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Where Best Cars Belong

The project of reconstructing the model-making workshop of the ZIL plant into a Mercedes-Benz and Audi dealership is unique even by the standards of the legendary complex. It is planned that the workshop will be restored using the elements of the dismantled building that was erected back in the 1930’s. It will become a part of the “ZIL’s Gate”, viewable from the Third Ring Road. In addition, this building will be the only one that will keep the “automotive” function – at least to some extent.

14 September 2017
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The combined dealership of Audi and Mercedes-Benz, which is promising to become the largest one in Europe, is being built for the “Avilon” holding within the framework of “Park of Legends” cluster on the territory of the former ZIL automotive plant. Even by the ZIL standards, where today just about every project is a significant event in itself, this project of reconstructing the former model-making workshop will become, without exaggeration, an iconic one. First of all, unlike the other workshops under reconstruction, where the architects plan to organize theaters, shopping malls, and other public services, the model-making workshop is the only location in the legendary ensemble of soviet industrial architecture that will keep the memory of the former function of this place. It is this very building that, back in the day, saw new automobiles being designed, it is here that the final bodywork was done, and then the cars were forwarded to be retailed – even considering the embarrassing difference between the production of the Soviet and the German automotive industries, the continuity of tradition is obvious in this case.

And, second of all, in accordance with the master plan of the plant developed in 1933 by the “First Architecture and Design Workshop of Narkomtyazhprom” headed by the Vesnins brothers, the workshop building, stretching along the Avtozavodskaya Street (which is now in fact a segment of the Third Transport Ring), together with the instrumental workshop, served as the ZIL’s grand entrance. It is here that the plant’s central inner thoroughfare started that was formed by the buildings of the main workshops, each of which today bears the status of a monument of industrial constructivist architecture. Due to the fact that it was decided to leave the layout structure of the plant intact as an architectural heritage site, the ex-workshop will also retain its “grand entrance” function.

Dealership center of Mercedes-Benz and Audi on the territory of ZIL Plant. Project, 2016 © Kleinewelt Architekten
Dealership center of Mercedes-Benz and Audi on the territory of ZIL Plant. Project, 2016 © Kleinewelt Architekten


Dealership center of Mercedes-Benz and Audi on the territory of ZIL Plant. Project, 2016 © Kleinewelt Architekten


The original building of the workshop itself – just like most of the other constituent parts of the grandiose ensemble – did not survive into the present. A historian of architecture, Denis Romodin, notes: “Regretfully, the dilapidation of the building was significant because for the last 12 years it was out of operation, neither was it treated for preservation. Besides, the function of the workshop was always changing, and the last reconstruction that took place in the 1970’s proved fatal to the building’s framework. Strengthening of the framework and further operation of the building were impossible”.

After careful measurement taking, the structure was almost completely dismantled by laser cutting, its parts carefully stored here on the plant territory.

Kleinewelt Architekten was invited to take part in the competition for the project development already after the previous task was elaborated. The architects are planning to use as many as possible of the surviving elements integrating them to the structure of the new building. The technologies for that are really cutting-edge, and the architects are in for a huge piece of work assembling this “construction set”, which requires pinpoint accuracy, but the ultimate goal of recreating the historical building maximally true to life is worth it. The new project will essentially be a rectangular five-story building with a six-story protrusion of a pylon, on a level with which the architects are planning to build a mansard structure on top of the building.

Dealership center of Mercedes-Benz and Audi on the territory of ZIL Plant. Project, 2016 © Kleinewelt Architekten


The new Mercedes-Benz and Audi center will include showrooms, trade-in and service centers, and all this is going to be doubled without copying each other even in tiny details by any means – this was the necessary condition stipulated by the two competing brands. “We, of course, have the experience of complex negotiations with our clients, with subcontractors, and with approval boards – shares one of the authors of the project Nikolai Pereslegin – but what a really complicated dialogue look like, we have understood just recently, in the course of getting all the appropriate approvals from Stuttgart and Ingolstadt, where the headquarters of the two automakers are situated”. The competitors got separated by an impenetrable wall, and not in the figurative but in the most literal sense of the word: the two parts of the building are separated by a huge firewall, and one will only be able to get from one showroom to the other by getting outside. Not a single detail inside will be repeated: if, for example, on the Audi side at some place there is a staircase, on the Mercedes-Benz side it’s going to be an escalator, and so on, this rule allowing for no exception. The separation starts as early as on the façade which is vertically divided by a broad cutaway running from top to bottom; the entrance portals, although designed in a single style, sport contrastive colors corresponding to the colors of the logos of the two automotive giants.

Dealership center of Mercedes-Benz and Audi on the territory of ZIL Plant. Project, 2016 © Kleinewelt Architekten


Dealership center of Mercedes-Benz and Audi on the territory of ZIL Plant. Project, 2016 © Kleinewelt Architekten


As far as the interior design is concerned, the authors produced a whole range of possible scenarios, meant to showcase the cars to their best advantage to potential customers. The “Avilon” company attaches a lot of importance to showcasing its product in a grand manner – it is enough to remember the Mercedes-Benz dealership on the Volgogradsky Avenue designed by “Asadov Architectural Bureau”. The local specifics of ZIL consists also in the fact that thanks to a large area of glazing, the future showroom will be maximally open to the city, or, to be more precise, to the Third Transport Ring, a large highway, upon which (if there is no traffic jams) the cars race at a 100 km per hour. “In this situation, our project (which we called among ourselves “Where best cars belong”) will be perceived as a single whole, like some kind of sculpture – says Nikolai Pereslegin – At the same time, the driver’s gaze must have the time, while tearing down the highway, to get hooked on something amazing – like the smartly backlit silhouettes of relic and new cars”. According to the architects, such thematic installation behind the restored stained glass windows of the model-making workshop will be an adequate homage to the great past of this legendary site.
Dealership center of Mercedes-Benz and Audi on the territory of ZIL Plant. In the process of construction, 2017 © Kleinewelt Architekten
Dealership center of Mercedes-Benz and Audi on the territory of ZIL Plant. In the process of construction, 2017 © Kleinewelt Architekten
Dealership center of Mercedes-Benz and Audi on the territory of ZIL Plant. In the process of construction, 2017 © Kleinewelt Architekten
Dealership center of Mercedes-Benz and Audi on the territory of ZIL Plant. In the process of construction, 2017 © Kleinewelt Architekten
Dealership center of Mercedes-Benz and Audi on the territory of ZIL Plant. In the process of construction, 2017 © Kleinewelt Architekten
Dealership center of Mercedes-Benz and Audi on the territory of ZIL Plant. In the process of construction, 2017 © Kleinewelt Architekten
Dealership center of Mercedes-Benz and Audi on the territory of ZIL Plant. In the process of construction, 2017 © Kleinewelt Architekten
Dealership center of Mercedes-Benz and Audi on the territory of ZIL Plant. Plan of the -1st floor. Project, 2016 © Kleinewelt Architekten
Dealership center of Mercedes-Benz and Audi on the territory of ZIL Plant. Plan of the 1st floor. Project, 2016 © Kleinewelt Architekten
Dealership center of Mercedes-Benz and Audi on the territory of ZIL Plant. Section view. Project, 2016 © Kleinewelt Architekten
Dealership center of Mercedes-Benz and Audi on the territory of ZIL Plant. Section view. Project, 2016 © Kleinewelt Architekten


14 September 2017

Headlines now
Office on Trubnaya
We continue publishing projects by Valery Kanyashin. A building once described, a quarter century ago, as an example of “quiet modernism” has remained just that in some people’s memory. According to Anatoly Belov, its main quality is its unobtrusiveness. The architects from Ostozhenka say the leading role here is played by context and landscape – the change in elevation. Yet is it really so inconspicuous?
In Memory of Valery Kanyashin
On Friday, February 27, architect Valery Kanyashin passed away – co-founder of Ostozhenka Architects and the author of many significant buildings in Moscow. We publish a text by Anatoly Belov in memory of Valery Kanyashin.
Hypertext in Space
As part of the exhibition “What We Have We (Do Not) Keep”, Sergey Tchoban, the Museum of Architecture, and the CHART studio experiment with an eco-conscious approach to exhibition design, with thematic cross-references and even with publicistic reflections on the necessity of preserving modernism, the roots of contemporary architecture, and the birth of ideas. All of this makes the exhibition, with its light and transparent design, look quite innovative. The elements – both “material” and conceptual – are familiar, yet their combination is far from conventional.
The Outline of “Foundation”
In their competition proposal for the Fili transport hub, the consortium led by Alexey Ilyin proposed an “inhabited arch” – a form that is simple yet complex. The architects emphasize that even at the competition stage, the project’s feasibility was fully calculated, taking into account the minimal nighttime closures of Bagration Avenue. How was this achieved? With what functions? Let us take a closer look. In our view, the building would have suited the heroes of Isaac Asimov’s Foundation novels perfectly.
The Flying Horizontal
“A house in the spirit of Wright”, as architect Roman Leonidov describes it, pointing to his source of inspiration, was built on a challenging wedge-shaped site. To achieve a sense of intimacy and secure good views from the windows, the entire volume had to be shifted toward the far boundary, turning the house “back” to the neighboring mansions. The main façade demonstrates time-tested techniques often employed by the company: articulated horizontals, a weightless roofline, and a triad of materials – light plaster, dark slate, and warm wood.
Needles of Horizon Contemplation
The “House of Horizons”, designed by Kleinewelt Architekten in Krylatskoye, is carefully thought out at the stereometric level – from the logic of how the volumes interlock (and, conversely, how gaps are articulated between them) to the triangular balconies that give the building its striking, slightly bristling silhouette.
The Red Thread
A linear park project prepared by Alexey Ilyin studio for the improvement of a riverbank in one of the residential districts seeks to reconnect people with nature. Two levels of the embankment invite visitors to contemplate the landscape while at the same time protecting the riverbank from excessive human impact. The “aerial street” links functional zones and the opposite banks, creating new points of attraction along the way: balconies, bridges, and even a “grotto”.
Spindle and Thread
The concept of the Waver residential complex in Yekaterinburg draws inspiration from the past of the Parkovy district. In order to preserve the memory of the late-19th-century flax spinning mill once located here, the architectural company KPLN turns to the theme of textiles and weaving. The project’s main expressive device is a system of ribbons made of perforated weathering steel – a material that, in such volumes, has arguably not yet been used in Russian residential projects.
Woven Into Sokolniki
Over the past few years, high-rise residential construction in former industrial zones has become the main theme of Moscow architecture. Towers are springing up here and there – but the question is what kind of towers they are. The residential complex CODE Sokolniki, designed by Ostozhenka Architects, is a project where every detail has been taken care of. The authors are attentive to the history of the site, the continuity of the urban fabric, the skyline, and visual corridors. They also proposed a motif with the lyrical name “scarf”. We take a closer look at the volumetric composition and the large-scale décor “woven”, in this case, out of terraces and balconies.
Stepan Liphart and Yuri Gerth: “Our Program Is Aesthetic”
The studio of Stepan Liphart, an architect known for his distinctive signature style and one-off projects, now has a partner. Yuri Khitrov, a specialist with a broad range of competencies, will take on the part of the work that distracts one from creativity but drives the business forward. One of the aims of this partnership is to improve the urban environment through dialogue with clients and officials. We spoke with both sides about their ambitions, the firm’s development strategy, shared values, and the need for pragmatism. And why the studio is called “Liphart & Gerth” only became clear at the very end of the interview.
The Copper Mirror
The varied-toned sheen of “unsealed” copper, painterly streaks and fingerprints, exposed concrete, and the unusual proportions – when you study the ZILART Museum building by Sergei Tchoban and SPEECH architects, there is plenty to talk about. However, it seems to us that the most interesting thing is how the museum’s composition responds to the realities of the district itself. The residential district has been realized as an open-air exhibition of façade statements by contemporary architects – but without public access to the inner courtyards of the blocks. This building – that is, the museum – is exactly the opposite: on the outside, it is deliberately restrained, while inside it shines spectacularly, creating its own sunbeams in any weather.
“Strangers” in the City
We asked Alexander Skokan for a comment on the results of 2025 – and he sent us a whole article, moreover one devoted to the discussion we recently began on the “appropriateness of high-rises” – or, more broadly speaking, “contrasting insertions into the urban fabric”. The result is a text that is essentially a question: why here? Why like this?
Dmitry Ostroumov: “To use the language of alchemy, we are involved in the process of “transmutation...
What we ended up having was an extremely unusual conversation with Dmitry Ostroumov. Why? At the very least, because he is not just an architect specializing in the construction of Orthodox churches. And not just – which is an extreme rarity – a proponent of developing contemporary stylistics within this still highly conservative field. Dmitry Ostroumov is a Master of Theology. So in addition to the history and specifics of the company, we speak about the very concept of the temple, about canon and tradition, about the living and the eternal, and even about the Russian Logos.
A Glazed Figurine
In searching for an image for a residential building near the Novodevichy Convent, GAFA architects turned to their own perception of the place: it evoked associations with antiquity, plein-air painting, and vintage artifacts. The two towers will be entirely clad in volumetric glazed ceramic – at present, there are no other buildings like this in Russia. The complex will also stand out thanks to its metabolic bay-window cells, streamlined surfaces, a ceremonial “hotel-style” driveway, and a lobby overlooking a lush garden.
A Knight’s Move via the Cour d’Honneur
Intercolumnium Architects presented to the City Planning Council a residential complex project that is set to replace the Aquatoria business center on Vyborgskaya Embankment. Experts praised the overall quality of the work, but expressed reservations about the three cour d’honneurs and suggested softening the contrast between the facades facing the embankment and the Kantemirovsky Bridge.
A Small Country
Mezonproekt is developing a long-term master plan for the MEPhI campus in Obninsk. Over the next ten years, an enclave territory of about 100 hectares, located in a forest on the northern edge of the city, is set to transform into a modern center for the development of the nuclear energy sector. The plan envisions attracting international students and specialists, as well as comprehensive territorial development: both through the contemporary realization of “frozen” plans from the 1980s and through the introduction of new trends – public spaces, an aquapark, a food court, a school, and even a nuclear medicine center. Public and sports facilities are intended to be accessible to city residents as well, and the campus is to be physically and functionally connected to Obninsk.
Pearl Divers
GAFA has designed an apartment complex for Derbent intended to switch people from a work mode to a resort mindset – and to give the surrounding area a much-needed jolt. The building offers two distinct faces: restrained and laconic on the city side, and a lushly ornate façade facing the sea. At the heart of the complex, a hidden pearl lies – an open-air pool with an arch, offering views of a starry sky, and providing direct access to the beach.
A Satellite Island
The Genplan Institute of Moscow has prepared a master plan for the development of the Sarpinsky and Golodny island system, located within the administrative boundaries of Volgograd and considered among the largest river islands in Russia. By 2045, the plan envisions the implementation of 15 large-scale investment projects, including sports and educational clusters, a congress center with a “Volgonarium”, a film production cluster, and twenty-one theme parks. We explain which engineering, environmental, and transportation challenges must be addressed to turn this vision into reality. The master plan solutions have already been approved and incorporated into the city’s general development plan.
The Amber Gate
The Amber City residential complex is one of the redevelopment projects in the former industrial area located beyond Moscow’s Third Ring Road near Begovaya metro station. Alexey Ilyin’s studio proposed an original master plan that transformed two clusters of towers into ceremonial propylaea, gave the complex a recognizable silhouette, and established visual connections with new high-rise developments on both right and left – thus integrating it into the scale of the growing metropolis. It is also marked by its own futuristic stylistic language, based on a reinterpreted streamline aesthetic.
A Theater Triangle
The architectural company “Chetvertoe Izmerenie” (“Fourth Dimension”) has developed the design for a new stage of the Magnitogorsk Musical Theater, rethinking not only theater architecture but also the role of the theater in the contemporary city.
Aleksei Ilyin: “I approach every task with genuine interest”
Aleksei Ilyin has been working on major urban projects for more than 30 years. He has all the necessary skills for high-rise construction in Moscow – yet he believes it’s essential to maintain variety in the typologies and scales represented in his portfolio. He is passionate about drawing – but only from life, and also in the process of working on a project. We talk about the structure and optimal size of an office, about his past and current projects, large and small tasks, and about creative priorities.
​A Golden Sunbeam
A compact brick-and-metal building in the growing Shukhov Park in Vyksa seems to absorb sunlight, transform it into yellow accents inside, and in the evening “give it back” as a warm golden glow streaming from its windows. It is, frankly, a very attractive building: both material and lightweight at the same time, with lightness inside and materiality outside. Its form is shaped by function – laconic, yet far from simple. Let’s take a closer look.
Architecton Awards
In 2025, the jury of the Architecton festival reviewed the finalist projects through live, open presentations held right in the exhibition hall – a rather engaging performance, and something rarely seen among Russian awards. It would be great if “Zodchestvo” adopted this format. Below, we present all the winning projects, including four special nominations.
Garden of Knowledge
UNK architects and UNK design created the interiors of the Letovo Junior campus, working together with NF Studio, which was responsible for developing the educational technology that takes into account the needs and perception of younger and middle school children.
The Silver Skates
The STONE Kaluzhskaya office quarter is accompanied by two residential towers, making the complex – for it is indeed a single ensemble – well balanced in functional terms. The architects at Kleinewelt gave the residential buildings a silvery finish to match the office blocks. How they are similar, how they differ, and what “Silver Skates” has to do with it – we explore in this article.
On the Dynastic Trail
The houses and townhouses of the “Tsarskaya Tropа” (“Czar’s Trail”) complex are being built in the village of Gaspra in Crimea – to the west and east of the palaces of the former grand-ducal residence “Ai-Todor”. One of the main challenges for the architects at KPLN, who developed the project, was to respond appropriately to this significant neighboring heritage. How this influenced the massing, the façades, and the way the authors work with the terrain is explored in our article.
A New Path
The main feature of the Yar Park project, designed by Sergey Skuratov for Kazan, is that it is organized along the “spine” of a multifunctional mall with an impressive multi-height atrium space in its middle. The entire site, both on the city side and the Kazanka River embankment, is open to the public. The complex is intended not to become “yet another fenced enclave” but, as urban planners say, a “polycenter” – a new point of attraction for the whole of Kazan, especially its northern part, made up of residential districts that until now have lacked such a vibrant public space. It represents a new urban planning approach to a high-density mixed-use development situated in the city center – in a sense, an “anti-quarter”. Even Moscow, one might say, doesn’t yet have anything quite like it. Well, lucky Kazan!
Beneath the Azure Sky
A depository designed by Studio 44 will soon be built in Kenozersky National Park to preserve and display the so-called “heavens” – ceiling structures characteristic of wooden churches in the Russian North, painted with biblical scenes. For each of these “heavens”, the architects created a volume corresponding in scale and dimensions to the original church interior. The result is a honeycomb-like composition, with modules derived directly from the historic monuments themselves, allowing visitors to view the icons from the historically accurate angle – from below, looking upward. How exactly this works is the subject of our story.