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Fir Tree Dynamics

The “Airports of Region” holding is planning to build an airport in Karachay-Cherkessia, aiming to make the Arkhyz and Dombay resorts more accessible to travelers. The project that won in an invitation-only competition, submitted by Sergey Nikeshkin’s KPLN, blends natural imagery inspired by the shape of a conifer seed, open-air waiting spaces, majestic large trees, and a green roof elevated on needle-like columns. The result is both nature-inspired and WOW.

25 September 2024
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Gateway to the Mountains

Karachay-Cherkessia is the only republic in the North Caucasus that currently lacks an airport. However, within its borders lie destinations with potentially enormous tourism capacity, such as Elbrus, Arkhyz, Teberda, and Dombay. Tourists come here year-round: for skiing in the winter and for hiking amidst breathtaking landscapes in the summer. Currently, travelers must reach the area through Mineralnye Vody, where tourism traffic is increasing with each season. The development of the Elbrus resorts is expected in the coming years, while the “Arkhyz” resort is already under active development by its managing company of the same name. Additionally, the construction of a highway connecting the Arkhyz and Krasnaya Polyana resorts will speed up this growth.

In short, the need for an airport has clearly emerged.

New passenger terminal of the Caucasus airport. The competition project. Main points
Copyright: © KPLN


In 2023, the Airports of Regions company held an invitation-only competition for the airport building’s concept – this will be the company’s fourth airport built entirely from scratch. It is known that the APEX and Megabudka architecture firms also participated in the competition.

The winner, however, was KPLN.

The airport will be built near the settlement of Zelenchukskaya, on the banks of the Bolshoy Zelenchuk River. The journey from there to Arkhyz will take 1.5 hours, to Dombay – 2.5 hours, and to Cherkessk – 45 minutes.

New passenger terminal of the Caucasus airport. The competition project. Location plan
Copyright: © KPLN


The Flight of Seeds

In their search for inspiration, KPLN architects turned to the natural elements of the region, focusing initially on the majestic coniferous trees that shape the landscape of the foothills. Then, as is common today, they shifted to a macro scale and took a closer look at the needles and seeds – particularly the seeds, where the sleek triangular core is equipped with an elegant “sail”. This sail helps the seeds glide, allowing the trees to spread their habitat. The aerodynamic properties of seeds have been extensively studied, even giving rise to a term like “sail coefficient”. In a way, tree seeds are also a bit like airplanes, which conceptually links the function of the airport to the “spirit of the place.” And overall, it offers a fresh perspective, since the theme of flight usually leads architects toward more predictable symbols like birds, turbines, and clouds. Here, though, we have fir tree seeds.

New passenger terminal of the Caucasus airport. The competition project. Form making
Copyright: © KPLN


The building’s layout mirrors the shape of its inspiration – a stretched triangle with rounded corners. However, the architects moved the core to the center, transforming it into an atrium. The long side of the triangle faces the airfield, while the opposite corner points like an arrow toward the highway and river. This arrow-like direction is echoed in the surrounding landscape, including the arrangement of parks and parking lots, and then dissipates into a roundabout. In the visualizations, the circle resembles a lens through which the terminal is projected, almost like a smaller reflection of the nearby hills.

New passenger terminal of the Caucasus airport
Copyright: © KPLN


Canopies and Hills

From distant perspectives, especially from the road, the terminal resembles a grove with clearly discernible tree trunks and a dense canopy. The canopy is represented by the fully green roof – once constructed, it will be one of the largest of its kind in Russia, where such designs are still quite rare. Among comparable examples in this “weight category”, we can recall Zaryadye Park and the Kulikovo Field Museum, while the Archaeological Museum of Wooden Architecture in Sviyazhsk is a bit more modest.

New passenger terminal of the Caucasus airport
Copyright: © KPLN


New passenger terminal of the Caucasus airport
Copyright: © KPLN


The “grove” includes not only trees but also a hill, which the architects placed at the boundary of the spaces. Part of the hill spills outside and integrates into the composition of the entrance area, organized under the wide cantilever of the canopy. The canopy is supported by clusters of columns with wooden finishes, resembling conifer needles. Meanwhile, the thin slats under the canopy evoke the appearance of lamellar gills – the underside of mushrooms like saffron milk caps, chanterelles, or milk mushrooms.

New passenger terminal of the Caucasus airport. The entrance area
Copyright: © KPLN


The second part of the hill becomes the central feature of the waiting area. Inside, there is a small café with a terrace, as well as a capsule hotel – transforming what might be a frustrating necessity, due to an early or late flight, into a unique and positive experience. The open-air rest and waiting area is another exceptional solution in airport terminal typology – even if the picturesque cedar trees seen in the visualizations do not make it into the final design. But we hope they do!

It’s intriguing to imagine: a giant fir seed lands on the ground and “grows,” first into the volume of the airport, and then into the towering trees of its majestic species.

New passenger terminal of the Caucasus airport
Copyright: © KPLN


New passenger terminal of the Caucasus airport. Green public space in the center
Copyright: © KPLN


New passenger terminal of the Caucasus airport. Green public space in the center
Copyright: © KPLN


In the Land of Wild Grasses

Outside, the departure and arrival halls are separated by the hill. Upon entering the terminal, departing passengers step into a bright and welcoming space with intuitive, linear functional zones. After the check-in counters comes the security check, followed by the waiting area with panoramic windows, café islands, retail spots, and access to the “hill” hotel. Escalators lead to the second “gallery” level, where service areas and premium lounges are located.

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    New passenger terminal of the Caucasus airport. The competition project. Fuctional zones on the 1 floor
    Copyright: © KPLN
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    New passenger terminal of the Caucasus airport. The competition project. Plan of the 1 floor
    Copyright: © KPLN
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    New passenger terminal of the Caucasus airport. The competition project
    Copyright: © KPLN
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    New passenger terminal of the Caucasus airport. The competition project. Plan
    Copyright: © KPLN


The same design techniques used outside are employed in the interior: the enormous “needles” of the columns and shrubs – which, when viewed at this scale, resemble lush moss. Clusters of columns and wooden slats are complemented by potted greenery, while LED “rivers” guide navigation. The slim window frames mimic the veil of rain or a waterfall.

All of these elements – real plants and their magnified details – offer a great alternative to the often overused landscape photo wallpapers. They help emotionally extend or, conversely, begin the traveler’s immersion in the context of the Caucasus landscapes.

On the other hand, if you think about it, you might catch an intriguing effect: many of us grew up reading stories where the characters shrink and see the world from the perspective of an ant or a talking pie. The most famous, of course, is Alice in Wonderland, but there are plenty of others – such as “The Extraordinary Adventures of Karik and Valya” by Yan Larri, or the later Soviet imitation “In the Land of Wild Grasses” by Vladimir Bragin. While modern architecture is certainly not guilty of literalism – you won’t find any oversized daisies like in those stories – the process of searching for imagery, as we’ve mentioned, is still highly relevant and far from exhausted. This exploration lies somewhere in the realm of a paradoxical shift in the observer’s point of view and scale, which is useful both for “defamiliarizing” the form and for sparking the imagination. Indeed, imagine these wooden slats as the gills of a mushroom (and yes, chanterelles do grow in the Caucasus mountains), with the clustered columns as the needles supporting them – and life suddenly seems just a little more interesting.

New passenger terminal of the Caucasus airport
Copyright: © KPLN


New passenger terminal of the Caucasus airport
Copyright: © KPLN


New passenger terminal of the Caucasus airport
Copyright: © KPLN


These same themes are echoed outside the building. A landscaped strip with patches of greenery, shaped like fir seeds, separates the terminal from the parking lot. The monotonous rows of cars are enlivened by green ribbons and islands of plant life.

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    New passenger terminal of the Caucasus airport. The landscaping
    Copyright: © KPLN
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    New passenger terminal of the Caucasus airport. The competition project. The coverage
    Copyright: © KPLN


The airport is expected to be completed by the end of 2028, and following the progress will be fascinating. If all the planned elements are successfully implemented, the “air gateway” to Karachay-Cherkessia could become one of the region’s key landmarks, worthy of admiration and attention.
New passenger terminal of the Caucasus airport. Section view 1-1
Copyright: © KPLN
New passenger terminal of the Caucasus airport. Section view 2-2
Copyright: © KPLN


25 September 2024

Headlines now
Living in the Architecture of One’s Own Making
Do architects design houses for themselves? You bet! In this article, we are examining a new book by TATLIN publishing house. This book – unprecedented for Russia – features 52 private homes designed and built by contemporary architects for themselves. It includes houses that are famous, even iconic, as well as lesser-known ones; large and small, stylish and eccentric. To some extent, the book reflects the history of Russian architecture over the past 30 years.
Competition: The Price of Creativity?
Any day now, we’re expecting the results of a competition held by the “Samolet” development group for a plot in Kommunarka. In the meantime, we share the impressions of Editor-in-Chief Julia Tarabarina, who managed to conduct a public talk. Though technically focused on the interaction between developers and architects, the public talk turned into a discussion about the pros and cons of architectural competitions.
Terraced Design
The “River Park” residential complex has confidently and securely shaped the Nagatinsky Backwater shoreline. Featuring a public embankment, elevated courtyards connected by pedestrian bridges, and brick façades, the development invites exploration of its nuanced response to the surrounding context, as well as hints of the architects’ megalithic design thinking.
A Kremlin’s Core and Meteorite Fragments
We continue our coverage of the competition projects for the residential district that the development company GloraX plans to build along the embankment of the Rowing Channel in Nizhny Novgorod. ASADOV Architects approached the concept through a deep dive into local identity, using storytelling to pinpoint a central idea for the design: the master plan and composition are imagined as if a meteorite had struck a “proto-Kremlin”. Sounds weird? Find more details below!
The Volga Regatta
GloraX plans to develop a residential complex spanning 14 hectares along the Volga River in Nizhny Novgorod. The winning design in a closed-door competition, created by GORA Architects, features housing typologies ranging from townhouses to terraced high-rise slabs, a balance of functions, diverse ways of engaging with the water, and even a dedicated island (no less!) for the city residents.
A New Track
We took a thorough look at D_Station, a railcar repair depot dating back to 1906, recently reconstructed while preserving its century-old industrial structure, upon the project by Sergey Trukhanov and T+T Architects. Though work on the interiors – set to house restaurants and public spaces – is still underway, the building’s exterior already offers plenty to see. Visitors can explore the blend of old and new brickwork, appreciate the architect’s unique interpretation of ruin aesthetics, and enjoy the newly built pedestrian route that connects the Citydel Business Center’s arches to Kazakova Street.
Four Different Surveys
The “Explore the City” competition, organized this year by the Genplan Institute of Moscow, stands out as a pretty unconventional one for the architectural field but aligns perfectly well with the character of urban planning work. The winning project analyzed contemporary residential complexes, combining urban planning insights with a realtor’s perspective to propose a hybrid approach. Other entries explored public centers, motivations for car ownership, and housing vacancy rates. A fifth participant withdrew. Here’s a closer look at the four completed works.
Scheduled Evolution
ASADOV Architects unveiled the EvyCenter pavilion, a microcultural hub for fostering personal growth, organizing workshops, and doing gymnastics. Additionally, this pavilion serves as a prototype for a scalable country house, drawing inspiration from the “Loskutok” project, and constructed from CLT panels in a factory. This marks the beginning of a developer project initiated by the architectural firm (sic!), which is seeking partners to expand both small Evy settlements and even larger Evy cities, which are, according to Andrey Asadov, aimed at fostering the “evolutionary” development of the people who will inhabit them.
The Golden Crown
The concept for a dental clinic in Yekaterinburg, developed by CNTR Studio, revolves around the idea of a “mouth full of gold”: pristine white porcelain stoneware walls are complemented by matte brass details. To avoid an overly literal interpretation, the architects focused on the building’s proportions, skillfully navigating between sunlight requirements and fire safety regulations.
Flexibility and Integration
Not long ago, we covered the project for the fourth phase of the ÁLIA residential complex, designed by APEX. Now, we’ve been shown different fence concepts they developed to enclose the complex’s private courtyards, incorporating a variety of public functions. We believe that the sheer fact that the complex’s architects were involved in such a detail as fencing speaks volumes.
A Step Forward
The HIDE residential complex represents a major milestone for ADM architects and their leaders Andrey Romanov and Ekaterina Kuznetsova in their quest for a fresh high-rise aesthetic – one that is flexible and layered, capable of bringing vibrancy to mass and silhouette while shaping form. Over recent years, this approach has become ADM’s “signature style”, with the golden HIDE tower playing a pivotal role in its evolution. Here, we delve into the project’s story, explore the details of the complex’s design, and uncover its core essence.
Gold in the Sands
A new office for a transcontinental company specializing in resource extraction and processing has opened in Dubai. Designed by T+T Architects, masters of creating spaces that are contemporary, diverse, flexible, and original, this project exemplifies their expertise. On the executive floor, a massive brass-clad partition dominates, while layered textures of compressed earth create a contextually resonant backdrop.
Layers and Levels of Flight
This project goes way back – Reserve Union won this architectural competition at the end of 2011, and the building was completed in 2018, so it’s practically “archival”. However, despite being relatively unknown, the building can hardly be considered “dated” and remains a prime example of architectural expression, particularly in the headquarters genre. And it’s especially fitting for an aviation company office. In some ways, it resembles the Aeroflot headquarters at Sheremetyevo but with its own unique identity, following the signature style of Vladimir Plotkin. In this article, we take an in-depth look at the United Aircraft Corporation (UAC) headquarters in the Moscow agglomeration town of Zhukovsky, supplemented by recent photographs from Alexey Naroditsky – a shoot that became only recently possible due to the fact that improvements were finally made in the surrounding area.
Light and Shadow
In this article, we delve into the architectural design of the “Chaika” house by DNK ag architects, which was recently completed in 2023 as part of the collection of signature designs at ZILArt. As is well-known, all the buildings in this complex follow a design code, yet each one is distinct. This particular building stands out not only for its whiteness and minimalism but also for the refined use of a limited number of techniques that, together, create what can confidently be called synergy.
Casus Novae
A master plan was developed for a large residential area with a name of “DNS City”, but now that its implementation began, the plan has been arbitrarily reformatted and replaced with something that, while similar on the surface, is actually quite different. This is not the first time such a thing happens, but it’s always frustrating. With permission from the author, we are sharing Maria Elkina’s post.
Treasure Hunting
The GAFA bureau, in collaboration with Tegola and Arkhitail, organized an expedition to the island of Kilpola in Karelia as part of Moskomarkhitektura’s “Open City” festival. There, amidst moss and rocks, the students sought answers to questions like: what is the sacred, where does it dwell, and what sustains it? Assisting the participants in this quest were landscape engineer Evgeny Levin, artist Nicholas Roerich, a moose, and the lack of cellular connection. Here’s how the story unfolded.
Depths of the Earth, Streams of Water
In the Malaya Okhta district, the Akzent building, designed by Stepan Liphart, was constructed. It follows a classic tripartite structure, yet it’s what you might call “hand-drawn”: each façade is unique in its form and details, some of which aren’t immediately noticeable. In this article, we explore the context and, together with the architect, delve into how the form was developed.
Fir Tree Dynamics
The “Airports of Region” holding is planning to build an airport in Karachay-Cherkessia, aiming to make the Arkhyz and Dombay resorts more accessible to travelers. The project that won in an invitation-only competition, submitted by Sergey Nikeshkin’s KPLN, blends natural imagery inspired by the shape of a conifer seed, open-air waiting spaces, majestic large trees, and a green roof elevated on needle-like columns. The result is both nature-inspired and WOW.
​A Brick Shell
In the process of designing a clubhouse situated among pine trees in a prestigious suburban area near Moscow, the architectural firm “A.Len” did the façade design part. The combination of different types of brick and masonry correlates with the volumetric and plastique solutions, further enhanced by the inclusion of wood-painted fragments and metal “glazing”.
Word Forms
ATRIUM architects love ambitious challenges, and for the firm’s thirtieth anniversary, they boldly play a game of words with an exhibition that dives deep into a self-created vocabulary. They immerse their projects – especially art installations – into this glossary, as if plunging into a current of their own. You feel as if you’re flowing through the veins of pure art, immersed in a universe of vertical cities, educational spaces – of which the architects are true masters – and the cultural codes of various locations. But what truly captivates is the bold statement that Vera Butko and Anton Nadtochy make, both through their work and this exhibition: architecture, above all, is art – the art of working with form and space.
Flexibility and Acuteness of Modernity
Luxurious, fluid, large “kokoshniks” and spiral barrel columns, as if made from colorful chewing gum: there seem to be no other mansion like this in Moscow, designed in the “Neo-Russian-Modern” style. And the “Teremok” on Malaya Kaluzhskaya, previously somewhat obscure, has “come alive with new colors” and gained visibility after its restoration for the office of the “architectural ecosystem” as the architects love to call themselves. It’s evident that Julius Borisov and the architects at UNK put their hearts into finding this new office and bringing it up to date. Let’s delve into the paradoxes of this mansion’s history and its plasticity. Spoiler: two versions of modernity meet here, both balancing on the razor’s edge of “what’s current”.
Yuri Vissarionov: “A modular house does not belong to the land”
It belongs to space, or to the air... It turns out that 3D printing is more effective when combined with a modular approach: the house is built in a workshop and then adapted to the site, including on uneven terrain. Yuri Vissarionov shares his latest experience in designing tourist complexes, both in central Russia and in the south. These include houseboats, homes printed from lightweight concrete using a 3D printer, and, of course, frame houses.
​Moscow’s First
“The quality of education largely depends on the quality of the educational environment”. This principle of the last decade has been realized by Sergey Skuratov in the project for the First Moscow Gymnasium on Rostovskaya Embankment in the Khamovniki district. The building seamlessly integrates into the complex urban landscape, responding both to the pedestrian flow of the city and the quiet alleyways. It skillfully takes advantage of the height differences and aligns with modern trends in educational space design. Let’s take a closer look.
Looking at the Water
The site of Villa Sonata stretches from the road to the water’s edge, offering its own shoreline, pier, and a picturesque river panorama. To reveal these sweeping views, Roman Leonidov “cut” the façade diagonally parallel to the river, thus getting two main axes for the house and, consequently, “two heads”. The internal core – two double-height spaces, a living room and a conservatory, with a “bridge” above them – makes the house both “transparent” and filled with light.
The White Wing
Well, it’s not exactly white. It’s more of a beige, white-stone structure that plays with the color of limestone – smoother surfaces are lighter, while rougher ones are darker. This wing unites various elements: it absorbs and interprets the surrounding themes. It responds to everything, yet maintains a cohesive expression – a challenging task! – while also incorporating recognizable features of its own, such as the dynamic cuts at the bottom, top, and middle.
Urban Dunes
The XSA Ramps team designed and built a three-part sports hub for a park in Rostov-on-Don, welcoming people of all ages and fitness levels. The skate plaza, pump track, and playground are all meticulously crafted with details that attract a diverse range of visitors. The technical execution of the shapes and slopes transforms this space into a kind of sculptural composition.
Proportional Growth
The project for the fourth phase of the ÁLIA residential area has been announced. The buildings are situated on an elongated plot – almost a “ray” that shoots out from the center of the area towards the river. Their layout reflects both a response to Moscow’s architectural preferences over the past 15 years, shifting “from blocks to towers”, and an interpretation of the neighboring business park designed by SOM. Additionally, the best apartments here are not located at the very top but closer to the middle, forming a glowing “waistline”.
The “Staircase” Building
In designing the “Details” residential complex in New Moscow, Rais Baishev spiced up the now-popular Moscow theme of a “courtyard” building with an idea drawn from the surrealist drawings by Maurits Escher. He envisioned the stepped silhouettes and descending slopes as a metaphysical mega-staircase, creating a key void within the courtyard that gave the project an internal “spine”. This concept is felt both in the building’s silhouette and on its façades.
Projection of the Quarter
No one doubted that the building that Vladimir Plotkin designed as part of the “Garden Quarters” would be the most modernist of all. And it turned out just that way: while adhering to the common design code, the building successfully combines brick and white stone, rhythmically responding to the neighboring building designed by Ostozhenka, yet tactfully and persistently making a few statements of its own. This includes the projection of the ideal urban development composition “14–9–6”, which can be found right next door, mathematical calculations, including those for various types of terraces (and perhaps the only reminder of the Soviet past of the Kauchuk rubber factory!), and the white “cross-stitch” pattern of the façade grid.
Domus Aurea
In this issue, we examine the “Tessinsky-1” house, designed by Sergey Skuratov and completed in 2023. Located in the middle of the Serebryanicheskaya Embankment district, at the intersection of its main streets, this house assumes a sort of “nodal” role: it not only responds to everything around it and preserves many memories of the former EMA factory within itself, but it weaves all this into a newly directed pattern, reconciling bright “gold” and dark-colored brick, largely with the help of the new, modern-yet-archaic Columba brick, which, come to think about it, is the most precious element here.