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​Shape of the Winery

In this article, we are telling you more about the development of the shape and the implementation of the “Skalisty Bereg” (“Rocky Shore”) winery, designed by Alexander Balabin and his company “Severin-Project” in the Krasnodar Territory, and one of the finalists of WAF 2021.

16 February 2022
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The “Skalisty Bereg” winery, designed and built by Alexander Balabin in the village of Varvarovka not far away from Anapa – a sculptural building with the top floor executed in the shape of a sea pebble – is situated amidst gorgeous hills covered with grapevine, an area occupying 32 hectares. The name of “Skalisty Bereg” (“Rocky Shore”) has a French analogue of Cote Rocheuse – because this place produces chiefly French wines: Merlot, Pinot Noir, Cabernet Sauvignon, and Chardonnay.

"Skalisty Bereg« (»Rocky Shore") winery
Copyright: Photograph © Daniil Anneknov / Provided by Severin Project


In 2021, the winery building got an award at the “Golden Section” architectural show and was shortlisted at one of the largest architectural competitions, WAF.

As for WAF, we didn’t even hope to get that far. Global design companies with such well-known projects as, for example, an incinerator with a ski slope starting on its roof in Denmark, competed with us in the nomination “Production, energy, processing”. I consider our getting into the WAF finals, and even in the nomination where implemented projects compete, for that matter, to be a serious achievement by any standards.


“Skalisty Bereg” is a gravity-flow winery; grape juice and wort move here under the influence of gravity, the mechanical impact on them is minimized, which allows you to preserve the features of the terroir as much as possible – the sum of these features is what determines the specifics of the wine, and upon this set of features the whole value of the ”protected geographical origin” is based. The location of the building on the 32-hectare land site was proposed to the client by Alexander Balabin; the 10-meter height difference of the construction site made it possible to make a gravity-flow winery; the operated roof commands sweeping sea views between the hills. 

The building contains the entire technological chain: production, storing wine in casks and bottling it, as well as a restaurant, a tasting room and an observation deck. The winery building provides a lot of space for exhibitions and wine conventions.

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    "Skalisty Bereg« (»Rocky Shore") winery
    Copyright: © Severin Project
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    "Skalisty Bereg« (»Rocky Shore") winery
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    "Skalisty Bereg« (»Rocky Shore") winery
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    "Skalisty Bereg« (»Rocky Shore") winery
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    "Skalisty Bereg« (»Rocky Shore") winery
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    "Skalisty Bereg« (»Rocky Shore") winery
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    "Skalisty Bereg« (»Rocky Shore") winery
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    "Skalisty Bereg« (»Rocky Shore") winery. Location plan
    Copyright © Severin Project
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    "Skalisty Bereg« (»Rocky Shore") winery. Plan of the third floor
    Copyright © Severin Project
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    "Skalisty Bereg« (»Rocky Shore") winery. Plan of the first floor
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    "Skalisty Bereg« (»Rocky Shore") winery. Plan of the second floor
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    "Skalisty Bereg« (»Rocky Shore") winery
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    "Skalisty Bereg« (»Rocky Shore") winery
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    "Skalisty Bereg« (»Rocky Shore") winery
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Alexander Balabin made a clear flowchart showing the entire cycle of wine production and storage with the functions distributed over the floors.

The flowchart of the gravity-flow winemaking
Copyright: © Alexander Balabin


In the movie “A Good Year”, Uncle Henry Skinner, the vineyard owner, says the famous quote: “I enjoy making wine, because this sublime nectar is quite simply incapable of lying. Picked too early, picked too late, it matters not – the wine will always whisper into your mouth with complete, unabashed honesty every time you take a sip.” These properties of wine generated the idea of the “Skalisty Bereg” winery.

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    “Rocky ShorCopyright: Photograph © Daniel Annenkov / provided by Severin Projecte” winery
    Copyright: Photograph © Daniel Annenkov / provided by Severin Project
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    “Rocky Shore” wineryCopyright: Photograph © Daniel Annenkov / provided by Severin Project
    Copyright: Photograph © Daniel Annenkov / provided by Severin Project
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    "Skalisty Bereg« (»Rocky Shore") winery
    Copyright: Photograph © Daniil Anneknov / Provided by Severin Project


Looking at the building created by Alexander Balabin, one can clearly see two parts in it: an orthogonal brutal three-story production building from glass and exposed concrete, partially buried in the hill, and the top elliptical-shaped volume of the tasting room that looks like a giant sea pebble. “Wine is an absolutely natural product, which only gets better with age, and exposed concrete is quite a match for it because this is an honest and natural material” the architect says. The art of winemaking is hard manual work that is done 365 days a year, and it is reflected in the main orthogonal building that includes production facilities, wine storage, and the offices. Wine tasting is a sensual enjoyment, and for this the architect designed a tasting room contained in a smooth white ellipse commanding the sea view. From the room, one can exit to the roof of the main building.

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    "Skalisty Bereg« (»Rocky Shore") winery
    Copyright: © Severin Project
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    "Skalisty Bereg« (»Rocky Shore") winery
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    "Skalisty Bereg« (»Rocky Shore") winery
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The backstory of the project goes like this. In 2017, the client approached Alexander Balabin with a pragmatic task: he needed a simple technological facility built from quick-mount structures. However, in the process of the work the building changed, and it became clear that architecture was needed. Alexander came up with several options.

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    "Skalisty Bereg« (»Rocky Shore") winery
    Copyright: © Severin Project
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    “Skalisty Bereg” winery
    Copyright: © Severin Project


The first one was called “Tuscan” and was designed in a generalized style of architecture of early Renaissance; the second one was called “Bauhaus”, the third “Carlo Scarpa”, in the spirit of the famous Italian master of the 20th century, and the fourth looked more technology-based, like a Swiss factory. And there was also a fifth variant, the most expressive one, which Alexander Balabin drew just for his own intellectual enjoyment. As is usually the case, this was the one that got picked.

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    “Rocky Shore” winery
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    "Skalisty Bereg« (»Rocky Shore") winery
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    “Skalisty Bereg” winery. A sketch by Alexander Balabin
    Copyright: Provided by Severin Project


The resulting building keeps up the straightforwardness and lightness of an artist’s casual stroke, inspired by the sea, the sky, and the breathing of the landscape as the artist tried to capture genius loci. The “pebble” looks as if it somewhat sloppily lies on the roof of the building, overhanging a bit like a cantilever. The main three bottom tiers are executed in concrete, but the second and third floors, where people sit, have glass facades. Thus, it looks as if the “pebble” rests on a glass volume that reflects the sky, i.e. is sandwiched between the “sky” and real sky, at the same time maintaining visual contact with the sea.

“Rocky Shore” winery
Copyright: Photograph © Daniel Annenkov / provided by Severin Project


On the whole, the tectonics of the building is rather sharp. Not only the “pebble” hovers above the ground, visually resting just on the lightweight glass tier, but also the platform with a cantilevered ledge between the first and second floor lies on a ribbon window, i.e. again almost on nothing. The entrances to the building, slightly sunken in, almost merge with the glass facade, without violating the composition of vivid horizontals. To the left of the winery, there is a main staircase spanning several floors.

Unlike the glass office part, the production part of the third tier, where the grapes are loaded, is executed in concrete with dramatic openings in the shape of pebbles of larger and smaller sizes. Thus the main theme of the sea pebble is developed in individual motifs as well. Through these windows and through the glass facades, the winery is connected with the surroundings, and there are also technical windows inside, so, when walking along the corridor, a person can look into the technology-based production facilities and admire the scenery at the same time.

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    "Skalisty Bereg« (»Rocky Shore") winery
    Copyright: Photograph © Daniel Annenkov / provided by Severin Project
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    “Rocky Shore” winery
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    "Skalisty Bereg« (»Rocky Shore") winery
    Copyright: Photograph © Daniel Annenkov / provided by Severin Project


In order to make all this a reality, Alexander Balabin and his partners had to cope with formidable technological challenges. The technology of applying fiberglass concrete to an elliptical metal structure is quite new for Russia. The coverage of the “pebble” was designed by Andrey Poletaev and the “Arkhitektura Blagopoluchiya” (“Architecture of Well-being”) group in cooperation with OOO MRG Stroy/Soldisgroup, which did the curvilinear pavilions in the Zaryadye Park, as well as the Zaha Hadid office building on the Sharikopodshipnikovaya Street.

Working with exposed concrete was just as challenging but the result was well worth it. Many architects love exposed concrete for its honesty, masculinity, and longevity. From the side of Alexander Balabin, this was also homage to Tadao Ando. The walls of the winery have three plies in them. The inner ply (200mm) and the outer ply (100mn) are exposed concrete without any decor, with a 100mm of heat retaining material sandwiched between them. The only decor on the concrete wall is holes, traces of formwork fastening, and seams.

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    “Rocky Shore” winery
    Copyright: Photograph © Daniel Annenkov / provided by Severin Project
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    “Rocky Shore” winery
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    "Skalisty Bereg« (»Rocky Shore") winery
    Copyright: Photograph © Daniil Anneknov / Provided by Severin Project


“The building of the winery was built of monolithic reinforced concrete due to seismic activity of up to 9 points – Alexander Balabin shares – I invested a lot of time in creating formwork casings. I made sure that these formwork casings had a certain size, and the fastenings were in certain places, so that it would correlate with the impost pattern, and with the horizontals. When you remove the casing, the concrete must remain as it is, without any adjustments needed. Whenever the builders did not succeed at the first attempt, I made them cut off the concrete and start all over again. For window openings in the form of pebbles, so-called shells were made in the carpentry industry. Then matching aluminum frames were made, which then fitted in the openings without any plaster. I think that the builders have coped with the implementation of the project by 90-95 percent.

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    “Rocky Shore” winery
    Copyright © Severin Project
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    "Skalisty Bereg« (»Rocky Shore") winery
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As for the ellipse coverage, we struggled with it for a whole year. We seriously pioneered this technology of glass fiber concrete with a polymer coating in this region, and in Russia, for that matter. You can only find something distantly similar to it in Zaha Hadid’s Geidar Aliev Center in Baku. Because of the heat, it was difficult to achieve homogenization of the outer layer. The team of Andrey Poletaev, the authors of the Zaryadye Park, first intended to make a coating from lamellas and even manufactured them, but then abandoned this idea because of the unwanted seams. We decided to apply the coating using layer-by-layer spraying. But if you do not do this continuously (people also need to have lunch and sleep), the liquid solution remains in the hoses, which needs to be washed away with white spirit, and then because of this, the coating hardens poorly, with bubbles and all sorts of other issues. This problem was also solved. In other words, a lot of difficulties were overcome in the process of work, but, in the end, everything worked out.”

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    "Skalisty Bereg« (»Rocky Shore") winery
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    “Rocky Shore” winery
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    "Skalisty Bereg« (»Rocky Shore") winery
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    "Skalisty Bereg« (»Rocky Shore") winery
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The interiors of the winery continue the themes set by the outside design solution. The brutal-looking production rooms with concrete walls and metal equipment, at the same time filled with light streaming from the windows, look (or you could even say “sound”) as powerful as a rock-n-roll band.

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    “Rocky Shore&#Copyright: Photograph © Daniel Annenkov / provided by Severin Project148; winery
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    “Skalisty Bereg” winery, the interior
    Copyright: Photograph: Provided by Severin Project
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    “Skalisty Bereg” winery, the interior
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The concrete staircases connect the spaces of the floors, where, expectedly, works of modern art will be exhibited. Just as dramatic and austere are the outside staircases.

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    “Rocky Shore” winery, the interior
    Copyright: provided by Severin Project
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    "Skalisty Bereg« (»Rocky Shore") winery, the interior
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    "Skalisty Bereg« (»Rocky Shore") winery, the interior
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    “Skalisty Bereg” winery, the interior


The interiors in the show and tasting area are quite different. These are expressive white supports matching the outside parametric shape of the “pebble”.

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    "Skalisty Bereg« (»Rocky Shore") winery, the interior
    Copyright: Photograph: Provided by Severin Project
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    “Rocky Shore” winery, the interior
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    "Skalisty Bereg« (»Rocky Shore") winery, the interior
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    "Skalisty Bereg« (»Rocky Shore") winery, the interior
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    “Skalisty Bereg” winery, the interior
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    "Skalisty Bereg« (»Rocky Shore") winery, the interior
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The design of the wooden demonstration “column” in the reception area was also done by Alexander Balabin.

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    "Skalisty Bereg« (»Rocky Shore") winery, the interior
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    "Skalisty Bereg« (»Rocky Shore") winery, the interior
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    "Skalisty Bereg« (»Rocky Shore") winery
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    “Rocky Shore” winery, the interior
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“I already said in another interview how lucky we were with this Cote Rocheuse winery – Nobody ordered a monument of architecture from us. However, I wanted to design something as honest and as durable as good wine. Hence the exposed concrete both outside and inside. Concrete is a natural and durable material, just as wine is a natural product. Modern architecture with all these hang-on facades is meant to last 50 years max. The ventilated brick facades in actuality are 2cm thick; behind them, there are metallic mounting subsystems and heat retainer. Our winery with the main foundation made of three-ply concrete will stand for five hundred years or more.”

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    "Skalisty Bereg« (»Rocky Shore") winery, the interior
    Copyright: Photograph © Daniel Annenkov / provided by Severin Project
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    "Skalisty Bereg« (»Rocky Shore") winery
    Copyright: Photograph © Daniil Anneknov / Provided by Severin Project
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    "Skalisty Bereg« (»Rocky Shore") winery
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    "Skalisty Bereg« (»Rocky Shore") winery
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The architecture of wineries today is a genre as popular as the architecture of museums of modern art. Such a commission is something that many architects dream to land. The clients regard the architecture of wineries as part of the show in the sophisticated art of winemaking. Over the recent 20 years, all the international stars of architecture have been spotted in having a go at this genre. The first one was Herzog and de Meron, who, having piled up a winery of gabions in the Californian valley of Napa, at once received a Pritzker Prize in 2001. Just as spectacular were projects by Richard Rogers, Zaha Hadid, Kalatrava, Norman Foster, and others.

Finally, these trends came to Russia. Despite the prohibition proclaimed by Gorbachev in 1986 and the cutting-down of vineyards (Alexander Balabin mentioned this fact in an online presentation of his project for WAF), domestic winemaking is still developing, although this process is far from fast. For example, the vineyards of “Skalisty Bereg” began to grow in 2011. The owners, of course, want to add symbolic capital to the wine, which is surely provided by a memorable architecture. For the same purpose, wineries are combined with galleries of modern art. In recent years, a number of works in this typology have appeared. The “Skalisty Bereg” wine gallery has already aroused a lot of interest among the wine tour operators, and a special excitement is associated with architecture. As for the residents of the Krasnodar region, they already consider the “Skalisty Bereg” winery to be one of the biggest local attractions.

16 February 2022

Headlines now
Part of the Ideal
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The Fortress by the River
ASADOV Architects have developed a concept for a new residential district in the center of Kemerovo. To combat the harsh climate and monotonous everyday life, the architects proposed a block type of development with dominant towers, good insolation, facades detailed at eye level, and event programming.
In the Rhombus Grid
Construction has begun on the building of the OMK (United Metallurgical Company) Corporate University in Nizhny Novgorod’s town of Vyksa, designed by Ostozhenka Architects. The most interesting aspect of the project is how the architects immersed it in the context: “extracting” a diagonal motif from the planning grid of Vyksa, they aligned the building, the square, and the park to match it. A truly masterful work with urban planning context on several different levels of perception has long since become the signature technique of Ostozhenka.
​Generational Connection
Another modern estate, designed by Roman Leonidov, is located in the Moscow region and brings together three generations of one family under one roof. To fit on a narrow plot without depriving anyone of personal space, the architects opted for a zigzag plan. The main volume in the house structure is accentuated by mezzanines with a reverse-sloped roof and ceilings featuring exposed beams.
Three Dimensions of the City
We began to delve into the project by Sergey Skuratov, the residential complex “Depo” in Minsk, located at Victory Square, and it fascinated us completely. The project has at least several dimensions to it: historical – at some point, the developer decided to discontinue further collaboration with Sergey Skuratov Architects, but the concept was approved, and its implementation continues, mostly in accordance with the proposed ideas. The spatial and urban planning dimension – the architects both argue with the city and play along with it, deciphering nuances, and finding axes. And, finally, the tactile dimension – the constructed buildings also have their own intriguing features. Thus, this article also has two parts: it dwells on what has been built and what was conceived
New “Flight”
Architects from “Mezonproject” have developed a project for the reconstruction of the regional youth center “Polyot”(“Flight”) in the city of Oryol. The summer youth center, built back in the late 1970s, will now become year-round and acquire many additional functions.
The Yauza Towers
In Moscow, there aren’t that many buildings or projects designed by Nikita Yavein and Studio 44. In this article, we present to you the concept of a large multifunctional complex on the Yauza River, located between two parks, featuring a promenade, a crossroads of two pedestrian streets, a highly developed public space, and an original architectural solution. This solution combines a sophisticated, asymmetric façade grid, reminiscent of a game of fifteen puzzle, and bold protrusions of the upper parts of the buildings, completely masking the technical floors and sculpting the complex’s silhouette.
Architecture and Leisure Park
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The U-House
The Jois complex combines height with terraces, bringing the most expensive apartments from penthouses down to the bottom floors. The powerful iconic image of the U-shaped building is the result of the creative search for a new standard of living in high-rise buildings by the architects of “Genpro”.
Black and White
In this article, we specifically discuss the interiors of the ATOM Pavilion at VDNKh. Interior design is a crucial component of the overall concept in this case, and precision and meticulous execution were highly important for the architects. Julia Tryaskina, head of UNK interiors, shares some of the developments.
The “Snake” Mountain
The competition project for the seaside resort complex “Serpentine” combines several typologies: apartments of different classes, villas, and hotel rooms. For each of these typologies, the KPLN architects employ one of the images that are drawn from the natural environment – a serpentine road, a mountain stream, and rolling waves.
Opal from Anna Mons’ Ring
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Feed ’Em All
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The Ensemble at the Mosque
OSA prepared a master plan for a district in the southern part of Derbent. The main task of the master plan is to initiate the formation of a modern comfortable environment in this city. The organization of residential areas is subordinated to the city’s spiritual center: depending on the location relative to the cathedral mosque, the houses are distinguished by façade and plastique solutions. The program also includes a “hospitality center”, administrative buildings, an educational cluster, and even an air bridge.
Pargolovo Protestantism
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The Shape of the Inconceivable
The ATOM Pavilion at VDNKh brings to mind a famous maxim of all architects and critics: “You’ve come up with it? Now build it!” You rarely see such a selfless immersion in implementation of the project, and the formidable structural and engineering tasks set by UNK architects to themselves are presented here as an integral and important part of the architectural idea. The challenge matches the obliging status of the place – after all, it is an “exhibition of achievements”, and the pavilion is dedicated to the nuclear energy industry. Let’s take a closer look: from the outside, from the inside, and from the underside too.
​Rays of the Desert
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The Dairy Theme
The concept of an office of a cheese-making company, designed for the enclosed area of a dairy factory, at least partially refers to industrial architecture. Perhaps that is why this concept is very simple, which seems the appropriate thing to do here. The building is enlivened by literally a couple of “master strokes”: the turning of the corner accentuates the entrance, and the shade of glass responds to the theme of “milk rivers” from Russian fairy tales.
The Road to the Temple
Under a grant from the Small Towns Competition, the main street and temple area of the village of Nikolo-Berezovka near Neftekamsk has been improved. A consortium of APRELarchitects and Novaya Zemlya is turning the village into an open-air museum and integrating ruined buildings into public life.
​Towers Leaning Towards the Sun
The three towers of the residential complex “Novodanilovskaya 8” are new and the tallest neighbors of the Danilovsky Manufactory, “Fort”, and “Plaza”, complementing a whole cluster of modern buildings designed by renowned masters. At the same time, the towers are unique for this setting – they are residential, they are the tallest ones here, and they are located on a challenging site. In this article, we explore how architects Andrey Romanov and Ekaterina Kuznetsova tackled this far-from-trivial task.
In the spirit of ROSTA posters
The new Rostselmash tractor factory, conceptualized by ASADOV Architects, is currently being completed in Rostov-on-Don. References to the Soviet architecture of the 1920’s and 1960’s resonate with the mission and strategic importance of the enterprise, and are also in line with the client’s wish: to pay homage to Rostov’s constructivism.
The Northern Thebaid
The central part of Ferapontovo village, adjacent to the famous monastery with frescoes by Dionisy, has been improved according to the project by APRELarchitects. Now the place offers basic services for tourists, as well as a place for the villagers’ leisure.
Brilliant Production
The architects from London-based MOST Architecture have designed the space for the high-tech production of Charge Cars, a high-performance production facility for high-speed electric cars that are assembled in the shell of legendary Ford Mustangs. The founders of both the company and the car assembly startup are Russians who were educated in their home country.
Three-Part Task: St. Petersburg’s Mytny Dvor
The so-called “Mytny Dvor” area lying just behind Moscow Railway Station – the market rows with a complex history – will be transformed into a premium residential complex by Studio 44. The project consists of three parts: the restoration of historical buildings, the reconstruction of the lost part of the historical contour, and new houses. All of them are harmonized with each other and with the city; axes and “beams of light” were found, cozy corners and scenic viewpoints were carefully thought out. We had a chat with the authors of the historical buildings’ restoration project, and we are telling you about all the different tasks that have been solved here.
The Color of the City, or Reflections on the Slope of an Urban Settlement
In 2022, Ostozhenka Architects won a competition, and in 2023, they developed and received all the necessary approvals for a master plan for the development of Chernigovskaya Street for the developer GloraX. The project takes into account a 10-year history of previous developments; it was done in collaboration with architects from Nizhny Novgorod, and it continues to evolve now. We carefully examined it, talked to everyone, and learned a lot of interesting things.
A Single-Industry Town
Kola MMC and Nornickel are building a residential neighborhood in Monchegorsk for their future employees. It is based on a project by an international team that won the 2021 competition. The project offers a number of solutions meant to combat the main “demons” of any northern city: wind, grayness and boredom.
A New Age Portico
At the beginning of the year, Novosibirsk Tolmachevo Airport opened Terminal C. The large-scale and transparent entrance hall with luminous columns inside successfully combines laconism with a bright and photogenic WOW-effect. The terminal is both the new façade of the whole complex and the starting point of the planned reconstruction, upon completion of which Tolmachevo will become the largest regional airport in Russia. In this article, we are examining the building in the context of modernist prototypes of both Novosibirsk and Leningrad: like puzzle pieces, they come together to form their individual history, not devoid of curious nuances and details.
A New Starting Point
We’ve been wanting to examine the RuArts Foundation space, designed by ATRIUM for quite a long time, and we finally got round to it. This building looks appropriate and impressive; it amazingly combines tradition – represented in our case by galleries – and innovation. In this article, we delve into details and study the building’s historical background as well.
Molding Perspectives
Stepan Liphart introduces “schematic Art Deco” on the outskirts of Kazan – his houses are executed in green color, with a glassy “iced” finish on the facades. The main merits of the project lie in his meticulous arrangement of viewing angles – the architect is striving to create in a challenging environment the embryo of a city not only in terms of pedestrian accessibility but also in a sculptural sense. He works with silhouettes, proposing intriguing triangular terraces. The entire project is structured like a crystal, following two grids, orthogonal and diagonal. In this article, we are examining what worked, and what eventually didn’t.
An Educational Experiment for the North
City-Arch continues to work on the projects that can be termed as “experimental public preschools”: private kindergartens and schools can envy such facilities in many respects. This time around, the project is done for the city of Gubkinsky, Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District. A diverse educational and play environment, including a winter garden, awaits future students, while the teachers will have abundant opportunities to implement new practices.