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​Open Space Manifesto

The Swiss Architecture Museum has recently closed the exhibition named “Forum Basel” devoted to open city spaces. Its co-curators were the Russian/Swiss company COSMOS and the Chilean architectural company Plan Comun.

24 July 2017
Overview
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For almost two months, in May and June 2017, the entrance to the Swiss Architecture Museum in Basel was free. Its halls, otherwise quiet and pristine, turned into an almost-outdoor space open to everyone: the exhibition Forum Basel opened its doors.

“This was an exhibition devoted to the public territories and the city of Basel as a testing ground where we can test new technologies and ideas. Its final part coincided with the fair “Art-Basel”. To a certain extent, the subject of the exhibition and the idea to make the museum entrance free came around as a response to hyper-commercialization of the city during Art-Basel” – shares Leonid Slonimsky, a partner of the firm COSMOS.

Art Drop project © COSMOS
Forum Basel exhibition © COSMOS


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Forum Basel exhibition © COSMOS


So, while Art-Basel is about the modern art as we knew it in the XX century, Forum Basel is more like a postcard from the future in which there are no national borders, the artists exhibit their paintings on Instagram, and paper money is replaced by Bitcoin.

So, the new director of SAM Andreas Ruby invited to revise the traditional public spaces of the city not some high-profile Swiss architectural firm but two young companies – the Chilean Plan Comun and the Russian COSMOS. These two companies might be considered as foreign but the Berliner Andreas Ruby defined the co-curators as “temporary locals”. In addition, Leonid Slonimsky and Artem Kitaev have lived and worked in Basel for more than four years – enough to understand the city context and take in the details. Incidentally, the Russian/American/Swiss company COSMOS was found by the director of the museum on social media websites.

Forum Basel exhibition © COSMOS


The architects of COSMOS, together with co-curators and the museum management proposed, as Leonid Slonimsky put it, “to give the museum to people”. All the four halls of SAM were turned into public spaces: in one of them, the visitors played table tennis, another was a co-working space, still another was a newsroom, where one could rest on a podium made of old newspapers and magazines (these were collected on Facebook), and the third hall featured video interviews with urbanist architects on how today’s cities can be improved. In order to breathe still more street life into the museum halls, the organizers invited street gypsy musicians to play at the inauguration ceremony.

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Forum Basel exhibition © COSMOS


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Forum Basel exhibition © COSMOS


Forum Basel exhibition © COSMOS


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Forum Basel exhibition © COSMOS


The visitors were numerous, and a casual observer could mistake what was going on in SAM for a staged performance. However, the “street culture” part was only a form of the discussion about rethinking the city spaces that otherwise would have become just boring enough to cause the experts’ interest and scare away those that these spaces are actually meant for.

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Forum Basel exhibition © COSMOS


COSMOS did a survey of Basel’s urban life, its public rituals, and a few buildings, on the basis of which they created their concepts of public territories that were exhibited alongside the projects of the invited Swiss architectural firms Vécsey&Schmidt, Caesar Zumthor, Manuel Herz, Focketyn del Rio Studio, Rahbaran Hürzeler, and Scheibler & Villard.

A fragment of the survey of the Rhein bathing rooms © COSMOS


A fragment of the survey of the Basel waterfronts © COSMOS


The survey of the city territory occupied by the Novartis campus © COSMOS


The survey of the potential of a waterfront neighborhood © COSMOS


Revitalization project © COSMOS


Concept of new ways of using the BIZ tower © COSMOS


A fragment of the survey of the Basel city rituals © COSMOS


A fragment of the survey of the Basel city rituals © COSMOS


The drafts and axonometric drawings that hung on the walls around the tennis table, at which the game never stopped for a second, placed the accents in the name of the exhibition: in “Forum Basel”, the word “forum” stands not for an event but for a space, very much like the Forum Romanum, open and alive.

“According to our design, the museum’s roof was to get a terrace with tables and chairs, for the people to go outside to get a breath of fresh air, talk to one another, and chill out in the shade cast by the trees. We even built a stairway for the people to climb and go out on the roof – Leonid Slonimsky shares – But this seemingly humble idea of bringing the tables and chairs out on the roof and make it accessible to people ran into a lot of bureaucratic obstacles, and ultimately, because of some obscure rules and regulations was prohibited altogether”. As for the tables and chairs, the architects left them on the roof, and turned the terrace, unimplemented but still attractive to visitors, into an installation named “Access Forbidden”.

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Forum Basel exhibition © COSMOS


Forum Basel exhibition © COSMOS
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COSMOS: Six Projects for Basel

Hidden Garden
A project of an underground park


Hidden Garden © COSMOS


The architects proposed to turn the old tunnel (the one through which the Birsig River flows) into an underground botanical garden. It could serve as a place for romantic walks, as well as a transient route especially handy during the rain. The microclimate inside of it is supported with special lamps, hydroponics, and heaters.

Hidden Garden © COSMOS


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Hidden Garden © COSMOS


Art Drop
A project of an art gallery on the water


Art Drop project © COSMOS


This concept unites the two most important tourist attractions of Basel – the Rhein River and the exhibition Art Basel. The floating platform will become a place for exhibitions, lectures, and celebrations. It will move around the river solely because of the flow, just like the traditional Basel ferries.

Art Drop project © COSMOS


Thermae Urbano © COSMOS


Thermae Urbano 
A concept of a city spa


Thermae Urbano © COSMOS


COSMOS proposed to heat up the water in the fountain next to the cathedral on the Muensterplatz in the cold seasons in order to turn it into a public spa: a mix of antiquity, Christian tradition, and the famous Basel fountains.

Thermae Urbano © COSMOS


Triangle Unbound © from the presentation of the firm COSMOS


Triangle Unbound
A manifesto project for the territory around Dreiländereck


Triangle Unbound © from the presentation of the firm COSMOS


A concept that “does not require architectural intrusion”. The territory around Dreiländereck (a monument that marks the tripoint where the borders of France, Germany and Switzerland meet) gets an extraterritorial status and is no longer subject to any effective state laws - with all the ensuing consequences.

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Illustration to the Triangle Unbound project © from the presentation of the firm COSMOS


De-fence © from the presentation of the firm COSMOS


De-fence! 
A plan for transforming an office territory


De-fence © from the presentation of the firm COSMOS


The members-only campus of the global healthcare company Novartis will be partially turned into a public territory open to city people in the non-working hours and on Sundays. During that time, the massive fence running around the territory will turn into an awning.

De-fence © from the presentation of the firm COSMOS


Discharge Schedule © from the presentation of the firm COSMOS


Discharge Schedule
How to spend your day in the city


Discharge Schedule © from the presentation of the firm COSMOS


By analogy with the official Swiss Abfuhrplan – a brochure that gives a detailed description of collecting and processing the city waste – the architects came up with an alternative version of their own: they gathered all the information and described how one can spend his or her day in the city – with adventures or misadventures, as the case might be.




24 July 2017

Headlines now
The Secret Briton
The house is called “Little France”. Its composition follows the classical St. Petersburg style, with a palace-like courtyard. The decor is on the brink of Egyptian lotuses, neo-Greek acroteria, and classic 1930s “gears”; the recessed piers are Gothic, while the silhouette of the central part of the house is British. It’s quite interesting to examine all these details, attempting to understand which architectural direction they belong to. At the same time, however, the house fits like a glove in the context of the 20th line of St. Petersburg’s Vasilievsky Island; its elongated wings hold up the façade quite well.
The Wrap-Up
The competition project proposed by Treivas for the first 2021 competition for the Russian pavilion at EXPO 2025 concludes our series of publications on pavilion projects that will not be implemented. This particular proposal stands out for its detailed explanations and the idea of ecological responsibility: both the facades and the exhibition inside were intended to utilize recycled materials.
Birds and Streams
For the competition to design the Omsk airport, DNK ag formed a consortium, inviting VOX architects and Sila Sveta. Their project focuses on intersections, journeys, and flights – both of people and birds – as Omsk is known as a “transfer point” for bird migrations. The educational component is also carefully considered, and the building itself is filled with light, which seems to deconstruct the copper circle of the central entrance portal, spreading it into fantastic hyper-spatial “slices”.
Faraday Grid
The project of the Omsk airport by ASADOV Architects is another concept among the 14 finalists of a recent competition. It is called “The Bridge” and is inspired by both the West Siberian Exhibition of 1911 and the Trans-Siberian Railway bridge over the Irtysh River, built in 1896. On one hand, it carries a steampunk vibe, while on the other, there’s almost a sense of nostalgia for the heyday of 1913. However, the concept offers two variants, the second one devoid of nostalgia but featuring a parabola.
Midway upon the Journey of Our Life
Recently, Tatlin Publishing House released a book entitled “Architect Sergey Oreshkin. Selected Projects”. This book is not just a traditional book of the architectural company’s achievements, but rather a monograph of a more personal nature. The book includes 43 buildings as well as a section with architectural drawings. In this article, we reflect on the book as a way to take stock of an architect’s accomplishments.
Inverted Fortress
This year, there has been no shortage of intriguing architectural ideas around the Omsk airport. The project developed by the architectural company KPLN appeals to Omsk’s history as a wooden fortress that it was back in the day, but transforms the concept of a fortress beyond recognition: it “shaves off” the conical ends of “wooden logs”, then enlarges them, and then flips them over. The result is a hypostyle – a forest of conical columns on point supports, with skylights on top.
Transformation of Annenkirche
For Annenkirche (St. Anna Lutheran Church in St. Petersburg), Sergey Kuznetsov and the Kamen bureau have prepared a project that relies on the principles of the Venice Charter: the building is not restored to a specific date, historical layers are preserved, and modern elements do not mimic the authentic ones. Let’s delve into the details of these solutions.
The Paradox of the Temporary
The concept of the Russian pavilion for EXPO 2025 in Osaka, proposed by the Wowhaus architects, is the last of the six projects we gathered from the 2022 competition. It is again worth noting that the results of this competition were not finalized due to the cancellation of Russia’s participation in World Expo 2025. It should be mentioned that Wowhaus created three versions for this competition, but only one is being presented, and it can’t be said that this version is thoroughly developed – rather, it is done in the spirit of a “student assignment”. Nevertheless, the project is interesting in its paradoxical nature: the architects emphasized the temporary character of the pavilion, and in its bubble-like forms sought to reflect the paradoxes of space and time.
The Forum of Time
The competition project for the Russian Pavilion at EXPO 2025 in Osaka designed by Aleksey Orlov and Arena Project Institute consists of cones and conical funnels connected into a non-trivial composition, where one can feel the hand of architects who have worked extensively with stadiums and other sports facilities. It’s very interesting to delve into its logic, structurally built on the theme of clocks, hourglasses and even sundials. Additionally, the architects have turned the exhibition pavilion into a series of interconnected amphitheaters, which is also highly relevant for world exhibitions. We are reminding you that the competition results were never announced.
Mirrors Everywhere
The project by Sergey Nebotov, Anastasia Gritskova, and the architectural company “Novoe” was created for the Russian pavilion at EXPO 2025, but within the framework of another competition, which, as we learned, took place even earlier, in 2021. At that time, the competition theme was “digital twins”, and there was minimal time for work, so the project, according to the architect himself, was more of a “student assignment”. Nevertheless, this project is interesting for its plan bordering on similarity with Baroque projects and the emblem of the exhibition, as well as its diverse and comprehensive reflectiveness.
The Steppe Is Full of Beauty and Freedom
The goal of the exhibition “Dikoe Pole” (“Wild Field”) at the State Historical Museum was to move away from the archaeological listing of valuable items and to create an image of the steppe and nomads that was multidirectional and emotional – in other words, artistic. To achieve this goal, it was important to include works of contemporary art. One such work is the scenography of the exhibition space developed by CHART studio.
The Snowstorm Fish
The next project from the unfinished competition for the Russian Pavilion at EXPO 2025, which will be held in Osaka, Japan, is by Dashi Namdakov and Parsec Architects. The pavilion describes itself as an “architectural/sculptural” one, with its shape clearly reminiscent of abstract sculpture of the 1970s. It complements its program with a meditative hall named “Mendeleev’s Dreams”, and offers its visitors to slide from its roof at the end of the tour.
The Mirror of Your Soul
We continue to publish projects from the competition for the design of the Russian Pavilion at EXPO in Osaka 2025. We are reminding you that the results of the competition have not been announced, and hardly will ever be. The pavilion designed by ASADOV Architects combines a forest log cabin, the image of a hyper transition, and sculptures made of glowing threads – it focuses primarily on the scenography of the exhibition, which the pavilion builds sequentially like a string of impressions, dedicating it to the paradoxes of the Russian soul.
Part of the Ideal
In 2025, another World Expo will take place in Osaka, Japan, in which Russia will not participate. However, a competition for the Russian pavilion was indeed held, with six projects participating. The results were never announced as Russia’s participation was canceled; the competition has no winners. Nevertheless, Expo pavilion projects are typically designed for a bold and interesting architectural statement, so we’ve gathered all the six projects and will be publishing articles about them in random order. The first one is the project by Vladimir Plotkin and Reserve Union, which is distinguished by the clarity of its stereometric shape, the boldness of its structure, and the multiplicity of possible interpretations.
The Fortress by the River
ASADOV Architects have developed a concept for a new residential district in the center of Kemerovo. To combat the harsh climate and monotonous everyday life, the architects proposed a block type of development with dominant towers, good insolation, facades detailed at eye level, and event programming.
In the Rhombus Grid
Construction has begun on the building of the OMK (United Metallurgical Company) Corporate University in Nizhny Novgorod’s town of Vyksa, designed by Ostozhenka Architects. The most interesting aspect of the project is how the architects immersed it in the context: “extracting” a diagonal motif from the planning grid of Vyksa, they aligned the building, the square, and the park to match it. A truly masterful work with urban planning context on several different levels of perception has long since become the signature technique of Ostozhenka.
​Generational Connection
Another modern estate, designed by Roman Leonidov, is located in the Moscow region and brings together three generations of one family under one roof. To fit on a narrow plot without depriving anyone of personal space, the architects opted for a zigzag plan. The main volume in the house structure is accentuated by mezzanines with a reverse-sloped roof and ceilings featuring exposed beams.
Three Dimensions of the City
We began to delve into the project by Sergey Skuratov, the residential complex “Depo” in Minsk, located at Victory Square, and it fascinated us completely. The project has at least several dimensions to it: historical – at some point, the developer decided to discontinue further collaboration with Sergey Skuratov Architects, but the concept was approved, and its implementation continues, mostly in accordance with the proposed ideas. The spatial and urban planning dimension – the architects both argue with the city and play along with it, deciphering nuances, and finding axes. And, finally, the tactile dimension – the constructed buildings also have their own intriguing features. Thus, this article also has two parts: it dwells on what has been built and what was conceived
New “Flight”
Architects from “Mezonproject” have developed a project for the reconstruction of the regional youth center “Polyot”(“Flight”) in the city of Oryol. The summer youth center, built back in the late 1970s, will now become year-round and acquire many additional functions.
The Yauza Towers
In Moscow, there aren’t that many buildings or projects designed by Nikita Yavein and Studio 44. In this article, we present to you the concept of a large multifunctional complex on the Yauza River, located between two parks, featuring a promenade, a crossroads of two pedestrian streets, a highly developed public space, and an original architectural solution. This solution combines a sophisticated, asymmetric façade grid, reminiscent of a game of fifteen puzzle, and bold protrusions of the upper parts of the buildings, completely masking the technical floors and sculpting the complex’s silhouette.
Arch, Pearl, Wing, Wind
In the social media of the governor of the Omsk region, voting was conducted for the best project for the city’s new airport. We asked the finalists to send over their projects and are now showcasing them. The projects are quite interesting: the client requested that the building be visually permeable throughout, and the images that the architects are working with include arches, wings, gusts of wind, and even the “Pearl” painting by Vrubel, who was actually born in Omsk.
Architecture and Leisure Park
For the suburban hotel complex, which envisages various formats of leisure, the architectural company T+T Architects proposed several types of accommodation, ranging from the classic “standard” in a common building to a “cave in the hill” and a “house in a tree”. An additional challenge consisted in integrating a few classic-style residences already existing on this territory into the “architectural forest park”.
The U-House
The Jois complex combines height with terraces, bringing the most expensive apartments from penthouses down to the bottom floors. The powerful iconic image of the U-shaped building is the result of the creative search for a new standard of living in high-rise buildings by the architects of “Genpro”.
Black and White
In this article, we specifically discuss the interiors of the ATOM Pavilion at VDNKh. Interior design is a crucial component of the overall concept in this case, and precision and meticulous execution were highly important for the architects. Julia Tryaskina, head of UNK interiors, shares some of the developments.
The “Snake” Mountain
The competition project for the seaside resort complex “Serpentine” combines several typologies: apartments of different classes, villas, and hotel rooms. For each of these typologies, the KPLN architects employ one of the images that are drawn from the natural environment – a serpentine road, a mountain stream, and rolling waves.
Opal from Anna Mons’ Ring
The project of a small business center located near Tupolev Plaza and Radio Street proclaims the necessity of modern architecture in a specific area of Moscow commonly known as “Nemetskaya Sloboda” or “German settlement”. It substantiates its thesis with the thoroughness of details, a multitude of proposed and rejected form variants, and even a detailed description of the surrounding area. The project is interesting indeed, and it is even more interesting to see what will come of it.
Feed ’Em All
A “House of Russian Cuisine” was designed and built by KROST Group at VDNKh for the “Rossiya” exhibition in record-breaking time. The pavilion is masterfully constructed in terms of the standards of modern public catering industry multiplied by the bustling cultural program of the exhibition, and it interprets the stylistically diverse character of VDNKh just as successfully. At the same time, much of its interior design can be traced back to the prototypes of the 1960s – so much so that even scenes from iconic Soviet movies of those years persistently come to mind.
The Ensemble at the Mosque
OSA prepared a master plan for a district in the southern part of Derbent. The main task of the master plan is to initiate the formation of a modern comfortable environment in this city. The organization of residential areas is subordinated to the city’s spiritual center: depending on the location relative to the cathedral mosque, the houses are distinguished by façade and plastique solutions. The program also includes a “hospitality center”, administrative buildings, an educational cluster, and even an air bridge.
Pargolovo Protestantism
A Protestant church is being built in St. Petersburg by the project of SLOI architects. One of the main features of the building is a wooden roof with 25-meter spans, which, among other things, forms the interior of the prayer hall. Also, there are other interesting details – we are telling you more about them.
The Shape of the Inconceivable
The ATOM Pavilion at VDNKh brings to mind a famous maxim of all architects and critics: “You’ve come up with it? Now build it!” You rarely see such a selfless immersion in implementation of the project, and the formidable structural and engineering tasks set by UNK architects to themselves are presented here as an integral and important part of the architectural idea. The challenge matches the obliging status of the place – after all, it is an “exhibition of achievements”, and the pavilion is dedicated to the nuclear energy industry. Let’s take a closer look: from the outside, from the inside, and from the underside too.