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​Skylights and Staircase

Photos from March show the nearly completed headquarters of FSK Group on Shenogina Street. The building’s exterior is calm and minimalist; the interior is engaging and multi-layered. The conical skylights of the executive office, cast in raw concrete, and the sweeping spiral staircase leading to it, are particularly striking. In fact, there’s more than one spiral staircase here, and the first two floors effectively form a small shopping center. More below.

04 June 2025
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Shenogina Street separates the residential complex “Serdtse Stolitsy” (“Heart of the Capital”), built some ten years ago, from the new Sidney City development, currently under construction between Zvenigorodskoye Highway and the Moscow River. The large-scale redevelopment, which aims to create a “mini-city” aligned with the Greater Moscow City trend, is being carried out by FSK Group together with Legenda.

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    The FSK Development HQ
    Copyright: © Kleinewelt Architekten
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    The FSK Development HQ
    Copyright: © Kleinewelt Architekten


The office tower rising in the eastern part of Sidney City – next to a school, a stadium, and the sales office – is set to become FSK’s new headquarters. It’s a significant project, and it’s somewhat surprising that the building isn’t a skyscraper: it tops out at just 25 stories, with three underground parking levels.

The FSK Development HQ
Copyright: © Kleinewelt Architekten


In terms of height, it is noticeably shorter than the surrounding towers still under construction.

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    The FSK Development HQ
    Copyright: © Kleinewelt Architekten
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    The FSK Development HQ. Plan of the -3rd floor
    Copyright: © Kleinewelt Architekten
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    The FSK Development HQ. Plan of the -2nd floor
    Copyright: © Kleinewelt Architekten
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    The FSK Development HQ. Plan of the -1st floor
    Copyright: © Kleinewelt Architekten
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    The FSK Development HQ. Plan of the 1st floor
    Copyright: © Kleinewelt Architekten
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    The FSK Development HQ. Plan of the 2nd floor
    Copyright: © Kleinewelt Architekten
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    The FSK Development HQ. Plan of the 3rd floor
    Copyright: © Kleinewelt Architekten
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    The FSK Development HQ. Plan of Floor 3a
    Copyright: © Kleinewelt Architekten
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    The FSK Development HQ. Plan of the 4th floor
    Copyright: © Kleinewelt Architekten
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    The FSK Development HQ. Plan of the 5th floor
    Copyright: © Kleinewelt Architekten
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    The FSK Development HQ. Plan of the 6-10 floor
    Copyright: © Kleinewelt Architekten
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    The FSK Development HQ. Plan of the 11th floor
    Copyright: © Kleinewelt Architekten
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    The FSK Development HQ. Plan of the 12-13th floor
    Copyright: © Kleinewelt Architekten
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    The FSK Development HQ. Plan of the 16th floor
    Copyright: © Kleinewelt Architekten
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    The FSK Development HQ
    Copyright: © Kleinewelt Architekten
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    The FSK Development HQ. Section view 1-1
    Copyright: © Kleinewelt Architekten


The site sits on the “third row” from the future river embankment, perpendicular to the Moscow River, and slightly elongated along a southwest–northeast axis. Starting from the underground parking garage, the floor plan is shaped like a diamond: the southwest end façade is rotated ten degrees southward to better catch the sun, while the northeast side faces almost exactly north.

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    The FSK Development HQ
    Copyright: Photo © Daniel Annenkov / provided by Kleinewelt Architekten
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    The FSK Development HQ
    Copyright: © Kleinewelt Architekten


Above the fifth floor, where the office levels begin, the tower narrows, and on the south façade, volumes of five floors each protrude like piano keys, angled and gradually receding into the main façade plane, which runs parallel to the site’s boundary and to the river. Each of these protrusions hosts an open terrace.



On the north side, a symmetrical “mirrored” system of volumes creates a visual rhythm that seems to gather the building into a compact frontal volume, pulling from the diagonals inward.

Aside from these accents, the façades are highly restrained: a glass curtain wall structured by a strict floor-by-floor grid, with thin vertical mullions forming elongated window bays and black spandrel bands marking the horizontal divisions. Viewed obliquely, the verticals dominate; head-on, the horizontals become more apparent. The proportions and composition resemble many modernist façades – rational, calm, and pragmatic, forming a subdued backdrop...

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    Section through the first five levels along the atrium. In the foreground is the three-level retail atrium. In the background on the right, a spiral staircase leads up to the office’s presentation space. The FSK Development HQ
    Copyright: © Kleinewelt Architekten
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    Open space of the 3rd floor underneath the skylights. The FSK Development HQ
    Copyright: © Kleinewelt Architekten


...unlike the building’s spatial composition at the lower and upper extremes: five base (“plinth”) levels and three penthouse levels.

The first two floors house retail, a restaurant with a street entrance, and public spaces. The third floor is also for offices – but far from ordinary. It contains about 15 meeting rooms, and an open space area projecting to the south is topped with conical skylights.

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    The staircase leading from the first to the third floor. The FSK Development HQ
    Copyright: © Kleinewelt Architekten
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    The FSK Development HQ
    Copyright: © Kleinewelt Architekten


These skylights are tilted at varying angles to catch as much southern light as possible, but more importantly, they give the space a distinctive and high-profile character. It’s clearly designed to impress visitors – likely business partners arriving for high-level negotiations.

Before reaching the skylit area (which will likely become a winter garden), the guests are led up from the ground floor via a large spiral staircase that cuts through the second floor and opens directly into the third.



Thus, public-facing city-level functions – shops and cafés – are physically and visually interwoven with the representative office zone. The 4th and 5th floors are reserved for employee dining areas.

Both the skylights and the staircase are already impressive in raw concrete.

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    The FSK Development HQ
    Copyright: Photo © Daniel Annenkov / provided by Kleinewelt Architekten
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    The FSK Development HQ
    Copyright: Photo © Daniel Annenkov / provided by Kleinewelt Architekten
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    The FSK Development HQ
    Copyright: Photo © Daniel Annenkov / provided by Kleinewelt Architekten


The executive floor is also nearly double the height of the typical office levels: while standard floors have a height of 3.9 meters, the third floor soars to 7.2 meters. Inside, there is a mezzanine balcony, making the skylit area effectively a double-height space.

Externally, this tier is framed by large horizontal “ribbons” with deep window reveals on both the inside and outside. It’s easy to guess that this bold, dark-gray belt houses the building’s main space. The strong third-floor horizontal aligns with the thinner spandrels elsewhere on the façade.

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    The FSK Development HQ. Plan of the 22nd floor
    Copyright: © Kleinewelt Architekten
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    The FSK Development HQ. Plan of the 23rd floor
    Copyright: © Kleinewelt Architekten


Above this “frame”, there is a row of slender black supports. Behind them lie terraces for the staff cafeterias, and the building as a whole begins to look like it’s standing on “legs” resting atop the plinth’s third level.

At the very top, in the levels reserved for top management and high-level guests, we see the same architectural ideas again: double-height atria and spiral staircases – now enhanced by the view from the 25th floor.



In this way, Kleinewelt has designed a headquarters for a developer whose work is fundamentally tied to shaping space and form – a building whose architectural expression is strongest on the inside. The design follows the principles of neo-modernism, a movement that may only now be entering its full stride.


04 June 2025

Headlines now
“Strangers” in the City
We asked Alexander Skokan for a comment on the results of 2025 – and he sent us a whole article, moreover one devoted to the discussion we recently began on the “appropriateness of high-rises” – or, more broadly speaking, “contrasting insertions into the urban fabric”. The result is a text that is essentially a question: why here? Why like this?
Dmitry Ostroumov: “To use the language of alchemy, we are involved in the process of “transmutation...
What we ended up having was an extremely unusual conversation with Dmitry Ostroumov. Why? At the very least, because he is not just an architect specializing in the construction of Orthodox churches. And not just – which is an extreme rarity – a proponent of developing contemporary stylistics within this still highly conservative field. Dmitry Ostroumov is a Master of Theology. So in addition to the history and specifics of the company, we speak about the very concept of the temple, about canon and tradition, about the living and the eternal, and even about the Russian Logos.
A Glazed Figurine
In searching for an image for a residential building near the Novodevichy Convent, GAFA architects turned to their own perception of the place: it evoked associations with antiquity, plein-air painting, and vintage artifacts. The two towers will be entirely clad in volumetric glazed ceramic – at present, there are no other buildings like this in Russia. The complex will also stand out thanks to its metabolic bay-window cells, streamlined surfaces, a ceremonial “hotel-style” driveway, and a lobby overlooking a lush garden.
A Knight’s Move via the Cour d’Honneur
Intercolumnium Architects presented to the City Planning Council a residential complex project that is set to replace the Aquatoria business center on Vyborgskaya Embankment. Experts praised the overall quality of the work, but expressed reservations about the three cour d’honneurs and suggested softening the contrast between the facades facing the embankment and the Kantemirovsky Bridge.
A Small Country
Mezonproekt is developing a long-term master plan for the MEPhI campus in Obninsk. Over the next ten years, an enclave territory of about 100 hectares, located in a forest on the northern edge of the city, is set to transform into a modern center for the development of the nuclear energy sector. The plan envisions attracting international students and specialists, as well as comprehensive territorial development: both through the contemporary realization of “frozen” plans from the 1980s and through the introduction of new trends – public spaces, an aquapark, a food court, a school, and even a nuclear medicine center. Public and sports facilities are intended to be accessible to city residents as well, and the campus is to be physically and functionally connected to Obninsk.
Pearl Divers
GAFA has designed an apartment complex for Derbent intended to switch people from a work mode to a resort mindset – and to give the surrounding area a much-needed jolt. The building offers two distinct faces: restrained and laconic on the city side, and a lushly ornate façade facing the sea. At the heart of the complex, a hidden pearl lies – an open-air pool with an arch, offering views of a starry sky, and providing direct access to the beach.
A Satellite Island
The Genplan Institute of Moscow has prepared a master plan for the development of the Sarpinsky and Golodny island system, located within the administrative boundaries of Volgograd and considered among the largest river islands in Russia. By 2045, the plan envisions the implementation of 15 large-scale investment projects, including sports and educational clusters, a congress center with a “Volgonarium”, a film production cluster, and twenty-one theme parks. We explain which engineering, environmental, and transportation challenges must be addressed to turn this vision into reality. The master plan solutions have already been approved and incorporated into the city’s general development plan.
The Amber Gate
The Amber City residential complex is one of the redevelopment projects in the former industrial area located beyond Moscow’s Third Ring Road near Begovaya metro station. Alexey Ilyin’s studio proposed an original master plan that transformed two clusters of towers into ceremonial propylaea, gave the complex a recognizable silhouette, and established visual connections with new high-rise developments on both right and left – thus integrating it into the scale of the growing metropolis. It is also marked by its own futuristic stylistic language, based on a reinterpreted streamline aesthetic.
A Theater Triangle
The architectural company “Chetvertoe Izmerenie” (“Fourth Dimension”) has developed the design for a new stage of the Magnitogorsk Musical Theater, rethinking not only theater architecture but also the role of the theater in the contemporary city.
Aleksei Ilyin: “I approach every task with genuine interest”
Aleksei Ilyin has been working on major urban projects for more than 30 years. He has all the necessary skills for high-rise construction in Moscow – yet he believes it’s essential to maintain variety in the typologies and scales represented in his portfolio. He is passionate about drawing – but only from life, and also in the process of working on a project. We talk about the structure and optimal size of an office, about his past and current projects, large and small tasks, and about creative priorities.
​A Golden Sunbeam
A compact brick-and-metal building in the growing Shukhov Park in Vyksa seems to absorb sunlight, transform it into yellow accents inside, and in the evening “give it back” as a warm golden glow streaming from its windows. It is, frankly, a very attractive building: both material and lightweight at the same time, with lightness inside and materiality outside. Its form is shaped by function – laconic, yet far from simple. Let’s take a closer look.
Architecton Awards
In 2025, the jury of the Architecton festival reviewed the finalist projects through live, open presentations held right in the exhibition hall – a rather engaging performance, and something rarely seen among Russian awards. It would be great if “Zodchestvo” adopted this format. Below, we present all the winning projects, including four special nominations.
Garden of Knowledge
UNK architects and UNK design created the interiors of the Letovo Junior campus, working together with NF Studio, which was responsible for developing the educational technology that takes into account the needs and perception of younger and middle school children.
The Silver Skates
The STONE Kaluzhskaya office quarter is accompanied by two residential towers, making the complex – for it is indeed a single ensemble – well balanced in functional terms. The architects at Kleinewelt gave the residential buildings a silvery finish to match the office blocks. How they are similar, how they differ, and what “Silver Skates” has to do with it – we explore in this article.
On the Dynastic Trail
The houses and townhouses of the “Tsarskaya Tropа” (“Czar’s Trail”) complex are being built in the village of Gaspra in Crimea – to the west and east of the palaces of the former grand-ducal residence “Ai-Todor”. One of the main challenges for the architects at KPLN, who developed the project, was to respond appropriately to this significant neighboring heritage. How this influenced the massing, the façades, and the way the authors work with the terrain is explored in our article.
A New Path
The main feature of the Yar Park project, designed by Sergey Skuratov for Kazan, is that it is organized along the “spine” of a multifunctional mall with an impressive multi-height atrium space in its middle. The entire site, both on the city side and the Kazanka River embankment, is open to the public. The complex is intended not to become “yet another fenced enclave” but, as urban planners say, a “polycenter” – a new point of attraction for the whole of Kazan, especially its northern part, made up of residential districts that until now have lacked such a vibrant public space. It represents a new urban planning approach to a high-density mixed-use development situated in the city center – in a sense, an “anti-quarter”. Even Moscow, one might say, doesn’t yet have anything quite like it. Well, lucky Kazan!
Beneath the Azure Sky
A depository designed by Studio 44 will soon be built in Kenozersky National Park to preserve and display the so-called “heavens” – ceiling structures characteristic of wooden churches in the Russian North, painted with biblical scenes. For each of these “heavens”, the architects created a volume corresponding in scale and dimensions to the original church interior. The result is a honeycomb-like composition, with modules derived directly from the historic monuments themselves, allowing visitors to view the icons from the historically accurate angle – from below, looking upward. How exactly this works is the subject of our story.
​The Power of Lines
The building at the very beginning of New Arbat is the result of long deliberations over how to replace the former House of Communication. Contemporary, dynamic, and even somewhat zoomorphic in character, it is structured around a large diagonal grid. The building has become a striking accent both in the perspective of the former Kalinin Avenue and in the panorama of Arbat Square. Yet, unfortunately, the original concept was not fully realized. In 2020, the Moscow ArchCouncil approved a design featuring an exoskeleton – an external load-bearing structure, which eventually turned into a purely decorative element. Still, the power of the supergraphic “holds” the building, giving it the qualities of a new urban landmark with iconic potential. How this concept took shape, what unexpected associations might underlie the grid’s form, and why the exoskeleton was never built – all this is explored in our article.
Resort on the Kama River
Wowhaus has developed a project for the reconstruction of Korabelnaya Roshcha (“Mast Grove”), a wellness resort located on the banks of the Kama River.
Nests in Primorye
The eco-park project “Nests”, designed by Aleksey Polishchuk and the company Power Technologies, received first prize at the Eco-Coast 2025 festival, organized by the Union of Architects of Russia. For a glamping site in Filinskaya Bay, the authors proposed bird-shaped houses, treehouses, and a nest-shaped observation platform, topping it all with an entrance pavilion executed in the shape of an owl.
The Angle of String Tension
The House of Music, designed by Vladimir Plotkin and the architects of TPO Reserve, resembles a harp, and when seen from above, even a bass clef. But if only it were that simple! The architecture of the complex fuses two distinct expressive languages: the lattice-like, transparent, permeable vocabulary of “classical” modernism and the sculptural, ribbon-like volumes so beloved by today’s neo-modernism. How it all works – where the catharsis lies, which compositional axes underpin the design, where the project resembles Zaryadye Concert Hall and where it does not – read in the article below.
How Historic Tobolsk Becomes a Portal to the Future
Over the past decade, the architectural company Wowhaus has developed urban strategies for several Russian cities – Vyksa, Tula, and Nizhnekamsk, to name but a few. Against this backdrop, the Tobolsk master plan stands out both for its scale – the territory under transformation covers more than 220 square kilometers – and for its complexity.
St. Petersburg vs Rome
The center of St. Petersburg is, as we know, sacred – but few people can say with certainty where this “sacred place” actually begins and ends. It’s not about the formal boundaries, “from the Obvodny Canal to the Bolshaya Nevka”, but about the vibe that feels true to the city center. With the Nevskaya Ratusha complex – built to a design that won an international competition – Evgeny Gerasimov and Sergei Tchoban created an “image of the center” within its territory. And not so much the image of St. Petersburg itself, as that of a global metropolis. This is something new, something that hasn’t appeared in the city for a long time. In this article, we study the atmosphere, recall precedents, and even reflect on who and when first called St. Petersburg the “new Rome”. Clearly, the idea is alive for a reason.
On the Wave
The project of transforming the river port and embankment in the city of Cheboksary, developed by the ATRIUM Architects, involves one of the city’s key areas. The Volga embankment is to be turned into a riverside boulevard – a multifunctional, comfortable, and expressive space for work and leisure activities. The authors propose creating a new link with the city’s main Krasnaya (“Red”) Square, as well as erecting several residential towers inspired by the shape of the traditional national women’s headdress – these towers are likely to become striking accents on the Volga panorama.
Valery Kanyashin: “We Were Given a Free Hand”
The Headliner residential complex, the main part of which was recently completed just across from Moscow City, is a kind of neighbor to the MIBC that doesn’t “play along” with it. On the contrary, the new complex is entirely built on contrast: like a city of differently scaled buildings that seems to have emerged naturally over the past 20 years – which is a hugely popular trend nowadays! And yet here – perhaps only here – such a project has been realized to its full potential. Yes, high-rises dominate, but all these slender, delicate profiles, all these exciting perspectives! And most importantly – how everything is mixed and composed together... We spoke with the project’s leader Valery Kanyashin.
​The Keystone
Until quite recently, premium residential and office complexes in Moscow were seen as the exclusive privilege of the city center. Today the situation is changing: high-quality architecture is moving beyond the confines of the Third Ring Road and appearing on the outskirts. The STONE Kaluzhskaya business center is one such example. Projects like this help decentralize the megalopolis, making life and work prestigious in any part of the city.
Perpetuum Mobile
The interior of the headquarters of Natsproektstroy, created by the IND studio team, vividly and effectively reflects the client’s field of activity – it is one of Russia’s largest infrastructure companies, responsible for logistics and transport communications of every kind you can possibly think of.
Water and Light
Church art is full of symbolism, and part of it is truly canonical, while another part is shaped by tradition and is perceived by some as obligatory. Because of this kind of “false conservatism”, contemporary church architecture develops slowly compared to other genres, and rarely looks contemporary. Nevertheless, there are enthusiasts in this field out there: the cemetery church of Archangel Michael in Apatity, designed by Dmitry Ostroumov and Prokhram bureau, combines tradition and experiment. This is not an experiment for its own sake, however – rather, the considered work of a contemporary architect with the symbolism of space, volume, and, above all, light.