
GloraX plans to develop a residential complex spanning 14 hectares along the Volga River in Nizhny Novgorod. The winning design in a closed-door competition, created by GORA Architects, features housing typologies ranging from townhouses to terraced high-rise slabs, a balance of functions, diverse ways of engaging with the water, and even a dedicated island (no less!) for the city residents.
A New Track
We took a thorough look at D_Station, a railcar repair depot dating back to 1906, recently reconstructed while preserving its century-old industrial structure, upon the project by Sergey Trukhanov and T+T Architects. Though work on the interiors – set to house restaurants and public spaces – is still underway, the building’s exterior already offers plenty to see. Visitors can explore the blend of old and new brickwork, appreciate the architect’s unique interpretation of ruin aesthetics, and enjoy the newly built pedestrian route that connects the Citydel Business Center’s arches to Kazakova Street.
Four Different Surveys
The “Explore the City” competition, organized this year by the Genplan Institute of Moscow, stands out as a pretty unconventional one for the architectural field but aligns perfectly well with the character of urban planning work. The winning project analyzed contemporary residential complexes, combining urban planning insights with a realtor’s perspective to propose a hybrid approach. Other entries explored public centers, motivations for car ownership, and housing vacancy rates. A fifth participant withdrew. Here’s a closer look at the four completed works.
Scheduled Evolution
ASADOV Architects unveiled the EvyCenter pavilion, a microcultural hub for fostering personal growth, organizing workshops, and doing gymnastics. Additionally, this pavilion serves as a prototype for a scalable country house, drawing inspiration from the “Loskutok” project, and constructed from CLT panels in a factory. This marks the beginning of a developer project initiated by the architectural firm (sic!), which is seeking partners to expand both small Evy settlements and even larger Evy cities, which are, according to Andrey Asadov, aimed at fostering the “evolutionary” development of the people who will inhabit them.
The Golden Crown
The concept for a dental clinic in Yekaterinburg, developed by CNTR Studio, revolves around the idea of a “mouth full of gold”: pristine white porcelain stoneware walls are complemented by matte brass details. To avoid an overly literal interpretation, the architects focused on the building’s proportions, skillfully navigating between sunlight requirements and fire safety regulations.
Flexibility and Integration
Not long ago, we covered the project for the fourth phase of the ÁLIA residential complex, designed by APEX. Now, we’ve been shown different fence concepts they developed to enclose the complex’s private courtyards, incorporating a variety of public functions. We believe that the sheer fact that the complex’s architects were involved in such a detail as fencing speaks volumes.
A Step Forward
The HIDE residential complex represents a major milestone for ADM architects and their leaders Andrey Romanov and Ekaterina Kuznetsova in their quest for a fresh high-rise aesthetic – one that is flexible and layered, capable of bringing vibrancy to mass and silhouette while shaping form. Over recent years, this approach has become ADM’s “signature style”, with the golden HIDE tower playing a pivotal role in its evolution. Here, we delve into the project’s story, explore the details of the complex’s design, and uncover its core essence.
Gold in the Sands
A new office for a transcontinental company specializing in resource extraction and processing has opened in Dubai. Designed by T+T Architects, masters of creating spaces that are contemporary, diverse, flexible, and original, this project exemplifies their expertise. On the executive floor, a massive brass-clad partition dominates, while layered textures of compressed earth create a contextually resonant backdrop.
Layers and Levels of Flight
This project goes way back – Reserve Union won this architectural competition at the end of 2011, and the building was completed in 2018, so it’s practically “archival”. However, despite being relatively unknown, the building can hardly be considered “dated” and remains a prime example of architectural expression, particularly in the headquarters genre. And it’s especially fitting for an aviation company office. In some ways, it resembles the Aeroflot headquarters at Sheremetyevo but with its own unique identity, following the signature style of Vladimir Plotkin. In this article, we take an in-depth look at the United Aircraft Corporation (UAC) headquarters in the Moscow agglomeration town of Zhukovsky, supplemented by recent photographs from Alexey Naroditsky – a shoot that became only recently possible due to the fact that improvements were finally made in the surrounding area.
Light and Shadow
In this article, we delve into the architectural design of the “Chaika” house by DNK ag architects, which was recently completed in 2023 as part of the collection of signature designs at ZILArt. As is well-known, all the buildings in this complex follow a design code, yet each one is distinct. This particular building stands out not only for its whiteness and minimalism but also for the refined use of a limited number of techniques that, together, create what can confidently be called synergy.
Casus Novae
A master plan was developed for a large residential area with a name of “DNS City”, but now that its implementation began, the plan has been arbitrarily reformatted and replaced with something that, while similar on the surface, is actually quite different. This is not the first time such a thing happens, but it’s always frustrating. With permission from the author, we are sharing Maria Elkina’s post.
Treasure Hunting
The GAFA bureau, in collaboration with Tegola and Arkhitail, organized an expedition to the island of Kilpola in Karelia as part of Moskomarkhitektura’s “Open City” festival. There, amidst moss and rocks, the students sought answers to questions like: what is the sacred, where does it dwell, and what sustains it? Assisting the participants in this quest were landscape engineer Evgeny Levin, artist Nicholas Roerich, a moose, and the lack of cellular connection. Here’s how the story unfolded.
Depths of the Earth, Streams of Water
In the Malaya Okhta district, the Akzent building, designed by Stepan Liphart, was constructed. It follows a classic tripartite structure, yet it’s what you might call “hand-drawn”: each façade is unique in its form and details, some of which aren’t immediately noticeable. In this article, we explore the context and, together with the architect, delve into how the form was developed.
Fir Tree Dynamics
The “Airports of Region” holding is planning to build an airport in Karachay-Cherkessia, aiming to make the Arkhyz and Dombay resorts more accessible to travelers. The project that won in an invitation-only competition, submitted by Sergey Nikeshkin’s KPLN, blends natural imagery inspired by the shape of a conifer seed, open-air waiting spaces, majestic large trees, and a green roof elevated on needle-like columns. The result is both nature-inspired and WOW.
​A Brick Shell
In the process of designing a clubhouse situated among pine trees in a prestigious suburban area near Moscow, the architectural firm “A.Len” did the façade design part. The combination of different types of brick and masonry correlates with the volumetric and plastique solutions, further enhanced by the inclusion of wood-painted fragments and metal “glazing”.
Word Forms
ATRIUM architects love ambitious challenges, and for the firm’s thirtieth anniversary, they boldly play a game of words with an exhibition that dives deep into a self-created vocabulary. They immerse their projects – especially art installations – into this glossary, as if plunging into a current of their own. You feel as if you’re flowing through the veins of pure art, immersed in a universe of vertical cities, educational spaces – of which the architects are true masters – and the cultural codes of various locations. But what truly captivates is the bold statement that Vera Butko and Anton Nadtochy make, both through their work and this exhibition: architecture, above all, is art – the art of working with form and space.
Flexibility and Acuteness of Modernity
Luxurious, fluid, large “kokoshniks” and spiral barrel columns, as if made from colorful chewing gum: there seem to be no other mansion like this in Moscow, designed in the “Neo-Russian-Modern” style. And the “Teremok” on Malaya Kaluzhskaya, previously somewhat obscure, has “come alive with new colors” and gained visibility after its restoration for the office of the “architectural ecosystem” as the architects love to call themselves. It’s evident that Julius Borisov and the architects at UNK put their hearts into finding this new office and bringing it up to date. Let’s delve into the paradoxes of this mansion’s history and its plasticity. Spoiler: two versions of modernity meet here, both balancing on the razor’s edge of “what’s current”.
Yuri Vissarionov: “A modular house does not belong to the land”
It belongs to space, or to the air... It turns out that 3D printing is more effective when combined with a modular approach: the house is built in a workshop and then adapted to the site, including on uneven terrain. Yuri Vissarionov shares his latest experience in designing tourist complexes, both in central Russia and in the south. These include houseboats, homes printed from lightweight concrete using a 3D printer, and, of course, frame houses.
​Moscow’s First
“The quality of education largely depends on the quality of the educational environment”. This principle of the last decade has been realized by Sergey Skuratov in the project for the First Moscow Gymnasium on Rostovskaya Embankment in the Khamovniki district. The building seamlessly integrates into the complex urban landscape, responding both to the pedestrian flow of the city and the quiet alleyways. It skillfully takes advantage of the height differences and aligns with modern trends in educational space design. Let’s take a closer look.
Looking at the Water
The site of Villa Sonata stretches from the road to the water’s edge, offering its own shoreline, pier, and a picturesque river panorama. To reveal these sweeping views, Roman Leonidov “cut” the façade diagonally parallel to the river, thus getting two main axes for the house and, consequently, “two heads”. The internal core – two double-height spaces, a living room and a conservatory, with a “bridge” above them – makes the house both “transparent” and filled with light.
The White Wing
Well, it’s not exactly white. It’s more of a beige, white-stone structure that plays with the color of limestone – smoother surfaces are lighter, while rougher ones are darker. This wing unites various elements: it absorbs and interprets the surrounding themes. It responds to everything, yet maintains a cohesive expression – a challenging task! – while also incorporating recognizable features of its own, such as the dynamic cuts at the bottom, top, and middle.
Urban Dunes
The XSA Ramps team designed and built a three-part sports hub for a park in Rostov-on-Don, welcoming people of all ages and fitness levels. The skate plaza, pump track, and playground are all meticulously crafted with details that attract a diverse range of visitors. The technical execution of the shapes and slopes transforms this space into a kind of sculptural composition.
Proportional Growth
The project for the fourth phase of the ÁLIA residential area has been announced. The buildings are situated on an elongated plot – almost a “ray” that shoots out from the center of the area towards the river. Their layout reflects both a response to Moscow’s architectural preferences over the past 15 years, shifting “from blocks to towers”, and an interpretation of the neighboring business park designed by SOM. Additionally, the best apartments here are not located at the very top but closer to the middle, forming a glowing “waistline”.
The “Staircase” Building
In designing the “Details” residential complex in New Moscow, Rais Baishev spiced up the now-popular Moscow theme of a “courtyard” building with an idea drawn from the surrealist drawings by Maurits Escher. He envisioned the stepped silhouettes and descending slopes as a metaphysical mega-staircase, creating a key void within the courtyard that gave the project an internal “spine”. This concept is felt both in the building’s silhouette and on its façades.
Projection of the Quarter
No one doubted that the building that Vladimir Plotkin designed as part of the “Garden Quarters” would be the most modernist of all. And it turned out just that way: while adhering to the common design code, the building successfully combines brick and white stone, rhythmically responding to the neighboring building designed by Ostozhenka, yet tactfully and persistently making a few statements of its own. This includes the projection of the ideal urban development composition “14–9–6”, which can be found right next door, mathematical calculations, including those for various types of terraces (and perhaps the only reminder of the Soviet past of the Kauchuk rubber factory!), and the white “cross-stitch” pattern of the façade grid.