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In memory of Jean-Louis Cohen

Marina Khrustaleva – about Jean-Louis Cohen (20.07.1949-7.08.2023), French architect and architectural historian that specialized in modern architecture and city planning.

20 August 2023
in memoriam
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Two weeks ago, we lost Jean-Louis Cohen. Architect, historian of twentieth-century architecture, writer, curator, he was one of the most active and productive people I have ever known. Professor at a dozen universities, chairman of every possible committee, recipient of the most prestigious awards, he was unimaginably hardworking and industrious. Every year he published a major book and opened major exhibitions in the world’s leading museums that became cultural milestones. This year alone it was an exhibition on the Brazilian modernist Paolo Mendes da Rocha in Portugal and “Paris Moderne 1914-1945: Architecture, Design, Film, Fashion” in Shanghai.

Jean-Louis was the creator of one of the largest architectural museums in Europe, the Center of Architecture and Heritage in Paris, located in the Palais de Chaillot, which includes a collection of architectural fragments and casts by Viollet-le-Duc. Having started work in 1998 and brought the museum almost to its opening, in 2003 he left the project due to disagreements with the Ministry of Culture - his delicacy in personal communication was juxtaposed with the firmness of principle in professional matters. He was respected by his colleagues and adored by students all over the world, he helped everyone, cared for everyone, connected people, wrote letters of support – and worked endlessly.

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    Jean-Louis Cohen in his house in Ardèche.
    Copyright: Photograph © Vladimir Paperny
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    Jean-Louis Cohen (20.07.1949-7.08.2023)


What was Jean-Louis to Russia? A passionate researcher, interpreter, connoisseur and ambassador. His grandfather, the famous linguist Marcel Cohen, and his father, a correspondent for the newspaper Humanite in Moscow, were sincere communists; the Russian language had been in his family since his childhood. At the age of 15, Jean-Louis spent a happy month in the pioneer camp “Orlyonok” and significantly enriched his vocabulary – he was able to express himself in Russian strongly and accurately. In the 1970s, he often came to Moscow, getting to know Konstantin Melnikov in the last year of his life, and a splendid galaxy of the first, now deceased, researchers of Russian avant-garde architecture – Selim Khan-Magomedov, Anatoly Strigalyov and Vigdaria Khazanova.

In 1978, Jean-Louis, together with Alexei Gutnov, was the curator of the exhibition “Urban Space in the USSR” at the Pompidou Center – and 40 years later he gave a lecture “The Architecture of Optimism” on the so-called “New Element of Settlement” developed in Moscow. In 1979, he became one of the co-authors of the pivotal exhibition “Moscow-Paris” at the Pompidou center, which came over to the Pushkin Museum two years later. For the first time around, Russian and French art of the early twentieth century was exhibited in parallel, demonstrating close ties. Since then, in the lion’s share of his projects, he again and again placed Soviet culture in the international context.

Hardly any Russian researcher has managed to do even nearly as much as Jean-Louis Cohen has done for us: “Le Corbusier and the Mystique of the USSR: Theories and Projects for Moscow, 1928-1936” (1987), “Scenes of the World to Come: European Architecture and the American Challenge, 1893-1960” (1995), “Lost Vanguard: Soviet Modernist Architecture, 1922–32, Photographs by Richard Pare” (2007), “Architecture in Uniform: Designing and Building for the Second World War” (2011), “Future Architecture Since 1889: A Worldwide History” (2012), “Le Corbusier: An Atlas of Modern Landscapes” (2013), and “Building a new New World: Amerikanizm in Russian Architecture” (2019). The last exhibition was supposed to come to Moscow, to the Shchusev Museum of Architecture, but Covid happened, and then the events that everybody knows about. What remains is only a recording of his lecture on this subject at the Garage Museum of Contemporary Art.

At the exhibition “Le Corbusier. Secrets of Creativity. Between Painting and Architecture” (2012) at the Pushkin Museum, there was literally nowhere to fall – from exhibits and visitors. The Tsvetaev enfilade never looked so modern. Jean-Louis was a key figure in the years-long process of including Le Corbusier’s buildings in the UNESCO World Heritage List. The nomination was finally approved in 2016, but Le Corbusier’s largest building in Europe, the House of the Tsentrsoyuz in Moscow, about which Jean-Louis wrote so much, was not included in the final list due to distortions of the author’s design and subsequent unsuccessful restoration.

Jean-Louis was Chairman of the International Supervisory Board for the preservation of the Melnikov House. With his characteristic sobriety, he was able to put aside personal and political differences and focus on the interests of the cause. He was pleased that the house had been professionally surveyed by the engineering company ARUP and was cautiously optimistic that the scientific restoration would begin. He was a figure who could legitimize any gathering. He was a knight and he was a king.

Jean-Louis died at the family home in Ardèche, in the picturesque mountainous midlands of France. The stone peasant house at the top of the mountain was bought with the money his mother received as compensation for Holocaust victims. For years, they restored it with his father. After a busy school year, endless intercontinental flights, speeches, and discoveries, he came here every summer – to rest and write. Hundreds of rare Russian-language books were hidden in his dusky library in the rural French countryside. Here he thought, wrote and talked about Russia.

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    Jean-Louis Cohen′s house in Ardèche.
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    Jean-Louis Cohen′s house in Ardèche.
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    Jean-Louis Cohen′s house in Ardèche.
    Copyright: Photograph © Marina Khrustaleva
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    Jean-Louis Cohen′s house in Ardèche.
    Copyright: Photograph © Marina Khrustaleva
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    Jean-Louis Cohen′s house in Ardèche.
    Copyright: Photograph © Marina Khrustaleva
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    Jean-Louis Cohen′s house in Ardèche.
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    Jean-Louis Cohen′s house in Ardèche.
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    Jean-Louis Cohen′s house in Ardèche.
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    Jean-Louis Cohen′s house in Ardèche.
    Copyright: Photograph © Marina Khrustaleva


Here in Ardèche, Jean-Louis taught me one of my biggest lessons. “How do you cut cheese?” – he exclaimed when he saw me cutting the rind off the edge – “Round cheese should only be cut through the center, in segments! One must respect the shape of the object, it must remain what it is no matter what!” Here Jean-Louis was making for us his apricot jam in an antique copper basin on a cast iron stove.

One of the projects he was going to work on this summer was an encyclopedic volume on nineteenth- and twentieth-century Russian architecture. Recent events had put his scheduled travels on hold. He was the first to tell me with bitter certainty a few days before February 24 that things were about to begin. He was monstrously worried about <events> and was trying to keep in touch with friends in Russia and Ukraine. In his last letter, a month ago, in response to a birthday greeting, he wrote: “I continue to dream in this hellish world...” He died instantly from a wasp sting. I don’t know if he made jam that day. I want to believe he was happy there.

20 August 2023

Headlines now
​The Ever-Changing Mist
T+T Architects has developed a concept for a premium business center featuring “living” façades that change their configuration depending on weather conditions, time of day, and the occupants’ needs, transforming the building into an urban-scale installation. The idea of endless variability continues inside, with interiors designed to accommodate different scenarios of use. Some of the engineering solutions proposed for the project are being introduced to the Russian commercial real estate market for the first time.
​A Small Book of Farewell
The book dedicated to Valery Kanyashin, published by his colleagues at Ostozhenka Architects, is remarkably small. It fits comfortably in the palm of your hand, more like sketchbook than an actual architectural monograph. Combined with its tiny print run, the result is an intentionally unglamorous, decidedly non-representational publication – one that is made “for friends”. Yet the way it weaves together projects, texts, photographs, and drawings is remarkably subtle. Perhaps this is precisely how one comes to understand a person, at least a little, by tracing the course of their creative life.
Win-Win
For Perm, the opening of the new home for its Art Gallery – guardian of the famous collection of Perm wooden sculpture – marks the end of a 35-year search for a building worthy of a collection that had long outgrown the city cathedral that had served as its only home. Sergey Tchoban considers the project one of the most important of his career in Russia and emphasizes that it deliberately avoids “iconic” architecture in favor of contextual appropriateness. We traveled to Perm to explore both the building and its extensive new exhibition, and found that, much like Tchoban’s other museum projects, it is conceived in a distinctly contemporary way: the old and the new do not merely coexist but reinforce one another through contrast, sharpening the visitor’s perception of the museum.
A Score for 12th Line
“Amo”, a residential complex designed by Stepan Liphart on Vasilyevsky Island, brings together three architectural ideas: the cour d’honneur, a piazzetta-like courtyard, and imagery borrowed from Renaissance architecture. Together, these elements make a contemporary apartment complex feel more humane, extending the theme of individuality in residential design. The effect is achieved through a carefully calibrated vocabulary of moderately standardized components: recessed façade panels enriched with sgraffito ornament, a disciplined hierarchy of cornices and moldings, and a series of bespoke decorative details. The development combines residential and hotel sections that frame the restored wooden mansion of the Brömme brothers.
Riverfront Façade
The Premium residential complex, designed by KPLN, has been built in the town of Pushkino, just outside Moscow, on the banks of the Serebryanka River. Its two towers reinforce the scale of the high-rise development that emerged here in the 2000s, while introducing a bolder architectural form that reads more effectively from a distance, along with a system of contrasts and design strategies responding to the site’s waterfront setting. One of the project’s distinctive features is a series of metal discs that conceal air-conditioning units while serving as an additional decorative layer.
A Construction Set for Adult Life
In the project by Atrium, the new building for Moscow’s School No. 2107, designed to accommodate 1,100 students, is above all a carefully organized system of learning and recreational spaces. On the one hand, it is complex and highly articulated; on the other, it remains intuitive, safe, and conducive to personal growth. In a sense, it serves as a model of life in the city – a place where one must communicate, make decisions, plan ahead, and find a balance between work and leisure. All of these scenarios are reflected, to varying degrees, in the building’s architecture.
Axis of Rotation
One of the installations in the Masters exhibition at Arch Moscow featured a futuristic yet entirely feasible project by Vladimir Plotkin and TPO Reserve – a tower that could be assembled from prefabricated factory-made modules. The concept even incorporates the possibility of slow rotation (!). Using the same module, one could create a residential block, a giant cantilevered “arrow”, or virtually any other configuration you could possibly think of. Let us take a closer look at the module itself.
A New Magazine and a New Ranking
The magazine Expert.Urban has only just appeared, apparently timed to coincide with Arch Moscow. It is published with the support of VEB.RF and Strelka KB. We have not yet had time to read it cover to cover, but the impression so far is that it consists of about eighty percent interviews. It also features a distinctly “Strelka-style” initiative: a ranking of the “Best Architect of Moscow in the 21st Century”. So, who came out on top? Sergey Skuratov. Yuri Grigoryan took second place, and Sergei Tchoban came third.
Oleg Shapiro: “We design life as a whole, in all of its diversity”
Wowhaus has long since outgrown its association with “urban improvement” projects alone. One of its newer directions is neo-industrialization. Another is large-scale master planning. Yet work on Gorky Park is once again underway – only now on a more systematic and far-reaching level. In this interview, we simultaneously revisit Rem Koolhaas, Strelka, and the history of attention to the “urban environment”, while also exploring what exactly Wowhaus is working on today and how the company operates – with its nine divisions and approximately 160 employees.
Red Card for Copyright
The development concept for the territory of Shinnik Stadium in Yaroslavl, prepared by PI ARENA, took second place in an open call competition. The architects proposed a unified structure combining a football arena, a hotel, and the headquarters of PSB Bank, with carefully considered usage scenarios. However, the competition was organized in such a way that the team ultimately chose to forgo the prize money in order to retain their copyright.
CinemaHologram
Not long ago, the Moscow authorities approved the project for a new House of Cinema complex by Kleinewelt Architekten. The original 1968 building could not be preserved – yet the architects managed to save its stained-glass panels, metal reliefs, and even the volumetric parameters of the structure, which will continue to house the Union of Cinematographers and cinema halls. The project’s main focal point, however, will be a residential tower. We examine its sculptural qualities and its allusions within the Moscow context.
Form as Method: TPO Reserve
At the core of the concept developed by Vladimir Plotkin and TPO Reserve lies an unconventional morphology that addresses functional challenges beyond purely formal concerns. Above all, however, it serves expressiveness and creates a rare kind of spatial and emotional experience, as becomes evident when examining the project’s key solutions. We studied it in detail, and it was all worth it. Our interpretation is that what drives this project is neither style nor even metaphor, but rather a method.
Mound of Memory
The competition proposal for a memorial complex on the Pulkovo Heights by Studio 44 will not be realized, yet it deserves attention as an intriguing example of how architecture can symbolize traumatic events and thereby contribute to their processing and integration into human experience. The architects also succeed in combining memorial and recreational functions without slipping either into excessive dramatization or oversimplification. The project develops ideas explored in two earlier competition entries that likewise remained unbuilt – the Museum of the Siege of Leningrad and the Tuchkov Buyan park. It also recalls the mound-like hill that Alexander Nikolsky embodied in the form of the now-lost stadium on Krestovsky Island.
Home Base
Working on the new building for Letovo Junior School – opened to students in autumn 2025 in the MSU Valley – the architects of UNK, following the client’s vision, subordinated both façades and interiors to the theme of “home”. Multiple variations of pitched roofs, a city skyline traced across glass balustrades, wooden textures, and a whole series of micro-spaces for retreat within public areas are all at the disposal of primary and middle school students. We take a closer look at the new school building – and at how it interprets current trends in educational environments.
Doubles Match
The architecture of the Tennis Palace built in Luzhniki Olympic Complex, designed by Arena Design Institute, was shaped by three factors: the proximity of the brutalist Druzhba Arena, the closeness of the Moskva River and the metro bridge overpass, as well as the specifics of the function – tennis courts require large spans, abundant light, yet at the same time protection from direct sunlight. The architects divided the building into several blocks, playing on contrast, which is further emphasized by the façades developed in collaboration with TPO Reserve and Vladimir Plotkin.
Microdynamics of Macroprocesses
Given the proximity of the multifunctional complex SOLOS to Sokolniki Park and to a major transport hub, Kleinewelt Architekten embedded in the design of the two high-rise towers a sense of dynamism more characteristic of natural phenomena than of man-made objects. Without the authors’ diagrams, this logic is not easy to decipher, although the eye immediately detects a pattern and tries to grasp it. It seems to us that one tower contains the impulse of a bud about to open, while the other evokes the movement of a lithospheric plate. Let us try to unravel it together.
The Space of Post-Cubism
Sergei Tchoban and Alexandra Sheiner, of Studio CHART, created for the exhibition of “post-cubist” sculpture by Beatrice Sandomirskaya – a talented and even “mainstream” artist, yet almost unknown even to art historians – a space akin to her sculptural language: solidly built, confidently stereometric, and subtly expressive. It curves, emphasizing the mass of the sculpture, envelops the viewer, and guides them from one perspective to another, from a generic “shrine” to a “Madonna”.
The Value of Open Space
For the site near the Barrikadnaya Metro Station, Sergey Skuratov developed five projects between 2020 and 2025. Two of them were ones that won the client’s invitation-only competitions. The fifth was recently selected by the Mayor of Moscow for implementation. The project is vivid and sculptural, expressive, eye-catching, and engaging – very much in line with the spirit of our time. And yet, this project is mid-rise rather than tall. In its northwestern part, near the metro and Druzhinnikovskaya Street, it shapes a comfortable urban environment. On the opposite side, it opens up, allowing sunlight into the courtyard and creating a spatial pause within the dense city fabric. How it is organized, what geometric principles underlie it, and why it takes this form – all this is explored in our article.
Coming From the Cold
The ArchBukhta Festival remains one of the few events in Russia where participants go through the entire process of creating an architectural object – from concept to construction. And they do so on the shores of Lake Baikal, in dedication to it. This year, GAFA took part and shared its experience: a local legend, a team-specific design code, friendship, as well as ice skating and endurance in freezing temperatures all contributed to gaining something more than just an award.
Symphony of Water and Brick
The Alter residential complex, designed by Stepan Liphart and built on a bend of the Okhta River, is an example of a “drawn house”: the number of original architectural details is virtually immeasurable. As a result, ribs, projections, and recesses create a picturesque silhouette even without a significant variation in height. Both composition and material respond to the proximity of the river and to the red-brick factory building dating back to the early 20th century. The project was also significantly shaped by recommendations from the city’s chief architect. More details in our article.
The Penguin House
The building with a curved façade on Brestskaya Street is one of the manifestos of Russian neomodernism of the early 2000s, a sculpture – this is how Anatoly Belov interprets it, speaking of “breaking from the modernist canon and the contextual approach”. We do not fully agree with the author, but his perspective is an interesting one.
Wave and Vertical
The premium residential complex designed by GAFA for a site in the Khoroshevsky District responds to multiple constraints – the arc of a planned roadway, the water protection zone of the Khodynka River, and insolation requirements – through inventive massing. The composition is built on the interplay of two spatial layers: an elongated perimeter block and three towers concealed behind it generate the silhouette and key viewpoints, while also adding semantic depth reinforced by the façade solutions. Another defining feature is a large private courtyard, complemented by a citywide linear park.
Office on Trubnaya
We continue publishing projects by Valery Kanyashin. A building once described, a quarter century ago, as an example of “quiet modernism” has remained just that in some people’s memory. According to Anatoly Belov, its main quality is its unobtrusiveness. The architects from Ostozhenka say the leading role here is played by context and landscape – the change in elevation. Yet is it really so inconspicuous?
The First International
With this publication, we begin a series of texts dedicated to works by the late Valery Kanyashin, one of the founders of Ostozhenka Architects. As it happens, the projects he was involved in largely illustrate our understanding of the firm and its history. The first project in this series is the International Moscow Bank on Prechistenskaya Embankment.
In Memory of Valery Kanyashin
On Friday, February 27, architect Valery Kanyashin passed away – co-founder of Ostozhenka Architects and the author of many significant buildings in Moscow. We publish a text by Anatoly Belov in memory of Valery Kanyashin.
Hypertext in Space
As part of the exhibition “What We Have We (Do Not) Keep”, Sergey Tchoban, the Museum of Architecture, and the CHART studio experiment with an eco-conscious approach to exhibition design, with thematic cross-references and even with publicistic reflections on the necessity of preserving modernism, the roots of contemporary architecture, and the birth of ideas. All of this makes the exhibition, with its light and transparent design, look quite innovative. The elements – both “material” and conceptual – are familiar, yet their combination is far from conventional.
The Outline of “Foundation”
In their competition proposal for the Fili transport hub, the consortium led by Alexey Ilyin proposed an “inhabited arch” – a form that is simple yet complex. The architects emphasize that even at the competition stage, the project’s feasibility was fully calculated, taking into account the minimal nighttime closures of Bagration Avenue. How was this achieved? With what functions? Let us take a closer look. In our view, the building would have suited the heroes of Isaac Asimov’s Foundation novels perfectly.
The Flying Horizontal
“A house in the spirit of Wright”, as architect Roman Leonidov describes it, pointing to his source of inspiration, was built on a challenging wedge-shaped site. To achieve a sense of intimacy and secure good views from the windows, the entire volume had to be shifted toward the far boundary, turning the house “back” to the neighboring mansions. The main façade demonstrates time-tested techniques often employed by the company: articulated horizontals, a weightless roofline, and a triad of materials – light plaster, dark slate, and warm wood.
Needles of Horizon Contemplation
The “House of Horizons”, designed by Kleinewelt Architekten in Krylatskoye, is carefully thought out at the stereometric level – from the logic of how the volumes interlock (and, conversely, how gaps are articulated between them) to the triangular balconies that give the building its striking, slightly bristling silhouette.
The Red Thread
A linear park project prepared by Alexey Ilyin studio for the improvement of a riverbank in one of the residential districts seeks to reconnect people with nature. Two levels of the embankment invite visitors to contemplate the landscape while at the same time protecting the riverbank from excessive human impact. The “aerial street” links functional zones and the opposite banks, creating new points of attraction along the way: balconies, bridges, and even a “grotto”.