The site itself was previously occupied by the design bureau of the helicopter plant named after Mikhail Mil – a late-1970s building that in recent years had been converted into a business center. The 1st Rybinskaya Street, marking the eastern boundary of the site, recalls the Rybinka River, now hidden in underground collectors, and the pre-railway, estate-era history of this part of Moscow. We discussed this past while examining the KOD Sokolniki designed by the Ostozhenka Architects, currently under construction slightly to the east.
The second environment, opposite in character, is Sokolniki Park – one of the largest green areas in Moscow. The future complex is separated from it by Sokolnichesky Val Street and four residential buildings from the 1960s, which are to be demolished as part of the renovation program. Two buildings within SOLOS are intended to accommodate residents relocating from those houses.
The proximity of the park and the dynamics of the large city determined the project’s concept.
© Kleinewelt Architekten
Copyright: Kleinewelt Architekten
In line with this “program”, the complex acquired a two-part structure. The first part is renovation housing: two 24-story buildings located closer to the existing neighborhood fabric. They are connected by a U-shaped stylobate that forms a private courtyard open toward the park. The second part is high-rise and accentual: towers reaching 160 and 190 meters, with more complex architecture, also linked by a stylobate designed to accommodate all the services required for a “city within a city” concept. Between these two types of housing lies a green public space that improves urban permeability, along with a square and a two-story building intended for public use.
SOLOS residential complex
Copyright: Kleinewelt Architekten
All four buildings are placed at the center of an elongated trapezoidal site and oriented meridionally – that is, with their end façades facing the park and the railway. A slight offset relative to one another improves sunlight exposure. Along the side of the Third Ring Road, the stylobates form a continuous street frontage with a promenade boulevard, while on the park side they create green “cour d’honneur” spaces.
SOLOS residential complex
Copyright: Kleinewelt Architekten
As we will see further on, the towers are interpreted differently, yet they are united not only by the shared stylobate, rounded corners, and façade materials. Their form-making embeds a kind of unity of opposites: if one tower evolves from a circular base toward a more rectangular top, increasing in perceived mass, the other demonstrates the opposite movement – created through an optical illusion. In both cases, there is an underlying pattern waiting to be deciphered.
SOLOS residential complex
Copyright: Kleinewelt Architekten
SOLOS residential complex
Copyright: Kleinewelt Architekten
The white tower rises to 49 stories. Its first 11 floors form a stable base, while a regular façade grid wraps the volume all the way to the top, where penthouses are crowned by a broad cornice. A fully glazed “pause” of the mechanical level, along with bands of balconies at the corners, helps reveal the “twist” embedded in the architecture – both as a spiral motion and as an unexpected turn in the narrative. At the very base, an impulse is generated that imparts a “slow” movement to the tower: toward the upper floors, the plan rotates steadily – floor by floor – yet almost imperceptibly for such a large mass. This motion is as real as it is elusive, akin to the shifting of tectonic plates, the growth of a mountain, or changes in the depth of the sea.
SOLOS residential complex
Copyright: Kleinewelt Architekten
SOLOS residential complex
Copyright: Kleinewelt Architekten
There is a further layer of complexity: while the base rotates clockwise, the upper part turns in the opposite direction. This subtle counter-rotation produces an optical effect whereby, depending on the viewpoint, the tower appears either to taper or to gain mass toward its upper levels.
The second tower, fully glazed, also “grows” in a deliberate way. Its base tends toward a circular form, and the first ten floors follow this geometry. Above that, however, from this distinctly rounded volume – like petals emerging from a receptacle – vertical elements rise upward, as if about to unfold. The tectonics of the towers thus embody that oft-mentioned sense of dynamism – but not an urban one; rather, something closer to natural processes, like the gradual awakening of trees in spring.
SOLOS residential complex
Copyright: Kleinewelt Architekten
The discovered forms will be further emphasized by lighting, which plays a special role in this project: 1,300 point and linear fixtures will shift scenarios depending on the time of day. They will also highlight the entrance lobbies and trace the outline of the two-story restaurant building on the central square. The lighting design incorporates energy-saving strategies – LED technology, automated control systems, and the ability to switch off some of the fixtures at night.
SOLOS residential complex
Copyright: Kleinewelt Architekten
The façades are likewise energy-efficient. Double-glazed units filled with argon provide thermal and acoustic insulation, retaining warmth in winter and coolness in summer. A centralized ventilation system with heat recovery and air purification ensures a supply of fresh oxygen without dust or street noise. The complex also implements a “quiet home” concept: all the engineering systems are isolated to prevent vibrations and unwanted sounds.
In total, SOLOS includes 1,598 apartments ranging from 28 to 142 square meters, as well as 16 penthouses with panoramic views. The apartments are distinguished by generous ceiling heights and full-height glazing. The underground level accommodates 584 parking spaces and 426 storage units for seasonal items.
SOLOS residential complex
Copyright: Kleinewelt Architekten
The lobby design was developed by Rymar Studio. Conceived as ceremonial halls, the entrance areas reinforce the architectural concept through the use of light-toned natural materials, fluid lines, and an emphasis on natural light.
SOLOS residential complex. Tower B. Hall
Copyright: © RYMAR.STUDIO
The residential component is complemented by infrastructure designed to eliminate the need to leave the complex for everyday tasks. The stylobate spaces, totaling nearly 8,000 square meters, will house a kindergarten for 75 children, a fitness and wellness center with a swimming pool, offices, as well as grocery shops, wine boutiques, cafés, a dry cleaner, and a pharmacy.
SOLOS residential complex
Copyright: © Kleinewelt Architekten / provided by Dar press service
SOLOS residential complex
Copyright: Kleinewelt Architekten
The landscape design is being developed by Scape. The extensive territory of the quarter – around 20 hectares – will be divided into zones: a landscaped park, a promenade boulevard, a central square with a fountain, outdoor public and business spaces, as well as playgrounds, sports areas, and quiet recreation zones. The proximity of Sokolniki Park, together with new plantings within SOLOS – including mature trees – is intended to create a genuine sense of closeness to nature for the future residents.
The completion of the first phases of the complex is scheduled for the end of 2026.
