По-русски

From a Bird's Eye View

A complicated land site in the south district of the nation's capital: Nikita Biryukov designs a residential complex consisting of four almost New-York-style skyscrapers that still pay respect to the realities of Moscow.

28 April 2016
Object
mainImg

The project of four residential skyscrapers whose height rivals that of the giant towers of the Moscow City was created by the architects of Nikita Biryukov's "ABV Group" at the commission of "Northstar Development" for the land site lying between the Third Transport Ring and the Kanatchikovsky Proezd in the Donskoy District. The land site has no height restrictions whatsoever, so the buildings could rise as tall as the the architects pleased. On the other hand, the customer was very specific about the types of the apartment layouts: first of all, the architects were to figure out how to provide the top-quality views from the apartments and strike the people that would live here with the city panoramas - because the immediate surroundings of the complex cannot be called picturesque by any stretch of the imagination. 

Under the former Moscow government, the trapeze-shaped site with an area of some five hectares and encompassing estates 21 and 22, Unit 6, along the 5th Donskoy Proezd, was supposed to get built with retail stores and hotels but later on the city changed that function to become a residential one, reasoning that yet another shopping center would "complicate the already difficult" transport situation in this part of the Third Transport Ring. The few low-rise buildings that are there on the land site today will be demolished, people living in them today getting new housing - but still no beautiful things are expected to appear on the site anyway: quite near, there is a huge bulk of the power plant, an industrial park, and railroad warehouses - the only thing that the architects has left to do, as Nikita Biryukov puts it, was "selling the the views". And, in order to organize these panoramic views as efficiently as possible, the designers even went as far as renting a drone so as to get bird's eye views well ahead of getting down to actually designing the complex; thus, the views of the power plant were minimized as much as possible while still in the pre-design stage.

Multifunctional residential complex on the 5th Donskoy Proezd. 4 towers. Version 1 © ABV Group
Multifunctional residential complex on the 5th Donskoy Proezd. 4 towers. View from the Third Transport Ring. Project, 2015 © ABV Group


Multifunctional residential complex on the 5th Donskoy Proezd. 4 towers. View from the hospital side. Project, 2015 © ABV Group


Multifunctional residential complex on the 5th Donskoy Proezd. 4 towers. View from the power plant. Project, 2015 © ABV Group


The architects drew inspiration from the source of the super-tall skyscraper 432 Park Avenue in New York, the construction of which have been recently completed on Manhattan. This "perfect model" was in fact proposed to Nikita Biryukov by the customer but the architect had nothing against it: he is a huge fan of the immaculate shape of the 426-meter tower designed by Rafael Vignoli that its author himself proudly calls "an architectural breath of fresh air amidst the raunchy Manhattan skyscrapers". While the quadrant is the purest of all geometric shapes, the Vignoli project, let's say, pulls it up to become a cube: along the perimeter of each floor (square on the plan), there are twenty-four square 3x3 meter windows commanding the panoramas of New-York.

Of course, from the "ambition" standpoint, the "ABV Group" did not even hope to stand up to the level of the tallest condominium of the Eastern hemisphere: while 432 Park Avenue with its proverbially expensive apartments became the symbol of sky-high luxury way before its construction was ever completed, the complex on the 5th Donskoy Proezd was designed in the realities of the not-so-advantageous financial situation, and the economic conditions did play a part. So, nobody was speaking about making any embellishments to its shape due to the purely economic reasons which, in fact, matches the aesthetic credo of Nikita Biryukov who prefers "pure" architecture without any unnecessary "pop" additions. 

Multifunctional residential complex on the 5th Donskoy Proezd. 4 towers. Section view. Project, 2015 © ABV Group


In the course of the work, the company came up with eighteen versions of the project. Ultimately, with full approval from the customer, the architects settled on a set of four towers, two of them being 58 floors high, and another two - 74. Apart from the number of floors, the buildings are completely identical; such unification was also one of the original specifications. Rectangular on the plan, the towers are situated on the perimeter of the territory and perpendicular to the power plant and the Third Transport Ring (again, this was done in order to improve the sightseeing properties), framing the inside yard. The stylobate, the way we know it - a two-story volume occupied by retail stores - is only present on the Third Transport Ring side and functions as a buffer that separates the complex territory from the grime and the noise of the highway. Further on, in the direction of the center of the complex, at the expense of the height difference, the stylobate dives underground. It is planned that the underground part will contain everything that is necessary for the functioning of giant buildings: a two-level parking lot, technical and maintenance premises, as well as a spa complex and a medical center. In addition, there will be a separately standing nursery school in the yard.

Multifunctional residential complex on the 5th Donskoy Proezd. 4 towers. Master plan. Project, 2015 © ABV Group


Multifunctional residential complex on the 5th Donskoy Proezd. 4 towers. Version 2. Project, 2015 © ABV Group


Multifunctional residential complex on the 5th Donskoy Proezd. 4 towers. Version 2. Project, 2015 © ABV Group


Multifunctional residential complex on the 5th Donskoy Proezd. Plan of the 1st floor. Project, 2015 © ABV Group


The plastic solution of the towers is rather laconic. The silhouette of the soaring parallelepiped (the height of the 58-floor buildings reaches 217 meters, the 74-floor ones - 273 meters) only breaks away from the vertical line in two instances - it widens on the level of the fifth floors forming a cantilever, barely perceptible in the overall scale of the building, and then narrows in steps towards the top, these steps being situated on opposite sides of the building and at a different height as they go up. Such a solution, almost without making the shape of the building more complicated, visually takes the extra weight off the top of the skyscraper, making it look more dramatic without adding any unnecessary architectural details. According to Nikita Biryukov, "the main thing in this project was its floor plan that to a great extent conditioned the outlines of the building, while the façades were secondary to it". Nevertheless, the design of the façades, for the decoration of which the architects propose to use coating stone and decorative composite panels, manifests the authors' love of pure shapes in full effect. The combination of glass and panels of light and very light shades, the impeccable geometry of the rectangular window apertures, gathered into horizontal groups on the sides of the facade, and vertical groups on the side walls, the vertical elongated stained glass windows on the first floors - all this gives the impression of lightness, enhancing the soaring look of the towers. As far as more "down-to-earth" task are concerned - namely, organizing the spacious inner yard - here "ABV Group" also stayed true to itself and planned a comfortable yet laconic territory that is dissected into ostentatiously geometric zones. The yard is open on all sides for the exception, as was mentioned above, the side adjoining the Third Transport Ring: as Nikita Biryukov says, "the last thing the architects wanted to do was make a fortress out of it".

Multifunctional residential complex on the 5th Donskoy Proezd. 4 towers. Version 3. Project, 2015 © ABV Group


Multifunctional residential complex on the 5th Donskoy Proezd. 4 towers. Version 3. Project, 2015 © ABV Group


Multifunctional residential complex on the 5th Donskoy Proezd. 4 towers. Landscaping. Project, 2015 © ABV Group


Multifunctional residential complex on the 5th Donskoy Proezd. 4 towers. Landscaping. Project, 2015 © ABV Group


Multifunctional residential complex on the 5th Donskoy Proezd. 4 towers. Interior. Project, 2015 © ABV Group


zooming
Multifunctional residential complex on the 5th Donskoy Proezd. 4 towers. Interior. Project, 2015 © ABV Group


Multifunctional residential complex on the 5th Donskoy Proezd. Plan of the typical floor. Project, 2015 © ABV Group


If one is to look at the project, for example, from a bird's eye view, or, rather, through the lenses of the drone rented by the architects, he will be able to trace Nikita Biryukov's elegant towers enter into a dialogue with the not-so-remote skyscrapers of the Moscow City, watch the nearby high-rises get lost against their mighty background, and watch the power plant chimneys timidly cringe into the ground (there are also four of them, by the way). In spite of the numerous intermediate approvals that the authors got, the project of "ABV Group" will not be implemented. "Well - Nikita Biryukov shrugs - we, of course, are not Ivan Leonidov with his Narkomtyazhprom high-rise on the Red Square but let's say that now we will also have an incomplete skyscraper of our own!"



Multifunctional residential complex on the 5th Donskoy Proezd. 4 towers. View from the Gagarin Square. Project, 2015 © ABV Group
Multifunctional residential complex on the 5th Donskoy Proezd. 4 towers. Landscaping. Project, 2015 © ABV Group
Multifunctional residential complex on the 5th Donskoy Proezd. 4 towers. Landscaping. Project, 2015 © ABV Group
Multifunctional residential complex on the 5th Donskoy Proezd. Plan of the second floor. Project, 2015 © ABV Group


28 April 2016

Headlines now
Doubles Match
The architecture of the Tennis Palace built in Luzhniki Olympic Complex, designed by Arena Design Institute, was shaped by three factors: the proximity of the brutalist Druzhba Arena, the closeness of the Moskva River and the metro bridge overpass, as well as the specifics of the function – tennis courts require large spans, abundant light, yet at the same time protection from direct sunlight. The architects divided the building into several blocks, playing on contrast, which is further emphasized by the façades developed in collaboration with TPO Reserve and Vladimir Plotkin.
Microdynamics of Macroprocesses
Given the proximity of the multifunctional complex SOLOS to Sokolniki Park and to a major transport hub, Kleinewelt Architekten embedded in the design of the two high-rise towers a sense of dynamism more characteristic of natural phenomena than of man-made objects. Without the authors’ diagrams, this logic is not easy to decipher, although the eye immediately detects a pattern and tries to grasp it. It seems to us that one tower contains the impulse of a bud about to open, while the other evokes the movement of a lithospheric plate. Let us try to unravel it together.
The Space of Post-Cubism
Sergei Tchoban and Alexandra Sheiner, of Studio CHART, created for the exhibition of “post-cubist” sculpture by Beatrice Sandomirskaya – a talented and even “mainstream” artist, yet almost unknown even to art historians – a space akin to her sculptural language: solidly built, confidently stereometric, and subtly expressive. It curves, emphasizing the mass of the sculpture, envelops the viewer, and guides them from one perspective to another, from a generic “shrine” to a “Madonna”.
The Value of Open Space
For the site near the Barrikadnaya Metro Station, Sergey Skuratov developed five projects between 2020 and 2025. Two of them were ones that won the client’s invitation-only competitions. The fifth was recently selected by the Mayor of Moscow for implementation. The project is vivid and sculptural, expressive, eye-catching, and engaging – very much in line with the spirit of our time. And yet, this project is mid-rise rather than tall. In its northwestern part, near the metro and Druzhinnikovskaya Street, it shapes a comfortable urban environment. On the opposite side, it opens up, allowing sunlight into the courtyard and creating a spatial pause within the dense city fabric. How it is organized, what geometric principles underlie it, and why it takes this form – all this is explored in our article.
Coming From the Cold
The ArchBukhta Festival remains one of the few events in Russia where participants go through the entire process of creating an architectural object – from concept to construction. And they do so on the shores of Lake Baikal, in dedication to it. This year, GAFA took part and shared its experience: a local legend, a team-specific design code, friendship, as well as ice skating and endurance in freezing temperatures all contributed to gaining something more than just an award.
Symphony of Water and Brick
The Alter residential complex, designed by Stepan Liphart and built on a bend of the Okhta River, is an example of a “drawn house”: the number of original architectural details is virtually immeasurable. As a result, ribs, projections, and recesses create a picturesque silhouette even without a significant variation in height. Both composition and material respond to the proximity of the river and to the red-brick factory building dating back to the early 20th century. The project was also significantly shaped by recommendations from the city’s chief architect. More details in our article.
Wave and Vertical
The premium residential complex designed by GAFA for a site in the Khoroshevsky District responds to multiple constraints – the arc of a planned roadway, the water protection zone of the Khodynka River, and insolation requirements – through inventive massing. The composition is built on the interplay of two spatial layers: an elongated perimeter block and three towers concealed behind it generate the silhouette and key viewpoints, while also adding semantic depth reinforced by the façade solutions. Another defining feature is a large private courtyard, complemented by a citywide linear park.
Office on Trubnaya
We continue publishing projects by Valery Kanyashin. A building once described, a quarter century ago, as an example of “quiet modernism” has remained just that in some people’s memory. According to Anatoly Belov, its main quality is its unobtrusiveness. The architects from Ostozhenka say the leading role here is played by context and landscape – the change in elevation. Yet is it really so inconspicuous?
The First International
With this publication, we begin a series of texts dedicated to works by the late Valery Kanyashin, one of the founders of Ostozhenka Architects. As it happens, the projects he was involved in largely illustrate our understanding of the firm and its history. The first project in this series is the International Moscow Bank on Prechistenskaya Embankment.
In Memory of Valery Kanyashin
On Friday, February 27, architect Valery Kanyashin passed away – co-founder of Ostozhenka Architects and the author of many significant buildings in Moscow. We publish a text by Anatoly Belov in memory of Valery Kanyashin.
Hypertext in Space
As part of the exhibition “What We Have We (Do Not) Keep”, Sergey Tchoban, the Museum of Architecture, and the CHART studio experiment with an eco-conscious approach to exhibition design, with thematic cross-references and even with publicistic reflections on the necessity of preserving modernism, the roots of contemporary architecture, and the birth of ideas. All of this makes the exhibition, with its light and transparent design, look quite innovative. The elements – both “material” and conceptual – are familiar, yet their combination is far from conventional.
The Outline of “Foundation”
In their competition proposal for the Fili transport hub, the consortium led by Alexey Ilyin proposed an “inhabited arch” – a form that is simple yet complex. The architects emphasize that even at the competition stage, the project’s feasibility was fully calculated, taking into account the minimal nighttime closures of Bagration Avenue. How was this achieved? With what functions? Let us take a closer look. In our view, the building would have suited the heroes of Isaac Asimov’s Foundation novels perfectly.
The Flying Horizontal
“A house in the spirit of Wright”, as architect Roman Leonidov describes it, pointing to his source of inspiration, was built on a challenging wedge-shaped site. To achieve a sense of intimacy and secure good views from the windows, the entire volume had to be shifted toward the far boundary, turning the house “back” to the neighboring mansions. The main façade demonstrates time-tested techniques often employed by the company: articulated horizontals, a weightless roofline, and a triad of materials – light plaster, dark slate, and warm wood.
Needles of Horizon Contemplation
The “House of Horizons”, designed by Kleinewelt Architekten in Krylatskoye, is carefully thought out at the stereometric level – from the logic of how the volumes interlock (and, conversely, how gaps are articulated between them) to the triangular balconies that give the building its striking, slightly bristling silhouette.
The Red Thread
A linear park project prepared by Alexey Ilyin studio for the improvement of a riverbank in one of the residential districts seeks to reconnect people with nature. Two levels of the embankment invite visitors to contemplate the landscape while at the same time protecting the riverbank from excessive human impact. The “aerial street” links functional zones and the opposite banks, creating new points of attraction along the way: balconies, bridges, and even a “grotto”.
Spindle and Thread
The concept of the Waver residential complex in Yekaterinburg draws inspiration from the past of the Parkovy district. In order to preserve the memory of the late-19th-century flax spinning mill once located here, the architectural company KPLN turns to the theme of textiles and weaving. The project’s main expressive device is a system of ribbons made of perforated weathering steel – a material that, in such volumes, has arguably not yet been used in Russian residential projects.
From Ski Resorts to Year-Round Recreation Clusters
In mid-December, several architectural firms gathered to discuss a “seasonal” topic: the prospects for the development of domestic ski tourism. Where is modern infrastructure already in place, where do only remnants of the Soviet legacy remain, and where is there still nothing – but projects are underway and soon to be completed? This article explores these questions.
Woven Into Sokolniki
Over the past few years, high-rise residential construction in former industrial zones has become the main theme of Moscow architecture. Towers are springing up here and there – but the question is what kind of towers they are. The residential complex CODE Sokolniki, designed by Ostozhenka Architects, is a project where every detail has been taken care of. The authors are attentive to the history of the site, the continuity of the urban fabric, the skyline, and visual corridors. They also proposed a motif with the lyrical name “scarf”. We take a closer look at the volumetric composition and the large-scale décor “woven”, in this case, out of terraces and balconies.
Stepan Liphart and Yuri Gerth: “Our Program Is Aesthetic”
The studio of Stepan Liphart, an architect known for his distinctive signature style and one-off projects, now has a partner. Yuri Khitrov, a specialist with a broad range of competencies, will take on the part of the work that distracts one from creativity but drives the business forward. One of the aims of this partnership is to improve the urban environment through dialogue with clients and officials. We spoke with both sides about their ambitions, the firm’s development strategy, shared values, and the need for pragmatism. And why the studio is called “Liphart & Gerth” only became clear at the very end of the interview.
The Copper Mirror
The varied-toned sheen of “unsealed” copper, painterly streaks and fingerprints, exposed concrete, and the unusual proportions – when you study the ZILART Museum building by Sergei Tchoban and SPEECH architects, there is plenty to talk about. However, it seems to us that the most interesting thing is how the museum’s composition responds to the realities of the district itself. The residential district has been realized as an open-air exhibition of façade statements by contemporary architects – but without public access to the inner courtyards of the blocks. This building – that is, the museum – is exactly the opposite: on the outside, it is deliberately restrained, while inside it shines spectacularly, creating its own sunbeams in any weather.
“Strangers” in the City
We asked Alexander Skokan for a comment on the results of 2025 – and he sent us a whole article, moreover one devoted to the discussion we recently began on the “appropriateness of high-rises” – or, more broadly speaking, “contrasting insertions into the urban fabric”. The result is a text that is essentially a question: why here? Why like this?
Dmitry Ostroumov: “To use the language of alchemy, we are involved in the process of “transmutation...
What we ended up having was an extremely unusual conversation with Dmitry Ostroumov. Why? At the very least, because he is not just an architect specializing in the construction of Orthodox churches. And not just – which is an extreme rarity – a proponent of developing contemporary stylistics within this still highly conservative field. Dmitry Ostroumov is a Master of Theology. So in addition to the history and specifics of the company, we speak about the very concept of the temple, about canon and tradition, about the living and the eternal, and even about the Russian Logos.
A Glazed Figurine
In searching for an image for a residential building near the Novodevichy Convent, GAFA architects turned to their own perception of the place: it evoked associations with antiquity, plein-air painting, and vintage artifacts. The two towers will be entirely clad in volumetric glazed ceramic – at present, there are no other buildings like this in Russia. The complex will also stand out thanks to its metabolic bay-window cells, streamlined surfaces, a ceremonial “hotel-style” driveway, and a lobby overlooking a lush garden.
A Knight’s Move via the Cour d’Honneur
Intercolumnium Architects presented to the City Planning Council a residential complex project that is set to replace the Aquatoria business center on Vyborgskaya Embankment. Experts praised the overall quality of the work, but expressed reservations about the three cour d’honneurs and suggested softening the contrast between the facades facing the embankment and the Kantemirovsky Bridge.
Mountains, Groves, and Ancestral Towers
The year-round mountain resort Armkhi situated in Russia’s Republic of Ingushetia is positioned as a destination for calm family recreation and has well-established traditions shaped by its hundred-year history and the culture of the region. The development program prepared by the Genplan Institute of Moscow preserves the resort’s identity while expanding its offerings and introducing new types of tourist leisure. In the near future, the resort will feature a balneological center, a thermal complex, an interactive museum, an extreme park, and, of course, new ski slopes.
A Small Country
Mezonproekt is developing a long-term master plan for the MEPhI campus in Obninsk. Over the next ten years, an enclave territory of about 100 hectares, located in a forest on the northern edge of the city, is set to transform into a modern center for the development of the nuclear energy sector. The plan envisions attracting international students and specialists, as well as comprehensive territorial development: both through the contemporary realization of “frozen” plans from the 1980s and through the introduction of new trends – public spaces, an aquapark, a food court, a school, and even a nuclear medicine center. Public and sports facilities are intended to be accessible to city residents as well, and the campus is to be physically and functionally connected to Obninsk.
Pearl Divers
GAFA has designed an apartment complex for Derbent intended to switch people from a work mode to a resort mindset – and to give the surrounding area a much-needed jolt. The building offers two distinct faces: restrained and laconic on the city side, and a lushly ornate façade facing the sea. At the heart of the complex, a hidden pearl lies – an open-air pool with an arch, offering views of a starry sky, and providing direct access to the beach.
A Satellite Island
The Genplan Institute of Moscow has prepared a master plan for the development of the Sarpinsky and Golodny island system, located within the administrative boundaries of Volgograd and considered among the largest river islands in Russia. By 2045, the plan envisions the implementation of 15 large-scale investment projects, including sports and educational clusters, a congress center with a “Volgonarium”, a film production cluster, and twenty-one theme parks. We explain which engineering, environmental, and transportation challenges must be addressed to turn this vision into reality. The master plan solutions have already been approved and incorporated into the city’s general development plan.
The Amber Gate
The Amber City residential complex is one of the redevelopment projects in the former industrial area located beyond Moscow’s Third Ring Road near Begovaya metro station. Alexey Ilyin’s studio proposed an original master plan that transformed two clusters of towers into ceremonial propylaea, gave the complex a recognizable silhouette, and established visual connections with new high-rise developments on both right and left – thus integrating it into the scale of the growing metropolis. It is also marked by its own futuristic stylistic language, based on a reinterpreted streamline aesthetic.