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In memory of Jean-Louis Cohen

Marina Khrustaleva – about Jean-Louis Cohen (20.07.1949-7.08.2023), French architect and architectural historian that specialized in modern architecture and city planning.

20 August 2023
in memoriam
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Two weeks ago, we lost Jean-Louis Cohen. Architect, historian of twentieth-century architecture, writer, curator, he was one of the most active and productive people I have ever known. Professor at a dozen universities, chairman of every possible committee, recipient of the most prestigious awards, he was unimaginably hardworking and industrious. Every year he published a major book and opened major exhibitions in the world’s leading museums that became cultural milestones. This year alone it was an exhibition on the Brazilian modernist Paolo Mendes da Rocha in Portugal and “Paris Moderne 1914-1945: Architecture, Design, Film, Fashion” in Shanghai.

Jean-Louis was the creator of one of the largest architectural museums in Europe, the Center of Architecture and Heritage in Paris, located in the Palais de Chaillot, which includes a collection of architectural fragments and casts by Viollet-le-Duc. Having started work in 1998 and brought the museum almost to its opening, in 2003 he left the project due to disagreements with the Ministry of Culture - his delicacy in personal communication was juxtaposed with the firmness of principle in professional matters. He was respected by his colleagues and adored by students all over the world, he helped everyone, cared for everyone, connected people, wrote letters of support – and worked endlessly.

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    Jean-Louis Cohen in his house in Ardèche.
    Copyright: Photograph © Vladimir Paperny
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    Jean-Louis Cohen (20.07.1949-7.08.2023)


What was Jean-Louis to Russia? A passionate researcher, interpreter, connoisseur and ambassador. His grandfather, the famous linguist Marcel Cohen, and his father, a correspondent for the newspaper Humanite in Moscow, were sincere communists; the Russian language had been in his family since his childhood. At the age of 15, Jean-Louis spent a happy month in the pioneer camp “Orlyonok” and significantly enriched his vocabulary – he was able to express himself in Russian strongly and accurately. In the 1970s, he often came to Moscow, getting to know Konstantin Melnikov in the last year of his life, and a splendid galaxy of the first, now deceased, researchers of Russian avant-garde architecture – Selim Khan-Magomedov, Anatoly Strigalyov and Vigdaria Khazanova.

In 1978, Jean-Louis, together with Alexei Gutnov, was the curator of the exhibition “Urban Space in the USSR” at the Pompidou Center – and 40 years later he gave a lecture “The Architecture of Optimism” on the so-called “New Element of Settlement” developed in Moscow. In 1979, he became one of the co-authors of the pivotal exhibition “Moscow-Paris” at the Pompidou center, which came over to the Pushkin Museum two years later. For the first time around, Russian and French art of the early twentieth century was exhibited in parallel, demonstrating close ties. Since then, in the lion’s share of his projects, he again and again placed Soviet culture in the international context.

Hardly any Russian researcher has managed to do even nearly as much as Jean-Louis Cohen has done for us: “Le Corbusier and the Mystique of the USSR: Theories and Projects for Moscow, 1928-1936” (1987), “Scenes of the World to Come: European Architecture and the American Challenge, 1893-1960” (1995), “Lost Vanguard: Soviet Modernist Architecture, 1922–32, Photographs by Richard Pare” (2007), “Architecture in Uniform: Designing and Building for the Second World War” (2011), “Future Architecture Since 1889: A Worldwide History” (2012), “Le Corbusier: An Atlas of Modern Landscapes” (2013), and “Building a new New World: Amerikanizm in Russian Architecture” (2019). The last exhibition was supposed to come to Moscow, to the Shchusev Museum of Architecture, but Covid happened, and then the events that everybody knows about. What remains is only a recording of his lecture on this subject at the Garage Museum of Contemporary Art.

At the exhibition “Le Corbusier. Secrets of Creativity. Between Painting and Architecture” (2012) at the Pushkin Museum, there was literally nowhere to fall – from exhibits and visitors. The Tsvetaev enfilade never looked so modern. Jean-Louis was a key figure in the years-long process of including Le Corbusier’s buildings in the UNESCO World Heritage List. The nomination was finally approved in 2016, but Le Corbusier’s largest building in Europe, the House of the Tsentrsoyuz in Moscow, about which Jean-Louis wrote so much, was not included in the final list due to distortions of the author’s design and subsequent unsuccessful restoration.

Jean-Louis was Chairman of the International Supervisory Board for the preservation of the Melnikov House. With his characteristic sobriety, he was able to put aside personal and political differences and focus on the interests of the cause. He was pleased that the house had been professionally surveyed by the engineering company ARUP and was cautiously optimistic that the scientific restoration would begin. He was a figure who could legitimize any gathering. He was a knight and he was a king.

Jean-Louis died at the family home in Ardèche, in the picturesque mountainous midlands of France. The stone peasant house at the top of the mountain was bought with the money his mother received as compensation for Holocaust victims. For years, they restored it with his father. After a busy school year, endless intercontinental flights, speeches, and discoveries, he came here every summer – to rest and write. Hundreds of rare Russian-language books were hidden in his dusky library in the rural French countryside. Here he thought, wrote and talked about Russia.

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    Jean-Louis Cohen′s house in Ardèche.
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    Jean-Louis Cohen′s house in Ardèche.
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    Jean-Louis Cohen′s house in Ardèche.
    Copyright: Photograph © Marina Khrustaleva
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    Jean-Louis Cohen′s house in Ardèche.
    Copyright: Photograph © Marina Khrustaleva
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    Jean-Louis Cohen′s house in Ardèche.
    Copyright: Photograph © Marina Khrustaleva
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    Jean-Louis Cohen′s house in Ardèche.
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    Jean-Louis Cohen′s house in Ardèche.
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    Jean-Louis Cohen′s house in Ardèche.
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    Jean-Louis Cohen′s house in Ardèche.
    Copyright: Photograph © Marina Khrustaleva


Here in Ardèche, Jean-Louis taught me one of my biggest lessons. “How do you cut cheese?” – he exclaimed when he saw me cutting the rind off the edge – “Round cheese should only be cut through the center, in segments! One must respect the shape of the object, it must remain what it is no matter what!” Here Jean-Louis was making for us his apricot jam in an antique copper basin on a cast iron stove.

One of the projects he was going to work on this summer was an encyclopedic volume on nineteenth- and twentieth-century Russian architecture. Recent events had put his scheduled travels on hold. He was the first to tell me with bitter certainty a few days before February 24 that things were about to begin. He was monstrously worried about <events> and was trying to keep in touch with friends in Russia and Ukraine. In his last letter, a month ago, in response to a birthday greeting, he wrote: “I continue to dream in this hellish world...” He died instantly from a wasp sting. I don’t know if he made jam that day. I want to believe he was happy there.

20 August 2023

Headlines now
The Copper Mirror
The varied-toned sheen of “unsealed” copper, painterly streaks and fingerprints, exposed concrete, and the unusual proportions – when you study the ZILART Museum building by Sergei Tchoban and SPEECH architects, there is plenty to talk about. However, it seems to us that the most interesting thing is how the museum’s composition responds to the realities of the district itself. The residential district has been realized as an open-air exhibition of façade statements by contemporary architects – but without public access to the inner courtyards of the blocks. This building – that is, the museum – is exactly the opposite: on the outside, it is deliberately restrained, while inside it shines spectacularly, creating its own sunbeams in any weather.
“Strangers” in the City
We asked Alexander Skokan for a comment on the results of 2025 – and he sent us a whole article, moreover one devoted to the discussion we recently began on the “appropriateness of high-rises” – or, more broadly speaking, “contrasting insertions into the urban fabric”. The result is a text that is essentially a question: why here? Why like this?
Dmitry Ostroumov: “To use the language of alchemy, we are involved in the process of “transmutation...
What we ended up having was an extremely unusual conversation with Dmitry Ostroumov. Why? At the very least, because he is not just an architect specializing in the construction of Orthodox churches. And not just – which is an extreme rarity – a proponent of developing contemporary stylistics within this still highly conservative field. Dmitry Ostroumov is a Master of Theology. So in addition to the history and specifics of the company, we speak about the very concept of the temple, about canon and tradition, about the living and the eternal, and even about the Russian Logos.
A Glazed Figurine
In searching for an image for a residential building near the Novodevichy Convent, GAFA architects turned to their own perception of the place: it evoked associations with antiquity, plein-air painting, and vintage artifacts. The two towers will be entirely clad in volumetric glazed ceramic – at present, there are no other buildings like this in Russia. The complex will also stand out thanks to its metabolic bay-window cells, streamlined surfaces, a ceremonial “hotel-style” driveway, and a lobby overlooking a lush garden.
A Knight’s Move via the Cour d’Honneur
Intercolumnium Architects presented to the City Planning Council a residential complex project that is set to replace the Aquatoria business center on Vyborgskaya Embankment. Experts praised the overall quality of the work, but expressed reservations about the three cour d’honneurs and suggested softening the contrast between the facades facing the embankment and the Kantemirovsky Bridge.
A Small Country
Mezonproekt is developing a long-term master plan for the MEPhI campus in Obninsk. Over the next ten years, an enclave territory of about 100 hectares, located in a forest on the northern edge of the city, is set to transform into a modern center for the development of the nuclear energy sector. The plan envisions attracting international students and specialists, as well as comprehensive territorial development: both through the contemporary realization of “frozen” plans from the 1980s and through the introduction of new trends – public spaces, an aquapark, a food court, a school, and even a nuclear medicine center. Public and sports facilities are intended to be accessible to city residents as well, and the campus is to be physically and functionally connected to Obninsk.
Pearl Divers
GAFA has designed an apartment complex for Derbent intended to switch people from a work mode to a resort mindset – and to give the surrounding area a much-needed jolt. The building offers two distinct faces: restrained and laconic on the city side, and a lushly ornate façade facing the sea. At the heart of the complex, a hidden pearl lies – an open-air pool with an arch, offering views of a starry sky, and providing direct access to the beach.
A Satellite Island
The Genplan Institute of Moscow has prepared a master plan for the development of the Sarpinsky and Golodny island system, located within the administrative boundaries of Volgograd and considered among the largest river islands in Russia. By 2045, the plan envisions the implementation of 15 large-scale investment projects, including sports and educational clusters, a congress center with a “Volgonarium”, a film production cluster, and twenty-one theme parks. We explain which engineering, environmental, and transportation challenges must be addressed to turn this vision into reality. The master plan solutions have already been approved and incorporated into the city’s general development plan.
The Amber Gate
The Amber City residential complex is one of the redevelopment projects in the former industrial area located beyond Moscow’s Third Ring Road near Begovaya metro station. Alexey Ilyin’s studio proposed an original master plan that transformed two clusters of towers into ceremonial propylaea, gave the complex a recognizable silhouette, and established visual connections with new high-rise developments on both right and left – thus integrating it into the scale of the growing metropolis. It is also marked by its own futuristic stylistic language, based on a reinterpreted streamline aesthetic.
A Theater Triangle
The architectural company “Chetvertoe Izmerenie” (“Fourth Dimension”) has developed the design for a new stage of the Magnitogorsk Musical Theater, rethinking not only theater architecture but also the role of the theater in the contemporary city.
Aleksei Ilyin: “I approach every task with genuine interest”
Aleksei Ilyin has been working on major urban projects for more than 30 years. He has all the necessary skills for high-rise construction in Moscow – yet he believes it’s essential to maintain variety in the typologies and scales represented in his portfolio. He is passionate about drawing – but only from life, and also in the process of working on a project. We talk about the structure and optimal size of an office, about his past and current projects, large and small tasks, and about creative priorities.
​A Golden Sunbeam
A compact brick-and-metal building in the growing Shukhov Park in Vyksa seems to absorb sunlight, transform it into yellow accents inside, and in the evening “give it back” as a warm golden glow streaming from its windows. It is, frankly, a very attractive building: both material and lightweight at the same time, with lightness inside and materiality outside. Its form is shaped by function – laconic, yet far from simple. Let’s take a closer look.
Architecton Awards
In 2025, the jury of the Architecton festival reviewed the finalist projects through live, open presentations held right in the exhibition hall – a rather engaging performance, and something rarely seen among Russian awards. It would be great if “Zodchestvo” adopted this format. Below, we present all the winning projects, including four special nominations.
Garden of Knowledge
UNK architects and UNK design created the interiors of the Letovo Junior campus, working together with NF Studio, which was responsible for developing the educational technology that takes into account the needs and perception of younger and middle school children.
The Silver Skates
The STONE Kaluzhskaya office quarter is accompanied by two residential towers, making the complex – for it is indeed a single ensemble – well balanced in functional terms. The architects at Kleinewelt gave the residential buildings a silvery finish to match the office blocks. How they are similar, how they differ, and what “Silver Skates” has to do with it – we explore in this article.
On the Dynastic Trail
The houses and townhouses of the “Tsarskaya Tropа” (“Czar’s Trail”) complex are being built in the village of Gaspra in Crimea – to the west and east of the palaces of the former grand-ducal residence “Ai-Todor”. One of the main challenges for the architects at KPLN, who developed the project, was to respond appropriately to this significant neighboring heritage. How this influenced the massing, the façades, and the way the authors work with the terrain is explored in our article.
A New Path
The main feature of the Yar Park project, designed by Sergey Skuratov for Kazan, is that it is organized along the “spine” of a multifunctional mall with an impressive multi-height atrium space in its middle. The entire site, both on the city side and the Kazanka River embankment, is open to the public. The complex is intended not to become “yet another fenced enclave” but, as urban planners say, a “polycenter” – a new point of attraction for the whole of Kazan, especially its northern part, made up of residential districts that until now have lacked such a vibrant public space. It represents a new urban planning approach to a high-density mixed-use development situated in the city center – in a sense, an “anti-quarter”. Even Moscow, one might say, doesn’t yet have anything quite like it. Well, lucky Kazan!
Beneath the Azure Sky
A depository designed by Studio 44 will soon be built in Kenozersky National Park to preserve and display the so-called “heavens” – ceiling structures characteristic of wooden churches in the Russian North, painted with biblical scenes. For each of these “heavens”, the architects created a volume corresponding in scale and dimensions to the original church interior. The result is a honeycomb-like composition, with modules derived directly from the historic monuments themselves, allowing visitors to view the icons from the historically accurate angle – from below, looking upward. How exactly this works is the subject of our story.
​The Power of Lines
The building at the very beginning of New Arbat is the result of long deliberations over how to replace the former House of Communication. Contemporary, dynamic, and even somewhat zoomorphic in character, it is structured around a large diagonal grid. The building has become a striking accent both in the perspective of the former Kalinin Avenue and in the panorama of Arbat Square. Yet, unfortunately, the original concept was not fully realized. In 2020, the Moscow ArchCouncil approved a design featuring an exoskeleton – an external load-bearing structure, which eventually turned into a purely decorative element. Still, the power of the supergraphic “holds” the building, giving it the qualities of a new urban landmark with iconic potential. How this concept took shape, what unexpected associations might underlie the grid’s form, and why the exoskeleton was never built – all this is explored in our article.
Resort on the Kama River
Wowhaus has developed a project for the reconstruction of Korabelnaya Roshcha (“Mast Grove”), a wellness resort located on the banks of the Kama River.
Nests in Primorye
The eco-park project “Nests”, designed by Aleksey Polishchuk and the company Power Technologies, received first prize at the Eco-Coast 2025 festival, organized by the Union of Architects of Russia. For a glamping site in Filinskaya Bay, the authors proposed bird-shaped houses, treehouses, and a nest-shaped observation platform, topping it all with an entrance pavilion executed in the shape of an owl.
The Angle of String Tension
The House of Music, designed by Vladimir Plotkin and the architects of TPO Reserve, resembles a harp, and when seen from above, even a bass clef. But if only it were that simple! The architecture of the complex fuses two distinct expressive languages: the lattice-like, transparent, permeable vocabulary of “classical” modernism and the sculptural, ribbon-like volumes so beloved by today’s neo-modernism. How it all works – where the catharsis lies, which compositional axes underpin the design, where the project resembles Zaryadye Concert Hall and where it does not – read in the article below.
How Historic Tobolsk Becomes a Portal to the Future
Over the past decade, the architectural company Wowhaus has developed urban strategies for several Russian cities – Vyksa, Tula, and Nizhnekamsk, to name but a few. Against this backdrop, the Tobolsk master plan stands out both for its scale – the territory under transformation covers more than 220 square kilometers – and for its complexity.
St. Petersburg vs Rome
The center of St. Petersburg is, as we know, sacred – but few people can say with certainty where this “sacred place” actually begins and ends. It’s not about the formal boundaries, “from the Obvodny Canal to the Bolshaya Nevka”, but about the vibe that feels true to the city center. With the Nevskaya Ratusha complex – built to a design that won an international competition – Evgeny Gerasimov and Sergei Tchoban created an “image of the center” within its territory. And not so much the image of St. Petersburg itself, as that of a global metropolis. This is something new, something that hasn’t appeared in the city for a long time. In this article, we study the atmosphere, recall precedents, and even reflect on who and when first called St. Petersburg the “new Rome”. Clearly, the idea is alive for a reason.
On the Wave
The project of transforming the river port and embankment in the city of Cheboksary, developed by the ATRIUM Architects, involves one of the city’s key areas. The Volga embankment is to be turned into a riverside boulevard – a multifunctional, comfortable, and expressive space for work and leisure activities. The authors propose creating a new link with the city’s main Krasnaya (“Red”) Square, as well as erecting several residential towers inspired by the shape of the traditional national women’s headdress – these towers are likely to become striking accents on the Volga panorama.
Valery Kanyashin: “We Were Given a Free Hand”
The Headliner residential complex, the main part of which was recently completed just across from Moscow City, is a kind of neighbor to the MIBC that doesn’t “play along” with it. On the contrary, the new complex is entirely built on contrast: like a city of differently scaled buildings that seems to have emerged naturally over the past 20 years – which is a hugely popular trend nowadays! And yet here – perhaps only here – such a project has been realized to its full potential. Yes, high-rises dominate, but all these slender, delicate profiles, all these exciting perspectives! And most importantly – how everything is mixed and composed together... We spoke with the project’s leader Valery Kanyashin.
​The Keystone
Until quite recently, premium residential and office complexes in Moscow were seen as the exclusive privilege of the city center. Today the situation is changing: high-quality architecture is moving beyond the confines of the Third Ring Road and appearing on the outskirts. The STONE Kaluzhskaya business center is one such example. Projects like this help decentralize the megalopolis, making life and work prestigious in any part of the city.
Perpetuum Mobile
The interior of the headquarters of Natsproektstroy, created by the IND studio team, vividly and effectively reflects the client’s field of activity – it is one of Russia’s largest infrastructure companies, responsible for logistics and transport communications of every kind you can possibly think of.