По-русски

The Fluffy Space

Designing the passenger terminal of the Orenburg airport, ASADOV architects continue to explore the space theme that they first introduced in Saratov and Kemerovo airports. At the same time, the architects again combine the global and the local, reflecting topics inspired by the local conceptual context. In this case, the building is “covered” by an Orenburg downy shawl – an analogy that is recognizable enough, yet not literal; some will see the reference and some won’t.

10 February 2023
Object
mainImg
Last year, the Orenburg airport was bought by a company jointly created by two major players at the Russian airport construction market: AO Aeroporty Regionov (“Regional Airports”) and Novaport Holding. One of the conditions was to develop three options for reconstructing the old terminal and agree the winner’s project with the regional government. The airport is situated amidst steppes, about twenty kilometers away from Orenburg, and about a hundred kilometers away from the Kazakhstan border, and the clients justly think that it may become a transfer hub on the way to Moscow and St. Petersburg from Central Asia. The building was constructed in the 1970s.

This is what the existing terminal of the Orenburg airport looks like:


The clients conducted a closed-door architectural competition, in which the finalists were ASADOV architects and KOSMOS. The architects presented their works at the city conference in the presence of the governor, city administration, and general public. There were questions to each of the two projects, and there was a second round, which was won by the KOSMOS concept – and which we are hoping to cover a little bit later.

The Yuri Gagarin airport in Orenburg
Copyright: © KOSMOS


The Yuri Gagarin Gagarin in Orenburg. The first stage of construction
Copyright: © ASADOV architects


Andrey Asadov is quite alright with the competition that allowed his rivals to win, being only wary about possible problems during the project’s implementation.

I must give credit to the courage of the Orenburg architects, who chose the project of our colleagues by a majority of votes, and the commitment of the authors themselves to the traditions of the avant-garde. 

I like both our project and the project developed KOSMOS architects. Let’s hope that it will be possible to implement it as it was intended – building such an openwork cantilevered structure with such a large overhang will take a lot of work and the skills of design engineers. I am intrigued; it will be interesting to see the end result, so we wish our colleagues a beautiful implementation.


We will note here that both teams used in their work one and the same image – the Orenburg downy shawl – yet they did it in different ways.

The downy shawl is clearly one of the most obvious, and, more importantly, best-recognizable symbols of Orenburg in Russia. It even surpasses many other symbols connected with the city and its region: gas, oil, and salt, which are mined here, the history of Pugachev’s uprising, and the idea of reviving the population of the Przhevalsky horses, which is successfully implemented here. But no – it is only the downy shawl that sticks in your memory.

On the other hand, in 2011, the airport was named after Yuri Gagarin: the first man in space studied here in the aviation school and met his future wife here. Curiously, the Saratov airport, built in 2013-2019 in accordance with the project by ASADOV Architects, was also named after Gagarin, but the name of the first cosmonaut was bestowed on it later on, in 2018, during the design and construction process. Nevertheless, it turned out that the architects worked with a “Gagarin” airport for a second time already. There was yet another experience of exploring the space theme in airport design – the terminal of the Leonov airport in Kemerovo, completed in 2020.

In a word, designing the Orenburg airport, ASADOV Architects decided to explore the two key themes and placed their bets on contrast, directly combining seemingly opposite things: Gagarin and the downy shawl.

zooming


In reality, they did not combine them 100% directly. Gagarin wrapped in a downy shawl is rather the architects’ bravado.

The architects opposed the nearly weightless downy shawl as something light and warm to the open space as something endless, dark, and bristling with cold stars. It looks as if they “cut out” a fragment of the Universe and wrapped it in a warm Orenburg shawl, yet raised one of the shawl’s corners, letting us take a sneak peak at the stars glittering inside the terminal.

zooming


Here is what the architects say:

How do you combine a downy shawl and Gagarin? Easy! On the outside, there is a warm and cozy image of a Russian soul. Then we raise one of the corners of the shawl just a little, and see the dark abyss, very much like the cosmic depths.

Here you have both countermove and paradox. However, you cannot say that the opposition of the two worlds is pushed to the limit: looking at the shawl pattern, you can see icy crystals of “solar signs” – just any folk ornament, it has the idea of the universe encoded in it, while the little sparks of the “stars” in the dark-blue space reflect the modern notion about the endlessness of the universe. This is how the rhyme of “two cosmoses” appears, one of them being the one that Gagarin saw during his orbital flight, the other being the code of an ancient culture that survived into the present in the well-known decor (I think it will be appropriate to mention the fact that in the Ancient Greek the word “cosmos” stood for everything that was orderly, decorated, or beautiful). Thus, the architects combined two notions of cosmos or space – the ancient and the modern ones.

We will note that at the first city conference ASADOV Architects showed two versions. In one of them, the shawl theme was explored more vividly: there was a ring standing in front of the façade – a ring, through which, as is known, a really good shawl is supposed to be able to pass.

zooming
The first version of the concept. The Yuri Gagarin airport in Orenburg
Copyright: © ASADOV architects


The city council of Orenburg opted for the second version – and the architects themselves like it better: the simple glass volume of the terminal is covered by an ornamental “shawl”; one of its edges arches slightly, resembling not just a curve of a fabric but also the trajectory of a plane taking off – and then the “down” of the shawl can be interpreted as a vapor trail.

The Yuri Gagarin Gagarin in Orenburg. The first stage of construction
Copyright: © ASADOV architects


The project by ASADOV Architects provided for three stages of the airport development. During the first stage, the new terminal would be built next to the old one which would make it possible for the airport to continue operating.

The Yuri Gagarin Gagarin in Orenburg. The first stage of construction
Copyright: © ASADOV architects


The second stage included dismantling of the old terminal and creating a park area in its place – it could be useful not only for the passengers and those who came to meet them or see them off, but also for the visitors of the nearby civil aviation, as well as the guests at the airport hotel.

The Yuri Gagarin Gagarin in Orenburg. The second stage of construction
Copyright: © ASADOV architects


Should the airport become overloaded and should a necessity arise to expand it, the third stage is engaged: a second terminal is constructed, which mirrors the first one. The concept is preserved, only instead of the corner of the “shawl”, a symmetrical canopy appears on the main facade.

  • zooming
    1 / 6
    The Yuri Gagarin Gagarin in Orenburg. The third stage of construction
    Copyright: © ASADOV architects
  • zooming
    2 / 6
    The Yuri Gagarin airport in Orenburg. The third stage of construction
    Copyright: © ASADOV architects
  • zooming
    3 / 6
    The Yuri Gagarin airport in Orenburg. The third stage of construction
    Copyright: © ASADOV architects
  • zooming
    4 / 6
    The Yuri Gagarin airport in Orenburg. The first stage of construction
    Copyright: © ASADOV architects
  • zooming
    5 / 6
    The Yuri Gagarin airport in Orenburg. The second stage of construction
    Copyright: © ASADOV architects
  • zooming
    6 / 6
    The Yuri Gagarin airport in Orenburg. The third stage of construction
    Copyright: © ASADOV architects


However, even if the second part will never appear, the statement remains clear, and the image remains bright. The terminal is essentially a multilayered “crystal” volume. Its first layer is a transparent parallelepiped, consisting almost solely of stained glass constructions. A part of it is covered by a weightless “cobweb” of a decorative grille, streaming down in waves. Above it, there is a denser, yet still openwork, volumetric structure: let’s imagine that the shawl was folded in two, and then in two again, and the pattern became less prominent, but still discernible. The elevated corner of the upper layer forms a marquee with a more corporeal rigid structure, yet still transparent. Its volumetric construction spills over to the roof and the facade from the side of the airfield, “stretching up”.

  • zooming
    1 / 4
    The Yuri Gagarin Gagarin in Orenburg
    Copyright: © ASADOV architects
  • zooming
    2 / 4
    The Yuri Gagarin airport in Orenburg. The second stage of construction
    Copyright: © ASADOV architects
  • zooming
    3 / 4
    The Yuri Gagarin airport in Orenburg. The first stage of construction
    Copyright: © ASADOV architects
  • zooming
    4 / 4
    The Yuri Gagarin airport in Orenburg. The second stage of construction
    Copyright: © ASADOV architects


In the nighttime, a “star scatter” appears underneath this corner: spotlights of various colors are installed in the nodes of openwork structures, which are reflected in the stained glass windows, being superimposed on the cobweb of the decorative grille.

All of this not just effectively creates an effect of a “sky full of stars” – differently colored lights and openwork grilles create a festive mood, a feeling of anticipating the flight and changing your circumstances.

In the interior, the duality of the dark glittering cosmic space and the fluffy handmade shawl is felt even stronger. The white openwork structures meet the dark perforated ceiling that has pinpoint lights and large circular “crater” lights installed in it. The gray glittering metallic tones contrast with the trees and spots of lights, slightly blurred, like aurora borealis: these come from glass barriers, neon backlighting and video projections.

  • zooming
    1 / 4
    The Yuri Gagarin Gagarin in Orenburg
    Copyright: © ASADOV architects
  • zooming
    2 / 4
    The Yuri Gagarin airport in Orenburg
    Copyright: © ASADOV architects
  • zooming
    3 / 4
    The Yuri Gagarin airport in Orenburg
    Copyright: © ASADOV architects
  • zooming
    4 / 4
    The Yuri Gagarin airport in Orenburg
    Copyright: © ASADOV architects


And, finally, we will note that the image of outer space and even the contrast between the downy shawl and space are rather given as hints. Nothing is what it seems. We can speak about the image of the shawl, but it is by no means garish, and the openwork canopy looks rather like some fashionable architectural technique than a direct quotation; the same refers to the spotlight stars from the smart backlighting system. The architects’ tremendous experience with working with airports and the topic of space does bring its results.

10 February 2023

Headlines now
The Golden Crown
The concept for a dental clinic in Yekaterinburg, developed by CNTR Studio, revolves around the idea of a “mouth full of gold”: pristine white porcelain stoneware walls are complemented by matte brass details. To avoid an overly literal interpretation, the architects focused on the building’s proportions, skillfully navigating between sunlight requirements and fire safety regulations.
Flexibility and Integration
Not long ago, we covered the project for the fourth phase of the ÁLIA residential complex, designed by APEX. Now, we’ve been shown different fence concepts they developed to enclose the complex’s private courtyards, incorporating a variety of public functions. We believe that the sheer fact that the complex’s architects were involved in such a detail as fencing speaks volumes.
A Step Forward
The HIDE residential complex represents a major milestone for ADM architects and their leaders Andrey Romanov and Ekaterina Kuznetsova in their quest for a fresh high-rise aesthetic – one that is flexible and layered, capable of bringing vibrancy to mass and silhouette while shaping form. Over recent years, this approach has become ADM’s “signature style”, with the golden HIDE tower playing a pivotal role in its evolution. Here, we delve into the project’s story, explore the details of the complex’s design, and uncover its core essence.
Gold in the Sands
A new office for a transcontinental company specializing in resource extraction and processing has opened in Dubai. Designed by T+T Architects, masters of creating spaces that are contemporary, diverse, flexible, and original, this project exemplifies their expertise. On the executive floor, a massive brass-clad partition dominates, while layered textures of compressed earth create a contextually resonant backdrop.
Layers and Levels of Flight
This project goes way back – Reserve Union won this architectural competition at the end of 2011, and the building was completed in 2018, so it’s practically “archival”. However, despite being relatively unknown, the building can hardly be considered “dated” and remains a prime example of architectural expression, particularly in the headquarters genre. And it’s especially fitting for an aviation company office. In some ways, it resembles the Aeroflot headquarters at Sheremetyevo but with its own unique identity, following the signature style of Vladimir Plotkin. In this article, we take an in-depth look at the United Aircraft Corporation (UAC) headquarters in the Moscow agglomeration town of Zhukovsky, supplemented by recent photographs from Alexey Naroditsky – a shoot that became only recently possible due to the fact that improvements were finally made in the surrounding area.
Light and Shadow
In this article, we delve into the architectural design of the “Chaika” house by DNK ag architects, which was recently completed in 2023 as part of the collection of signature designs at ZILArt. As is well-known, all the buildings in this complex follow a design code, yet each one is distinct. This particular building stands out not only for its whiteness and minimalism but also for the refined use of a limited number of techniques that, together, create what can confidently be called synergy.
Casus Novae
A master plan was developed for a large residential area with a name of “DNS City”, but now that its implementation began, the plan has been arbitrarily reformatted and replaced with something that, while similar on the surface, is actually quite different. This is not the first time such a thing happens, but it’s always frustrating. With permission from the author, we are sharing Maria Elkina’s post.
Treasure Hunting
The GAFA bureau, in collaboration with Tegola and Arkhitail, organized an expedition to the island of Kilpola in Karelia as part of Moskomarkhitektura’s “Open City” festival. There, amidst moss and rocks, the students sought answers to questions like: what is the sacred, where does it dwell, and what sustains it? Assisting the participants in this quest were landscape engineer Evgeny Levin, artist Nicholas Roerich, a moose, and the lack of cellular connection. Here’s how the story unfolded.
Depths of the Earth, Streams of Water
In the Malaya Okhta district, the Akzent building, designed by Stepan Liphart, was constructed. It follows a classic tripartite structure, yet it’s what you might call “hand-drawn”: each façade is unique in its form and details, some of which aren’t immediately noticeable. In this article, we explore the context and, together with the architect, delve into how the form was developed.
Fir Tree Dynamics
The “Airports of Region” holding is planning to build an airport in Karachay-Cherkessia, aiming to make the Arkhyz and Dombay resorts more accessible to travelers. The project that won in an invitation-only competition, submitted by Sergey Nikeshkin’s KPLN, blends natural imagery inspired by the shape of a conifer seed, open-air waiting spaces, majestic large trees, and a green roof elevated on needle-like columns. The result is both nature-inspired and WOW.
​A Brick Shell
In the process of designing a clubhouse situated among pine trees in a prestigious suburban area near Moscow, the architectural firm “A.Len” did the façade design part. The combination of different types of brick and masonry correlates with the volumetric and plastique solutions, further enhanced by the inclusion of wood-painted fragments and metal “glazing”.
Word Forms
ATRIUM architects love ambitious challenges, and for the firm’s thirtieth anniversary, they boldly play a game of words with an exhibition that dives deep into a self-created vocabulary. They immerse their projects – especially art installations – into this glossary, as if plunging into a current of their own. You feel as if you’re flowing through the veins of pure art, immersed in a universe of vertical cities, educational spaces – of which the architects are true masters – and the cultural codes of various locations. But what truly captivates is the bold statement that Vera Butko and Anton Nadtochy make, both through their work and this exhibition: architecture, above all, is art – the art of working with form and space.
Flexibility and Acuteness of Modernity
Luxurious, fluid, large “kokoshniks” and spiral barrel columns, as if made from colorful chewing gum: there seem to be no other mansion like this in Moscow, designed in the “Neo-Russian-Modern” style. And the “Teremok” on Malaya Kaluzhskaya, previously somewhat obscure, has “come alive with new colors” and gained visibility after its restoration for the office of the “architectural ecosystem” as the architects love to call themselves. It’s evident that Julius Borisov and the architects at UNK put their hearts into finding this new office and bringing it up to date. Let’s delve into the paradoxes of this mansion’s history and its plasticity. Spoiler: two versions of modernity meet here, both balancing on the razor’s edge of “what’s current”.
Yuri Vissarionov: “A modular house does not belong to the land”
It belongs to space, or to the air... It turns out that 3D printing is more effective when combined with a modular approach: the house is built in a workshop and then adapted to the site, including on uneven terrain. Yuri Vissarionov shares his latest experience in designing tourist complexes, both in central Russia and in the south. These include houseboats, homes printed from lightweight concrete using a 3D printer, and, of course, frame houses.
​Moscow’s First
“The quality of education largely depends on the quality of the educational environment”. This principle of the last decade has been realized by Sergey Skuratov in the project for the First Moscow Gymnasium on Rostovskaya Embankment in the Khamovniki district. The building seamlessly integrates into the complex urban landscape, responding both to the pedestrian flow of the city and the quiet alleyways. It skillfully takes advantage of the height differences and aligns with modern trends in educational space design. Let’s take a closer look.
Looking at the Water
The site of Villa Sonata stretches from the road to the water’s edge, offering its own shoreline, pier, and a picturesque river panorama. To reveal these sweeping views, Roman Leonidov “cut” the façade diagonally parallel to the river, thus getting two main axes for the house and, consequently, “two heads”. The internal core – two double-height spaces, a living room and a conservatory, with a “bridge” above them – makes the house both “transparent” and filled with light.
The White Wing
Well, it’s not exactly white. It’s more of a beige, white-stone structure that plays with the color of limestone – smoother surfaces are lighter, while rougher ones are darker. This wing unites various elements: it absorbs and interprets the surrounding themes. It responds to everything, yet maintains a cohesive expression – a challenging task! – while also incorporating recognizable features of its own, such as the dynamic cuts at the bottom, top, and middle.
Urban Dunes
The XSA Ramps team designed and built a three-part sports hub for a park in Rostov-on-Don, welcoming people of all ages and fitness levels. The skate plaza, pump track, and playground are all meticulously crafted with details that attract a diverse range of visitors. The technical execution of the shapes and slopes transforms this space into a kind of sculptural composition.
Proportional Growth
The project for the fourth phase of the ÁLIA residential area has been announced. The buildings are situated on an elongated plot – almost a “ray” that shoots out from the center of the area towards the river. Their layout reflects both a response to Moscow’s architectural preferences over the past 15 years, shifting “from blocks to towers”, and an interpretation of the neighboring business park designed by SOM. Additionally, the best apartments here are not located at the very top but closer to the middle, forming a glowing “waistline”.
The “Staircase” Building
In designing the “Details” residential complex in New Moscow, Rais Baishev spiced up the now-popular Moscow theme of a “courtyard” building with an idea drawn from the surrealist drawings by Maurits Escher. He envisioned the stepped silhouettes and descending slopes as a metaphysical mega-staircase, creating a key void within the courtyard that gave the project an internal “spine”. This concept is felt both in the building’s silhouette and on its façades.
Projection of the Quarter
No one doubted that the building that Vladimir Plotkin designed as part of the “Garden Quarters” would be the most modernist of all. And it turned out just that way: while adhering to the common design code, the building successfully combines brick and white stone, rhythmically responding to the neighboring building designed by Ostozhenka, yet tactfully and persistently making a few statements of its own. This includes the projection of the ideal urban development composition “14–9–6”, which can be found right next door, mathematical calculations, including those for various types of terraces (and perhaps the only reminder of the Soviet past of the Kauchuk rubber factory!), and the white “cross-stitch” pattern of the façade grid.
Domus Aurea
In this issue, we examine the “Tessinsky-1” house, designed by Sergey Skuratov and completed in 2023. Located in the middle of the Serebryanicheskaya Embankment district, at the intersection of its main streets, this house assumes a sort of “nodal” role: it not only responds to everything around it and preserves many memories of the former EMA factory within itself, but it weaves all this into a newly directed pattern, reconciling bright “gold” and dark-colored brick, largely with the help of the new, modern-yet-archaic Columba brick, which, come to think about it, is the most precious element here.
The Chimney of Nikola-Lenivets
In this issue, we are examining the “Obelisk House” designed by KATARSIS and built for the Arkhstoyanie 2023 festival. However, it was only finished later on, and this is why we are examining it now. It seems to us that after the “Obelisk House” appeared in Nikola-Lenivets, a dialogue and a few inner connections appeared between the temporary structures built here. These houses no longer look like “accidental neighbors”, more of which below.
​Periscope by the Bay
The jury awarded the second place in the competition for a public and cultural center in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky to the companies GORA (“Mountain”) and M4. In the consortium’s proposal, the building resembles a sperm whale with a calf swimming next to it or a periscope, whose lenses capture the most spectacular views from the surrounding landscape.
From Arcs to Dolmens
While working on the competition project for Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, ASADOV Architects prioritized the value of the natural and urban environment, aiming to preserve the balance of the location while minimizing the resemblance of the volume that they designed to a “traditional building”. The task was challenging, and the architects created three versions, one of which having been developed after the competition, where their main proposal took third place. However, the point of interest here is not the competition result but the continuity of creative thinking.
Hide and Seek
The ID Moskovskiy house, designed by Stepan Liphart in St. Petersburg, in the courtyards near Moskovskiy Avenue beyond the Obvodny Canal and recently completed, is notable for several reasons. Firstly, it has been realized with considerable accuracy, which is particularly significant as this is the first building where the architect was responsible not only for the facades but also for the layouts, allowing for better integration between the two. On the other hand, this building is interesting as an example of the “germination” of new architecture in the city: it draws on the best examples from the neighborhood and becomes an improved and developed sum of ideas found by the architect in the surrounding context.
The Big Twelve
Yesterday, the winners of the Moscow Mayor’s Architecture Award were announced and honored. Let’s take a look at what was awarded and, in some cases, even critique this esteemed award. After all, there is always room for improvement, right?
Above the Golden Horn
The residential complex “Philosophy” designed by T+T architects in Vladivostok, is one of the new projects in the “Golubinaya Pad” area, changing its development philosophy (pun intended) from single houses to a comprehensive approach. The buildings are organized along public streets, varying in height and format, with one house even executed in gallery typology, featuring a cantilever leaning on an art object.
Nuanced Alternative
How can you rhyme a square and space? Easily! But to do so, you need to rhyme everything you can possibly think of: weave everything together, like in a tensegrity structure, and find your own optics too. The new exhibition at GES-2 does just that, offering its visitor a new perspective on the history of art spanning 150 years, infused with the hope for endless multiplicity of worlds and art histories. Read on to see how this is achieved and how the exhibition design by Evgeny Ace contributes to it.
Blinds for Ice
An ice arena has been constructed in Domodedovo based on a project by Yuri Vissarionov Architects. To prevent the long façade, a technical requirement for winter sports facilities, from appearing monotonous, the architects proposed the use of suspended structures with multidirectional slats. This design protects the ice from direct sunlight while giving the wall texture and detail.