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The Mastery of Counterpoint

In the sculpture of Classical Greece, counterpoint was first invented: the ability to position the human body as if it were about to take a step, imbuing it with a hint of the energy of future movement, and with hidden dynamics. For architecture, especially in the 20th century and now, this is also one of the main techniques, and the ATRIUM architects implement it diligently, consistently – and always slightly differently. The new residential complex “Richard” is a good example of such exploration, based on the understanding of contrasts in the urban environment, which was fused into the semblance of a living being.

25 August 2023
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Moscow is a city of contrasts in many places, and yet Zorge Street is one of the most vivid examples of this. This street stretches from south to north behind Khodynka; on its eastern side stand buildings constructed during the Stalinist period, followed by the “Birch Grove” park – a kind of ideal mid-rise, green-immersed quiet city with rare signs of life. The western side not too long ago was entirely composed of industrial zones and garages, situated along the Moscow Central Circle – and now this territory is being intensely developed.

“Richard” housing complex
Copyright: Photograph © Vlad Ainet / provided by ATRIUM


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    “Richard” housing complex
    Copyright: © ATRIUM
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    View from the side of the Stalinist houses. “Richard” housing complex
    Copyright: Photograph © Vlad Ainet / provided by ATRIUM


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    “Richard” housing complex
    Copyright: Photograph © Vlad Ainet / provided by ATRIUM
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    “Richard” housing complex
    Copyright: Photograph © Vlad Ainet / provided by ATRIUM


“Richard”, designed by ATRIUM architects and recently completed, is one of the new residential complexes. Its tall sections reach a height of 98 meters with 28 floors, offering upscale housing. Separating it from Zorge Street is a large and wide park, adjacent to a well-maintained area of the complex. On the ground floors on this side, there are cafes, shops, and a supermarket; the courtyards are enclosed, and the underground parking garage has one level – all of this has become a set of common decencies for a modern housing complex; such things are expected.

What IS intriguing, however, is the form of these buildings and how they respond to the environment.

The surroundings are contrasting to the point of amazement. Stalinist buildings are hidden behind trees, but on the opposite side, in the perspective gaps beyond the Moscow Central Circle, you can see cooling towers and brand-new pipes of the Combined Heat and Power Plant #16. The parking lot from the 1990s looks a bit worse, and even more unexpectedly, the new tall neighbor, the three under-construction residential towers of the “Zorge 9” complex, appears: they are placed so closely that there is a distinct feeling of “boundary violation” and a dispute among the towers, which is all the more astonishing because emptiness and industrial zones still prevail in the surroundings. As a result, a somewhat shaded canyon of a street emerges between the two complexes from the northern side.

“Richard” housing complex
Copyright: © ATRIUM


“Richard” housing complex
Copyright: Photograph © Vlad Ainet / provided by ATRIUM


In such an environment – sometimes not devoid of passive aggressiveness, and sometimes spacious and breezy – the “Richard” residential complex behaves like a living creature: first, it reacts to everything, and second, it makes attempts to sometimes raise its head, and sometimes curl up like a ball. It’s tempting to compare it to a group of large exotic animals – giraffes are the first thing that comes to mind. Generally speaking, giraffe-like buildings occasionally do appear in the context of Moscow’s design, which has recently been height-obsessed; however, I will immediately mention that the abstracted animal character of the buildings, manifesting itself in colorful “skins” and cantilevered “heads”, is ATRIUM’s signature style meant to emphasize this kind of “life-likeness” in their buildings. Their buildings have often reminded me of various creatures before; in recent years, ATRIUM has purposefully expanded this approach on a larger scale.

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    “Richard” housing complex
    Copyright: Photograph © Vlad Ainet / provided by ATRIUM
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    “Richard” housing complex
    Copyright: Photograph © Vlad Ainet / provided by ATRIUM


We saw our task as reducing the scale through contrasting solutions, dividing a large form into many smaller ones, thus reconciling the building with the existing environment, or at least creating links with existing houses.

We also wanted to embellish the volumetric and spatial relationships, and to emphasize the difference in volumes with bracing. Since I adhere to the thesis, not the most popular among my fellow architects, that architecture is a sculpture in which you can live, we strive for maximum plastique, or at least the maximum possible in its genre. As a rule, sectional houses have rather restrained plastique possibilities – for example, there are almost no cantilevers in the facade plane, but in this case we managed to make cantilevered structures and achieve a rather expressive sculpture by harmoniously distributing elements of different scales.


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    “Richard” housing complex
    Copyright: Photograph © Vlad Ainet / provided by ATRIUM
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    “Richard” housing complex
    Copyright: © ATRIUM


Indeed, despite the fact that both buildings are sectional and have an L-shape plan, they resemble more a conglomeration of pedestal-like structures and towers – a typology that has become prevalent in Moscow over the past decade. However, in this case, it has “fused” into sections and then visually organized itself in a slightly different manner: here we see not only towers and stylized base connections but also a horizontal volume placed on a foundation with a slight offset, or a vertical volume “growing” through a plate.

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    “Richard” housing complex
    Copyright: Photograph © Vlad Ainet / provided by ATRIUM
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    “Richard” housing complex
    Copyright: Photograph © Vlad Ainet / provided by ATRIUM


All of this is a mise-en-scène designed for perception from the outside: a sculpture “carved” from the rock of the multi-apartment monolith.

The buildings are composed of two main types of “architectural material”.

One type is responsible for contextual interplay with the Stalinist buildings – these are volumes clad in beige tiles that closely resemble bricks, with various tones and occasional dark-gray inclusions. As is customary for the conservative element, these surfaces are designed calmly and follow the vertical lines: the windows on parts of the facades are grouped in pairs, elongated proportionally with black inserts, and in some places gathered into narrow “slots”. Additionally, significant facades feature relief patterns suitable for brickwork: sloping surfaces and thin vertical cavities.

“Richard” housing complex
Copyright: Photograph © Vlad Ainet / provided by ATRIUM


“Richard” housing complex
Copyright: Photograph © Vlad Ainet / provided by ATRIUM


Surfaces responsible for the modern component of the image are more prominent – at a glance, I would say that they are about two-thirds of the overall volume, and they are solved more intricately and contrastingly. The main theme here is a white grid with predominance of horizontal lines, but without “ribbon” windows, just alternating between wide and not very wide ones. However, all predominantly vertical walls show us, first of all, the submergence of the protruding white stripe due to black inserts, and secondly, its inclination, each time at a slightly different angle. These are accompanied by the slopes of the piers on the first floor – they are now clearly likened to the legs of a centipede, which adds a lot of “animal character” to the building’s image. They have both necks and legs – what more could be said?

The second aspect of the “modern part” of the facades is sidewalls. They are made of glass, but with numerous differently colored slats, resembling small flags, forming a lively, light, and asymmetrical surface – it beautifully enlivens the houses in perspectives, appearing as a precious inlay, significantly different from the long-established simple bright-colored inserts in Moscow. Here, it is not a flat plane, but a volumetric hatching, illuminated by glints from the stained glass – a very pleasant technique, reminiscent of Le Corbusier’s Unité d’Habitation, but in a simplified form and in a more complex color palette: beige resonates with brick, blue with the sky.

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    “Richard” housing complex
    Copyright: Photograph © Vlad Ainet / provided by ATRIUM
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    “Richard” housing complex
    Copyright: Photograph © Vlad Ainet / provided by ATRIUM


The two themes, as was mentioned before, do not just merely coexist as is often the case in sectional buildings: a stripe of this, a stripe of that. Instead, they intertwine within the volume, being neatly separated by dark niches and other “cut-offs”, as mentioned by Anton Nadtochiy above.

However, the crescendo of the entire composition is undoubtedly the arch. It faces Zorge Street and the park, and is shifted towards the driveway for better visibility; in height, it spans 8 stories – a grand portal designed to attract attention with its shine and unusual shape. Compositionally, the arch inherits the idea previously experimented with by architects in the Barkli Park building on Soviet Army Street: the lower part accommodates the main entrance lobby, while above, there is an open space.

Here, quite clearly, two images “stitched” by the architects come together in a contrasting juxtaposition: the stable colonnade of the brick volume meets the cuts and angles of the modern one. We are seemingly invited to do a comparison.

“Richard” housing complex
Copyright: Photograph © Vlad Ainet / provided by ATRIUM


Furthermore, come right down to it, it’s not an arch at all; there’s nothing arch-like here, nor could there be. This thing much more resembles a gorge, and here the statement becomes very obvious – on the cross-section, it looks precious and golden.

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    “Richard” housing complex
    Copyright: Photograph © Vlad Ainet / provided by ATRIUM
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    “Richard” housing complex
    Copyright: Photograph © Vlad Ainet / provided by ATRIUM


This is where the main “face-off” of the two materials is staged: on one side, there is brick, on the other, triangle-cut gold (actually composite aluminum panels), and there is a white color at the top.

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    “Richard” housing complex
    Copyright: Photograph © Vlad Ainet / provided by ATRIUM
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    “Richard” housing complex
    Copyright: © ATRIUM


To do the architects justice, we must stress that there is only one golden insert here. Of course, it is directed towards the pedestrian coming from the street and driveway side, meant to capture their attention, and it does: you don’t even notice the brick at first. But this insert is single, that this is important.

Also important is the fact that the faceted golden surface extends into the lobby interior; a skylights has even been created in front of it. The entrance stained glass is also aligned with the golden facets as if it were a membrane. The two walls of the lobby are transparent, providing a view of the courtyard through it – it looks as if it is “stretched” between the two volumes of the house.

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    “Richard” housing complex
    Copyright: Photograph © Vlad Ainet / provided by ATRIUM
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    “Richard” housing complex
    Copyright: Photograph © Vlad Ainet / provided by ATRIUM


Here, one could fantasize: it would have been ideal to make the lobby entirely glass, light as air, with the brick also penetrating inside, just like the golden surface. However, inside, the brick is replaced by marble mosaic. Nonetheless, it works well: it is cozier for people, and the specifics of the interior space are more obvious; it is by no means “too outward”. The transition is well constructed, as is the connection between the “inside” and the “outside”.

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    “Richard” housing complex
    Copyright: Photograph © Vlad Ainet / provided by ATRIUM
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    “Richard” housing complex
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    “Richard” housing complex
    Copyright: Photograph © Vlad Ainet / provided by ATRIUM
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    “Richard” housing complex
    Copyright: Photograph © Vlad Ainet / provided by ATRIUM
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    “Richard” housing complex
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    “Richard” housing complex
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    “Richard” housing complex
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    “Richard” housing complex
    Copyright: Photograph © Vlad Ainet / provided by ATRIUM
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    “Richard” housing complex
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    “Richard” housing complex
    Copyright: Photograph © Vlad Ainet / provided by ATRIUM
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    “Richard” housing complex
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    “Richard” housing complex
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    “Richard” housing complex
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    “Richard” housing complex
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    “Richard” housing complex
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    “Richard” housing complex
    Copyright: Photograph © Vlad Ainet / provided by ATRIUM


It’s worth noting that the implementation is very close to what we see in the design – perhaps because ATRIUM worked on all stages, from concept and design development to detailed design and interiors. According to the architects, the project was executed quite quickly, despite the fact that the client initially only requested a small, more decorative treatment for the existing volumes. The architects revised everything, enriched the forms, and improved both the apartment layouts and the volumetric solutions, which turned the standard sectional building into something recognizable and unique.

Among other things, the architects chose not to alter the Tarakanovka River, which diagonally crosses the site – in fact, it is because of this river that the residential complex is divided into two L-shaped buildings, and their form, in turn, is determined by their adjacency to the street. The elongated sections are parallel to the street, while the smaller bridges face south and towards the views of Moscow-City.

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    “Richard” housing complex
    Copyright: © ATRIUM
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    “Richard” housing complex. Plan of the 5 floor
    Copyright: © ATRIUM
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    “Richard” housing complex
    Copyright: © ATRIUM


Aside from everything else, these buildings, especially the main one to the east, provide an example of a beautiful cross-section view. The lines that shape the sculptural volumes come together upon it in a manner reminiscent of some sort of speaking ornament, an icon-like contour of the very essence hidden within the complex’s plastique.

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    “Richard” housing complex
    Copyright: Photograph © Vlad Ainet / provided by ATRIUM
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    “Richard” housing complex
    Copyright: © ATRIUM


“Richard”, indeed, bears a resemblance to the “Barkli Park” building from a decade earlier: not only in the placement of the lobby within an arch but also in the interweaving of volumes and “narratives” and most importantly, in the attempt to consistently reflect the well-known thesis that the city is a living organism. The architects at ATRIUM attempt to populate it with “animated” dynamic buildings, creatively fusing contrasts within. If one were to look from above, the newly constructed “puzzle” somehow enters into a dialogue with the much larger and noticeably more unruly one, which the city presents to us as having developed independently over several periods of its growth: here, the beige color of the brick, there, the whiteness of the panels; here, the verticality of the pipes, and so on. They even arrange themselves in familiar patterns, both the building itself and everything around it.

“Richard” housing complex
Copyright: Photograph © Vlad Ainet / provided by ATRIUM


However, at the same time, the new building, while digesting all these themes, offers its own response and its own solution – one that might well serve as a context for future neighbors.

In the year 2022, “Richard” became the winner of the Urban Awards in the category of “Residential Complex with the Best Architecture”.

25 August 2023

Headlines now
Living in the Architecture of One’s Own Making
Do architects design houses for themselves? You bet! In this article, we are examining a new book by TATLIN publishing house. This book – unprecedented for Russia – features 52 private homes designed and built by contemporary architects for themselves. It includes houses that are famous, even iconic, as well as lesser-known ones; large and small, stylish and eccentric. To some extent, the book reflects the history of Russian architecture over the past 30 years.
A City Block Isoline
Another competition project for a residential complex on the banks of the Volga in Nizhny Novgorod has been prepared by Studio 44. A team of architects led by Ivan Kozhin concluded that using a regular block layout in such a location would be inappropriate and developed a “custom design” approach: a chain of parceled multi-section buildings stretching along the entire embankment. Let’s explore the features and advantages of this unconventional method.
Competition: The Price of Creativity?
Any day now, we’re expecting the results of a competition held by the “Samolet” development group for a plot in Kommunarka. In the meantime, we share the impressions of Editor-in-Chief Julia Tarabarina, who managed to conduct a public talk. Though technically focused on the interaction between developers and architects, the public talk turned into a discussion about the pros and cons of architectural competitions.
Terraced Design
The “River Park” residential complex has confidently and securely shaped the Nagatinsky Backwater shoreline. Featuring a public embankment, elevated courtyards connected by pedestrian bridges, and brick façades, the development invites exploration of its nuanced response to the surrounding context, as well as hints of the architects’ megalithic design thinking.
A Kremlin’s Core and Meteorite Fragments
We continue our coverage of the competition projects for the residential district that the development company GloraX plans to build along the embankment of the Rowing Channel in Nizhny Novgorod. ASADOV Architects approached the concept through a deep dive into local identity, using storytelling to pinpoint a central idea for the design: the master plan and composition are imagined as if a meteorite had struck a “proto-Kremlin”. Sounds weird? Find more details below!
The Volga Regatta
GloraX plans to develop a residential complex spanning 14 hectares along the Volga River in Nizhny Novgorod. The winning design in a closed-door competition, created by GORA Architects, features housing typologies ranging from townhouses to terraced high-rise slabs, a balance of functions, diverse ways of engaging with the water, and even a dedicated island (no less!) for the city residents.
A New Track
We took a thorough look at D_Station, a railcar repair depot dating back to 1906, recently reconstructed while preserving its century-old industrial structure, upon the project by Sergey Trukhanov and T+T Architects. Though work on the interiors – set to house restaurants and public spaces – is still underway, the building’s exterior already offers plenty to see. Visitors can explore the blend of old and new brickwork, appreciate the architect’s unique interpretation of ruin aesthetics, and enjoy the newly built pedestrian route that connects the Citydel Business Center’s arches to Kazakova Street.
Four Different Surveys
The “Explore the City” competition, organized this year by the Genplan Institute of Moscow, stands out as a pretty unconventional one for the architectural field but aligns perfectly well with the character of urban planning work. The winning project analyzed contemporary residential complexes, combining urban planning insights with a realtor’s perspective to propose a hybrid approach. Other entries explored public centers, motivations for car ownership, and housing vacancy rates. A fifth participant withdrew. Here’s a closer look at the four completed works.
Scheduled Evolution
ASADOV Architects unveiled the EvyCenter pavilion, a microcultural hub for fostering personal growth, organizing workshops, and doing gymnastics. Additionally, this pavilion serves as a prototype for a scalable country house, drawing inspiration from the “Loskutok” project, and constructed from CLT panels in a factory. This marks the beginning of a developer project initiated by the architectural firm (sic!), which is seeking partners to expand both small Evy settlements and even larger Evy cities, which are, according to Andrey Asadov, aimed at fostering the “evolutionary” development of the people who will inhabit them.
The Golden Crown
The concept for a dental clinic in Yekaterinburg, developed by CNTR Studio, revolves around the idea of a “mouth full of gold”: pristine white porcelain stoneware walls are complemented by matte brass details. To avoid an overly literal interpretation, the architects focused on the building’s proportions, skillfully navigating between sunlight requirements and fire safety regulations.
Flexibility and Integration
Not long ago, we covered the project for the fourth phase of the ÁLIA residential complex, designed by APEX. Now, we’ve been shown different fence concepts they developed to enclose the complex’s private courtyards, incorporating a variety of public functions. We believe that the sheer fact that the complex’s architects were involved in such a detail as fencing speaks volumes.
A Step Forward
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Gold in the Sands
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Layers and Levels of Flight
This project goes way back – Reserve Union won this architectural competition at the end of 2011, and the building was completed in 2018, so it’s practically “archival”. However, despite being relatively unknown, the building can hardly be considered “dated” and remains a prime example of architectural expression, particularly in the headquarters genre. And it’s especially fitting for an aviation company office. In some ways, it resembles the Aeroflot headquarters at Sheremetyevo but with its own unique identity, following the signature style of Vladimir Plotkin. In this article, we take an in-depth look at the United Aircraft Corporation (UAC) headquarters in the Moscow agglomeration town of Zhukovsky, supplemented by recent photographs from Alexey Naroditsky – a shoot that became only recently possible due to the fact that improvements were finally made in the surrounding area.
Light and Shadow
In this article, we delve into the architectural design of the “Chaika” house by DNK ag architects, which was recently completed in 2023 as part of the collection of signature designs at ZILArt. As is well-known, all the buildings in this complex follow a design code, yet each one is distinct. This particular building stands out not only for its whiteness and minimalism but also for the refined use of a limited number of techniques that, together, create what can confidently be called synergy.
Casus Novae
A master plan was developed for a large residential area with a name of “DNS City”, but now that its implementation began, the plan has been arbitrarily reformatted and replaced with something that, while similar on the surface, is actually quite different. This is not the first time such a thing happens, but it’s always frustrating. With permission from the author, we are sharing Maria Elkina’s post.
Treasure Hunting
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Depths of the Earth, Streams of Water
In the Malaya Okhta district, the Akzent building, designed by Stepan Liphart, was constructed. It follows a classic tripartite structure, yet it’s what you might call “hand-drawn”: each façade is unique in its form and details, some of which aren’t immediately noticeable. In this article, we explore the context and, together with the architect, delve into how the form was developed.
Fir Tree Dynamics
The “Airports of Region” holding is planning to build an airport in Karachay-Cherkessia, aiming to make the Arkhyz and Dombay resorts more accessible to travelers. The project that won in an invitation-only competition, submitted by Sergey Nikeshkin’s KPLN, blends natural imagery inspired by the shape of a conifer seed, open-air waiting spaces, majestic large trees, and a green roof elevated on needle-like columns. The result is both nature-inspired and WOW.
​A Brick Shell
In the process of designing a clubhouse situated among pine trees in a prestigious suburban area near Moscow, the architectural firm “A.Len” did the façade design part. The combination of different types of brick and masonry correlates with the volumetric and plastique solutions, further enhanced by the inclusion of wood-painted fragments and metal “glazing”.
Word Forms
ATRIUM architects love ambitious challenges, and for the firm’s thirtieth anniversary, they boldly play a game of words with an exhibition that dives deep into a self-created vocabulary. They immerse their projects – especially art installations – into this glossary, as if plunging into a current of their own. You feel as if you’re flowing through the veins of pure art, immersed in a universe of vertical cities, educational spaces – of which the architects are true masters – and the cultural codes of various locations. But what truly captivates is the bold statement that Vera Butko and Anton Nadtochy make, both through their work and this exhibition: architecture, above all, is art – the art of working with form and space.
Flexibility and Acuteness of Modernity
Luxurious, fluid, large “kokoshniks” and spiral barrel columns, as if made from colorful chewing gum: there seem to be no other mansion like this in Moscow, designed in the “Neo-Russian-Modern” style. And the “Teremok” on Malaya Kaluzhskaya, previously somewhat obscure, has “come alive with new colors” and gained visibility after its restoration for the office of the “architectural ecosystem” as the architects love to call themselves. It’s evident that Julius Borisov and the architects at UNK put their hearts into finding this new office and bringing it up to date. Let’s delve into the paradoxes of this mansion’s history and its plasticity. Spoiler: two versions of modernity meet here, both balancing on the razor’s edge of “what’s current”.
Yuri Vissarionov: “A modular house does not belong to the land”
It belongs to space, or to the air... It turns out that 3D printing is more effective when combined with a modular approach: the house is built in a workshop and then adapted to the site, including on uneven terrain. Yuri Vissarionov shares his latest experience in designing tourist complexes, both in central Russia and in the south. These include houseboats, homes printed from lightweight concrete using a 3D printer, and, of course, frame houses.
​Moscow’s First
“The quality of education largely depends on the quality of the educational environment”. This principle of the last decade has been realized by Sergey Skuratov in the project for the First Moscow Gymnasium on Rostovskaya Embankment in the Khamovniki district. The building seamlessly integrates into the complex urban landscape, responding both to the pedestrian flow of the city and the quiet alleyways. It skillfully takes advantage of the height differences and aligns with modern trends in educational space design. Let’s take a closer look.
Looking at the Water
The site of Villa Sonata stretches from the road to the water’s edge, offering its own shoreline, pier, and a picturesque river panorama. To reveal these sweeping views, Roman Leonidov “cut” the façade diagonally parallel to the river, thus getting two main axes for the house and, consequently, “two heads”. The internal core – two double-height spaces, a living room and a conservatory, with a “bridge” above them – makes the house both “transparent” and filled with light.
The White Wing
Well, it’s not exactly white. It’s more of a beige, white-stone structure that plays with the color of limestone – smoother surfaces are lighter, while rougher ones are darker. This wing unites various elements: it absorbs and interprets the surrounding themes. It responds to everything, yet maintains a cohesive expression – a challenging task! – while also incorporating recognizable features of its own, such as the dynamic cuts at the bottom, top, and middle.
Urban Dunes
The XSA Ramps team designed and built a three-part sports hub for a park in Rostov-on-Don, welcoming people of all ages and fitness levels. The skate plaza, pump track, and playground are all meticulously crafted with details that attract a diverse range of visitors. The technical execution of the shapes and slopes transforms this space into a kind of sculptural composition.
Proportional Growth
The project for the fourth phase of the ÁLIA residential area has been announced. The buildings are situated on an elongated plot – almost a “ray” that shoots out from the center of the area towards the river. Their layout reflects both a response to Moscow’s architectural preferences over the past 15 years, shifting “from blocks to towers”, and an interpretation of the neighboring business park designed by SOM. Additionally, the best apartments here are not located at the very top but closer to the middle, forming a glowing “waistline”.
The “Staircase” Building
In designing the “Details” residential complex in New Moscow, Rais Baishev spiced up the now-popular Moscow theme of a “courtyard” building with an idea drawn from the surrealist drawings by Maurits Escher. He envisioned the stepped silhouettes and descending slopes as a metaphysical mega-staircase, creating a key void within the courtyard that gave the project an internal “spine”. This concept is felt both in the building’s silhouette and on its façades.
Projection of the Quarter
No one doubted that the building that Vladimir Plotkin designed as part of the “Garden Quarters” would be the most modernist of all. And it turned out just that way: while adhering to the common design code, the building successfully combines brick and white stone, rhythmically responding to the neighboring building designed by Ostozhenka, yet tactfully and persistently making a few statements of its own. This includes the projection of the ideal urban development composition “14–9–6”, which can be found right next door, mathematical calculations, including those for various types of terraces (and perhaps the only reminder of the Soviet past of the Kauchuk rubber factory!), and the white “cross-stitch” pattern of the façade grid.